Theory:
Criminal justice 2 represents reasonable descriptions of reality. This theory approach tries to categorize and classify events in order to recognize the reasons of events, to forecast the way of future events and to know how and why these events take place. It speaks to a sensible and educated figure concerning why things are as they seem and to clarify their underlying nature and importance. The era of hypothetical clarifications is the thing that recognizes a theory of simply an accumulation of war stories and precisely documented encyclopedic accounts. Theory inquires: What is the purpose of the majority of this? What does it mean? Why are things along these lines?
Methodology:
(Methods) then again, includes the gathering of precise
…show more content…
Notwithstanding this authority fact, criminal equity specialists and other social researchers have led to an information document kept up for utilization by others. The biggest social science data file is the Inter-university Consortium for political and Social Research (ICPSR), spotted at the University of Michigan. It has an uncommon accumulation of criminal justice studies (the National Archives of Criminal Justice Data) kept up at the solicitation of the National Institute of Justice. Not just are these secondary data sets accessible for the United State; however four distinctive universal studies have now been directed under the sponsorship of the United Nations. A standout amongst the most valuable wellsprings of optional information about American examination is the General Social Survey (GSS), led with the government help by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC).
Concepts:
Concepts are the starting point in scientific endeavors which shows the reality. Concepts can be viewed as sensitizing/worldwide notions, qualitative or can be converted to variables during operationalization. Some of the instances of concepts in criminal justice studies are recidivism,
…show more content…
This division is mainly applicable to investigate cause-effect relationships. The dependent variable (outcome) is the variable which attempts to predict. By gathering, it is signified by the letter Y. Crime and recidivism are the concepts of Common dependent variables in criminal justice. The independent variable (predictor) is usually indicated by the letter X that causes, determines, or precedes in time the dependant variable. An independent variable in the study can become a dependent variable in an added. For instance, a study that defines the impact of poverty (X) over crime (Y) [poverty crime] discovers poverty as the independent variable while a study that seems at race (X) as a poverty predictor (Y) [race poverty] discovers poverty as a dependent
Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the 21st Century (13th Edition ed.). Retrieved from
1) In response to the question about type of homicide discussed in the case study provided for review, it can be termed as a kind of murder where Mr. Simon Gittany has been charged or found responsible for the murder of his engaged and to- be wife, Lisa Cecilia Harnum. This can also be termed as a second order or second degree homicide/ murder as Mr. Simon Gittany was accused to plan Harnum’s death and he did not let anybody know about it. In short, Gittany was found guilty or responsible for a criminal event that took place at the home where both lived in 2011, Sydney (NSW, 2015). 2) Another question was related to the characteristics of offender.
Introduction The top two and most commonly used programs for reporting and tracking crime statistics in the United States are the Uniform Crime Reports, UCR, program and the National Incident-Based Reporting System, NIBRS, program. Each program contains data from crimes and incidents that is tracked, analyzed, and reported by different law enforcement agencies from the reported incidents. While the UCR is the most commonly used, many law enforcement agencies are working towards shifting to full participation of NIBRS. Both programs use similar methodology to create reports of their crime based statistics, but still contain varying differences.
The author’s studies indicate that the criminal justice system choose majority of their targets and suspects predominantly by race. According to studies conducted by the U. S Department of Justice, the imprisonment rate by race per 100,000 residents over 3,000 black males were imprisoned in the year 2000 compared to white males imprisonment rate of less than 500. This shows that conviction of crime, robbery, murder, and other violence and drug related crimes has a clear discrepancy across racial groups.
Aaron Hernandez was a former football player born on November 6, 1989 in Bristol, CT ,Aaron was convicted of murder. In August of 2013, he was indicted by a grand jury for the murder of Odin Lloyd. In another trial in May of 2014, which happen in 2002, he was indicted for a double homicide of Daniel de Abreu and Safiro Furtado. Hernandez was found guilty of murdering Odin Lloyd and was sentenced to life. (“Aaron Hernandez.”
The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, by Michelle Alexander published in 2012, is a 261 page book detailing how mass incarceration has become the new form of legalized discrimination. BACKGROUND A large cause for the writing of this book is that there is currently not much research or call for a criminal justice reform. According to Alexander the main goal of the book is to “stimulate a much-needed conversation about the role of the criminal justice system in creating and perpetuating racial hierarchy in the United States” (2012:16).
Criminology has within its scope the process of reacting toward the breaking of laws, breaking laws, and making laws. The objective of all criminology is the development of a body of
Contrast the UCR/NIBRS with the NCVS The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) has been administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) since 1930 and has grown tremendously over the years. The UCR now includes data from city, county, state, and federal law enforcement agencies from across the United States. In its infancy, the UCR constructed a Crime Index that “summed the occurrences of seven major offenses, including murder, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft—and expressed the results as a crime rate based on population” (Schmalleger, 2009) with arson being added to the list during 1979. However, due to skewed data the Crime Index was officially take out of use in the UCR/NIBRS program during 2004.
The criminal justice system is a collaboration of different organizations who work together to uphold the law, keep the peace, and restore justice. Day in and day out the criminal justice system is forced to deal with unlawful issues that pose a threat to the peace of our society. These issues can range from within our homeland to international threats. Although there are many issues facing modern day criminal justice it seems that there are two in which our nation may be battling the most. Those two issues are drug trafficking and terrorism.
This deals with the thoughts, intentions and reactions of criminals. This also includes all that partakes in the criminal behaviour. In comparison to anthropological criminology, psychology deals with everything that makes the criminal “tick”, as opposed to the physical evidence. The questions that I formed can easily be related to the article because they are thought-provoking, and they ask about the actual intentions and thought process related to the crime. All of my questions could explain why certain things happened that was stated in the article, including why cigarettes and money was stolen, why the crime was committed at 4:00 AM, and many more.
Criminal Justice Psychologist The psychologist is a vital asset to the criminal justice system. The psychologist can examine victims, police officials and various witnesses thus making them ethically obligated to make the right decisions and evaluations. This essay will discuss the roles of psychologist as they work within the criminal justice system. I will Identify and describe the psychologists’ roles within the criminal justice system as it pertains to the applied scientist, the basic scientist, the policy evaluator, and the advocate.
There are three components that make up the criminal justice system – the police, courts, and correctional facilities – they all work together in order to protect individuals and their rights as a citizen of society to live without the fear of becoming the victim of a crime. Crime, simply put is when a person violates criminal law; the criminal justice system is society’s way of implementing social control. When all three components of the criminal justice work together, it functions almost perfectly. For a person to enter the criminal justice system, the process must begin with the law enforcement.
According to Andrews and Bonta (2010) the psychology of criminal conduct ( PCC) can be defined as an approach to scientifically understand the criminal behavior of individuals through a systematic approach. Additionally, the psychology of criminal conduct is considered to be interdisciplinary, and considers all aspects of science that will assist in the further comprehension of an individuals criminal behavior, and the causes of criminal behavior (Andrews and Bonta , 2010). Andrews and Bonta ( 2010) stated that the psychology of criminal conduct can be considered a subfield of criminology and psychology due to common beliefs and common interests with both disciplines. Furthermore, the psychology of criminal conduct can be described as using
They seek to gain answers to what really happens on the streets, police stations, behind prison bars and courtrooms, They collect much of their information by analyzing data sets and statistical studies mainly on topics relating to drug use and homicide rates. Not only does it attempt to explain crimes within a societal background and the variations between our society, but this brings me to the three distinct theories as stated in the book on page 67, that attempt to explain why criminals behave in a certain