Kant Essay
In this paper I will present and evaluate the views of Kant’s argument on “the World has a Beginning in Time”. I will give my object and explain Kant’s basic critique of this argument. From Kant’s antinomy of Pure Reason. Kant uses Speculative Cosmology or antinomies which is centered around the idea of the world as the totality of causes. An antinomy is when two contradictory propositions can be proved. The thesis of this antinomy represents dogmatic rationalism.
Kant starts his argument saying” let assume that the world has no beginning when it comes to time. In that case, at every moment in time an eternity has elapsed therefore an infinite series of sequential states in the world has went by. Therefore the mass of the series
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Resulting in no way of coming to an conclusion. The only way the antinomy can be avoided is if you accept his critical philosophy and reject dogmatic rationalism and uncritical common sense.
My objection to the world has a beginning in time is that is it based on assumption. There is no facts to based this on because it haven’t happen in experience to human knowledge nor is there any way to prove it. To assume such possibility can occur is not realistic. It is a faulty assumption because we can apply to phenomena the principle that if the conditioned is given, then the totality of conditions is also given. A phenomena is an objects as given in sense intuition or as it appears to the subject. His attempt to extend our knowledge of “the world” through synthetic a priori propositions ends in antinomies. Which leads you to question if the world actually has a beginning because without reason how can you be for certain. Overall I would like to agree with this thesis, that the world has a beginning in time. From reading Kant’s first thesis of the first antinomy, I would agree with him. After realizing it was made on an assumption now I think it may not be true. This thesis is apart of an antinomy, so it is used for the purpose of proving “reason has a
He argues that there is never right time or a wrong time to take action, there is only wasted time. He asserts that it is always the time to do something that is right, "Time itself becomes an ally of the forces of social stagnation. We must use time creatively, in the knowledge that the time is always ripe to do right,” (6) he also seems to believe that the inevitability of time passing is neither a bad thing or a good thing, but it can, however, be used constructively or destructively. He states, "Actually, time itself is neutral; it can be used either destructively or constructively. More and more I feel that the people of ill will have used time much more effectively than have the people of good will."
The Kalam Cosmological Argument and the B-theory of time INTRODUCTION Inherent in the Kalam Cosmological Argument, as defended by WIlliam Lane Craig, is the assumption of the A-theory of time. The A-theory of time accepts the view that there is a past, present and future, where future moments become increasingly present, and present moments become increasing past. Time exists very much like the way we experience it. The alternative view, the B-theory of time, sees time as a totality, that all times exist equally, or are equally real. Moments in time are ordered/related in terms of earlier-than, simultaneous with and later-than.
While Craig’s argument is strong and convincing, I cannot say for sure if his argument is true, and would not panic if his argument is proved wrong. The world still exists, and we exist on
And so it is conceivable contemptuous to dismiss this third stage. Furthermore, Aquinas is not claiming that the cosmological argument is the only way for our compassionate to open on to this more excellent
The existence of God has been presented by a multitude of philosophers. However, this has led to profound criticism and arguments of God’s inexistence. The strongest argument in contradiction to God’s existence is the Problem of Evil, presented by J.L Mackie. In this paper, I aim to describe the problem of evil, analyse the objection of the Paradox of Omnipotence and provide rebuttals to this objection. Thus, highlighting my support for Mackie’s Problem of evil.
“The Problem of Evil” is simply the question, why does God allow evil to happen? God is omnipotent, omniscient, all-loving, and rational, therefore why does evil exist? There is either no God or he is not what we think he is, since evil could be prevented by him with no risk. Atheists and anti-theodicist see a problem with the idea that God could prevent evil. They believe that because God is so powerful and perfect, that he would not allow such immoral actions to be done.
Edward Dolnick’s Clockwork Universe focuses on the scientific revolution of the 17th century. Dolnick takes the stance that the pivotal figures of the time believed that God had created a perfectly running universe that they could decipher. He also mentions the timely restrictions that scientists had to deal with and explains how their findings changed the way people looked at the world. Throughout his book, Dolnick provides several different scientists that held this belief and shows how they prove his thesis. While Dolnick presents a solid argument, he drags on a bit in the discussion of calculus, and at times exaggerates the societies he is portraying.
In theory, he thinks that if God exists then evil should not, but it does. So he creates and argues a theodicy to show that God and evil can exist at the same time. He comes up with the “Free Will Theodicy” which states that humans are the cause of evil, not God. The Free Will Theodicy discusses two kinds of evil: moral evil and natural evil.
This paper will discuss the problem of evil. In the first part, I will discuss Walter Sinnott-Armstrong’s atheist stance and William Lane Craig’s theist stance on the problem of evil. In the final part of this paper, I will argue that Walter Sinnott-Armstrong’s argument is stronger. The Problem of Evil
The question that is asked time and time again is whether or not god exists. It is evident that people hold different beliefs. It is evident that through some of the beliefs of J.L. Mackie that it could be argued that God does not actually exist. I find this argument to be more agreeable. In Mackie’s Evil and Omnipotence, he argues many points to support why it should be believed that god does not exist.
It is after two paragraphs exploring notions of man’s cosmic connection that Sagan asserts his first claim in the essay, “plainly there is no way back… we are stuck with science” (1). The compassionate tone persists even in assertions, as seen through the use of first person. More compassionate is the gentle acknowledgement of the pseudoscience appeal. “Yes, the world would be a more interesting place if there were UFOs lurking in the deep waters off Bermuda… or if our dreams could, more often than can be explained by chance and our knowledge of the world, accurately foretell the future” (1). This series of sentences ends the introduction.
After reading the article the Antithesis, is highlights the difference between Christians and non-Christians. They used scientists to capture this message of Christians believe that everything started with GOD and the down fall of human life and the world was caused by Adam and Eve decision to disobey GOD laws and ate the apple, which why we are dealing with the things we deal with today. Non-Christians, secular people believe this is how it always since the beginning, they believe there is no GOD. As a GOD believer I don’t believe whatever comes naturally is always good, in certain circumstances yes it is good, but in others no it is.
A lot of arguments have been known to prove or disprove the existence of God, and the Problem of Evil is one of them. The Problem of Evil argues that it is impossible to have God and evil existing in the same world. Due to ideal characteristics of God, evil should not have a chance to exist and make human suffer. In this essay, I will examine the argument for the Problem of Evil, a possible theodicy against the argument, and reply to the theodicy. First of all, to be clear, the Problem of Evil is an argument that shows that God cannot be either all- powerful, all-knowing, and/or all good.
In support of this claim, I will give a brief summary of McTaggart’s theories of time, argue that time does exist, consider the objection of rejecting the A-theory on grounds of contradiction, and give a reply that justifies the A-theory’s consistency. Starting with the distinction of the two theories, A-theory and B-theory, McTaggart attempts to construct a way for an understanding of what time is and how it works. He starts by defining what the B-theory is, which is static
In Aquinas’ first proof, it is assumed that there was a beginning of time, which is considered wrong according to this principle and even to the early Greek philosophers, because if the universe was assumed to always be in existence there would be no account for a beginning. Therefore, God would be irrelevant to being the efficient cause. Aquinas’ second proof calls attention to the argument that there is nothing perfect, and even if there was, how would we know that God is perfect. What is a perfect being? Difficulties arise when measuring goodness.