Katharine Kolcaba's Comfort Theory

Finally, we will explore if her theory contributes to the discipline of nursing and a summary will be presented of this review. Current Nursing Standards Jean Watson’s Caring theory is consistent with present nursing

The Theory of Self-Transcendence: History of the Theory The theory of self-transcendence is a middle-range nursing theory which was developed by Pamela Reed (Cramer, 2013; Smith & Liehr, 2008). Self-transcendence theory establishes a framework for healthcare providers through the promotion of well-being during life-altering events (Reed, 2008). In addition, this theory provides a holistic framework for nursing care focused on the relationship between persons and their environment (Reed, 2008). This can be achieved by creating self-transcendence activities that promote improved well-being through a broadening of personal boundaries (Reed, 2003).

Therefore, my PowerPoint presentation demonstrates how the human caring concepts of providing basic personal needs, creating a healing, caring environment, solving problems mutually, respecting all people and appreciating individuality can be applied to all forms of therapeutic nursing interventions in areas of practice, education, and administration. Develops therapeutic nursing interventions which may impact healthcare outcomes for individuals, families, populations, and/or systems (i.e. rural and underserved areas). My PowerPoint demonstrates how the concepts from The Quality Caring Model © can facilitate the provision of quality patient care by using therapeutic nursing interventions. Most notably, the research and the creation of my PowerPoint demonstrates how this model investigates exactly how therapeutic nursing interventions can be measured for their effects on patient outcomes using experimental designs, which has yielded favorable outcomes.

Kolcaba developed her comfort theory after conducting a concept analysis of comfort that examined literature from medicine, nursing, psychology, psychiatry, ergonomics and English. Form the analysis, it had confirmed that comfort care is a positive concept and it is highly associated with activities that nurture and strengthen patients’. Kolcaba had developed a theoretical framework for the work on comfort in nursing, conceptualizing suitable care as the immediate and holistic experience of feeling strengthened by meeting the needs of three types of comfort know as relief, ease and transcendence in the four contexts of holistic human experience such as physical, psychospiritual, social-cultural and environmental (Kolcaba, 1994; Kolcaba, 1995; Kolcaba & Fox, 1999 & Kolcaba, et. al. 2006).

Watson’s nursing theories express that the mind, body and spirit of the patient should be taken into consideration. I agree with Watsons that while providing care the nurse should consider care base on the patient as a whole and not just focus on the disorder. I was taught to use Maslow’s hierarchy of need while planning and providing care for my patients. Maslow’s hierarchy is use to prioritize a patient need from life treating issues to love and belong. This hierarchy helps me to provide care which include the patient mind, body and spirit as Watson had

Continuous relationships with the care team, individualising of care and providing care that anticipates the patient’s needs all achieve best care delivery. (Wagner et al 2001). However the course of any chronic disease is determined by personal attributes, social influences and the professional treatment delivered. Yet, nurses and healthcare professional can try to maintain steady control of any chronic disease by accurate management. The TM model can be used along with other nursing models of care for effective

The theoretical framework gives a detailed reason to why the highlighted research ques-tion exists. Orem’s self-care deficit theory of nursing is the theoretical framework relat-ing to this research because the theory is further divided into three sub-theories in which requisite are line with the following: Individual stages of development and goals, Health conditions, Developmental states, Energy consumption and expenditure, Atmospheric conditions and also the theory gives room to investigate possible causes of malnutrition alongside nurse’s intervention by assessing the need for care, approaches and required interventions. According Orem in 2001, nursing can be viewed as part of the health sector that provides authorized care to individuals.

Effective communication is one of the most fundamental tools of the nursing practice. Communication involves two parties the conveyor and the recipient, in which information is exchanged through personal and interpersonal mediums (verbal and non-verbal forms), allowing the message conveyed to be received and understood. Ultimately effective communication in healthcare reduces barriers constructed by language and cultural differences etc, creating a safe environment for the client in which they can actively participate in positive health-related behaviours. This explanatory synthesis will explore the concept of self- awareness in relation to therapeutic communication and how it significantly influences nurse-client rapports. It will also

( Williams 2004 ). also , wasted nursing care had important impact on nurse-reported counter events such as hospital acquired infections, patients taking error medications or dosage , and more accident of patient falls causing injury. The quality of care on the basis of nursing care insufficiency was also explored and indicated that a important relationship presented between quality care and patient safety ratings . ( Schubert et al 2012 ) . However , Nursing clinical rounds lead nurses to interact with patients, respond to their interest , and adjust the unsatisfying conditions.

They are considered to be the foundation of nursing (Watson, 2005). The processes entail forming selfless values in order to provide supportive care, being attentive to the belief system of the patient, showing understanding of oneself therefore being able to incorporate it into patient relations, developing a trustworthy relationship with the patient, accepting the patient’s feelings as valid emotions, and problem solving in all aspects of care, which is a similar aspect to the personal theory’s viewpoint of critical thinking (Watson, 2005). Other processes include adapting teaching styles and methods to meet the patient’s needs, creating an environment that is comfortable and healthy to promote healing, providing assistance with daily care which also promotes healing, and being attentive to the soul and its well-being (Watson, 2005). Watson (2005) compares these statements to love invoking, which “allows love and caring to come together for a new form of deep transpersonal caring,” which “connotates inner healing for self and others” (p.

  This leads to a process of actions and reaction resulting in an interaction.  An interaction is the goal directed portion of relationship built upon perception and communication.  This leads to a transition, which is when mutually valued, as goals are achieved. Building a nurse-patient relationship with good communication is the key to mutually work towards an attainable goal to improve the patient 's’ health and quality of life.

Being involved in health policy, it is

Nursing theory affords the dialogue, models, and global aspect to take note of the nursing interest (Leddy, 2006). Nursing theories and models can be ascertained to direct nursing performance. Using Leddy’s theory (2006), the individual is seen as an open energy power that interacts with the atmosphere on a persistent basis. Individuals can take charge of their own health by making choices. The environment is ever changing and impacts change.

The Frontline special on Being Mortal, written by Atul Gawande, shows the difficult side of healthcare that many doctors struggle with, how to confront death with patients. He brings light to topics like terminal illness and facing mortality. Atul Gawande is an oncologist whom, like many doctors, still wonders how to tell patients that their treatment is no longer working. He decided to collaborate with different physicians to gain a better understanding of how to approach the situation.

Holistic Assessment/Variable Paper Holistic assessment is important for nursing care as the nurse sees the patient more than a diagnosis. The philosophy behind it comes from holism that states that a human being is greater than a sum of his parts. The body and spirit also affect physical wellbeing. Illnesses affect the individual not just the physical body but also mind, soul, and body of patients.