In confirmation of the hepatotoxicity of khat ingestion, there is also a case report described an East African man with a regular khat chewing habit who developed jaundice as a result of acute hepatitis (Brostoff et al., 2006).
In a study done by Bajubair (1997), 158 Yemeni healthy khat chewers with variabe duration of khat chewing were investigated for liver function tests, the result showed significant increased levels of aminotranferases and decreased serum total protein while the alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels were not affected. This result reflected the effect of khat on the hepatocellular toxicity and synthetic function of the liver while the cholestatic function is spared. Bastawi (1987), demonstrated that in both humans and experimental animals, consumption of khat for short period can lead to acute disturbances in the liver functions. Tash et al. (1983) reported increased alkaline phosphatase and transaminases activity. A rather unusual adverse effect on the liver of chewing khat was a parasitic infection of the liver by Fasciola hepatica as a contaminant of the khat leaves. Many cases were reported from different hospitals in UK. All diagnosed patients had a history of khat chewing. Most of the discussed patients are of East African and Yemeni origin and all had a history of khat chewing (Chand et al., 2009; Cats et al 2000; Doherty et al, 1995).
Khat chewing and autoimmune hepatitis is one of mysterious titles that could not be understood by researchers, Fallatah
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The question here is: (Are these Somalian patients questioned about their habit of using
In the book ‘The Bite of the Mango’ by Mariatu Kamara and Susan Mcclelland, a group of individuals in Sierra Leone that call themselves the revolutionary united front (RUF) started a civil war to get back at the president of sierra leone. The RUF raped, murdered, and torchered innocent sierra leone people. ‘The Bite of the Mango’ is about a fourteen year old sierra leonean girls life during the civil war. Kamara describes the horrors the RUF put her and others through. Without the help of other countries she would have stayed in an unsafe environment and could have died.
• In the state of Massachusetts a prescription is required from a doctor in order to distribute hypodermic needles. In the year 1990, two citizens of the city of Lynn started a needle exchange program in an goal to fight against the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome also known as (AIDS). The two men legally purchased new sterile needles over-the-counter in Vermont. The defendants were at a specific location on Union Street in Lynn from 5 P.M. to 7 P.M. every Wednesday evening in 1991 until their arrest made in June 19. They accepted dirty needles from society in exchange for clean needles; they exchanged between 150 and 200 needles each night ranging from 50-60 people.
In the paper it seems that although men might be mentioned that majority of those who take
”(Skloot, 2010, p. 50). Racism has since been abolished and is now considered discrimination; also it is illegal to do any medical procedure on uninformed patients. However in today’s society like the era before, everyone has their own opinion and although it is legally and socially unethical people can still be bias. Also the patients in the studies did not have informed consent. There are three things in which you need to have informed consent; knowing, voluntary and competency.(10/17/13)
Drug use causes a wide range of long-term and short-term health issues. Edgewater members misused drugs daily. Thus, most used drugs were heroin and cocaine. Whites preferred heroin and African-Americans were known to use cocaine. Whites’ method of use was by injection, known as “skin popping”.
I was annoyed that their solution to everything was, “Let’s cut off a limb and drain some of their blood!!!!!Yay medication!!Who needs sanitation!!!!” In today 's world, these practices would be considered flawed and
The evidence proves that my claim is accurate by showing how some of the doctors refused to conduct research on their patients without their knowledge of what was really going to be being done to them as well as the possible outcome of the injection. In conclusion, performing research with questionable conduct being involved, on patients who are unaware or unable to question the procedure should be banned from the medical and scientific
According to a recent study by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2016), approximately one individual out of five patients established with a pain-related conditions, is recommended to use opioids for their pain. This practice has continued with time increasing the levels of opioid use among different patients. Medical practitioners have contributed largely to the increase of opioid usage because they are the ones who prescribe these drugs mostly to the patients. However, they have established a major challenge facing them on the prescription of these drugs, as there is a confluence of pain control versus the danger of misuse of such prescriptions. These facts have increased the need to curb this situation before it becomes impossible to deal
Rachel Mathews E 260 March 13, 2018 Dr. Shaun Morgan Paper #1 “Bitter in the Mouth” by Monique Truong explores race, gender and sexuality, and never had a definite theme. It starts off with a young, seven-year-old North Carolina girl, with many layered secrets, who name was Linda Hammerick. She stated that she “fell in love with” (1) her great-uncle Baby Harper. She also talks about her parents, DeAnne and Thomas, and her best friend, Kelly. She states that she was her father’s tomboy and her mother’s baton twirler and that she went far away for college and law school, now living in New York.
When looking at a scholarly journal or other form of report pertaining to controlled substances, the theme is usually pretty clear; “drugs are bad, people that do drugs are bad, and it’s only getting worse.” Moore challenges this theme by breaking the mold in his article, “The Other Opioid Crisis” by implementing several rhetorical devices to add a more human aspect to the not so black-and-white issue. “The Other Opioid Crisis” is an article that goes into the ethics and the arguments regarding those who are in need of opioids and their stories, alongside other ethical issues they may face. By providing stories of patients, Moore states his opinion which is backed strongly by the pains, both mentally and physically, that opioid prescribed patients face. In these stories he not only provides a detailed account of their struggles, he uses strong language to appeal to the pathos of the reader on a subject that may not be easy for many to sympathize with.
Nevertheless, this study lasted 40-years’ worth due to the state and local health officials continuing the study, which has been recorded as the most “longest nontherapeutic experiment on human beings in medical history” (p. 1501). Eventually, the study was put to an end by Peter Buxtun, who was “a venereal disease interviewer and investigator with the PHS, with his moral concerns, racial views of the study, and a front
April 26, 2016 Dear Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Lately, First Nations people in Canada have been faced with many issues surrounding their living conditions, rights, and resources. Specifically, in Attawapiskat, a community located in the western Hudson Bay Lowland, they are facing a housing crisis. The housing conditions aren’t liveable, with one house containing 1 family including, immediate and non-immediate family. Families aren’t just living in houses, they are living in used donated trailers. The houses don’t have access to running clean water, or a significant source of heat.
I think Charlie from the extract of the book Miracle’s Boys by Jaqueline Woodson was the person that had changed the most, in Focus on Change. When Charlie from the book Miracle’s Boys came home from the juvenile detention centre, he had changed a lot. According to Lafayette’s description, Charlie had become as mean as his older brother Aaron.
Therefore these drugs should not be used. We can stop this if we work together, so will you help
In a study by Vollard A.M., Ali S., van Asten H.A., Ismid I.S., Widjaja S., Visser L.G., Surjadi C.h., and van Dissel J.T. on “Risk Factors for Transmission of Food-borne Illness in Restaurants and Street vendors in Jakarta, Indonesia”, the risk factors of contracting food borne diseases were affected by poor hand washing hygiene of the food handlers (street vendors), further relating to the fact that the food handlers may come in direct contact with the food by using their bare hands when handling the food, and also their low educational level which hinders them from the basic knowledge of proper personal hygiene which led to faecal contamination of drinking water, dish water and ice cube. A study by M.P. Azanza, C. Gatchalian, and M. Ortega,