Kim Il-sung was born on April 15, 1912, Mangyongdae, (North) Korea. He was the communist dictator of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) from 1948 until his death in 1994. Prior to his ascension to power in North Korea, Kim Il-sung was a guerilla resistance fighter against the Japanese during the occupation of Korea. He was later recognized by Soviet military officials to be a potential Korean ally and was brought to the Soviet Union for political and military training. After World War II, Kim Il-sung was made the Premier of North Korea, which signaled the age of a totalitarian and oppressive regime on a divided Korean peninsula (Britannica). During Kim Il-sung’s rule in North Korea from 1948 to 1994, he established a totalitarian communist regime as the dictator by eliminating political rivals through force (Lew and Yu). In 1950, Kim Il-sung attempted to unify Korea, starting the Korean War with the invasion of South Korea. The Korean War …show more content…
Because of North Korea’s isolation from the outside world, there are no confirmed statistics or hard evidences of the atrocities committed by the North Korean government under Kim Il-sung. However, with the testimonies of North Korean defectors, it is most probable that Kim Il-sung was responsible for the deaths of between 710,000 to 3,500,000 North Korean citizens. In North Korea, there are concentration and forced labor camps that are used to jail and execute any North Koreans who were found guilty of being un-loyal to Kim Il-sung and the government (Rummel). However, because of the personality cult in North Korea that paints Kim Il-sung as a hero and god, most of the North Korean population were taught to follow Kim Il-sung with absolute loyalty or face death. To the rest of the world, however, Kim Il-sung is remembered as a ruthless dictator who was responsible for the deaths of many innocent
Following WWII, the Allied powers split up the Korean peninsula similarly to how Germany had been divided, with the Soviets controlling the North and the US controlling the South. This led to a communist North Korea and non-communist South Korea, and when these two wanted to unify, both wanted to do so on their premises. The North, then attacked the South to take over as a way to unify, leading to a war between the two. The US, as well as other countries, entered the conflict between the nations in order to combat or advocate for the spread of communism. The United States, one of the countries opposing communism under was led at this time by President Harry Truman.
Following the liberation, Korea was divided by zones of occupation; the Soviet Union took control of the north and the United States took control of the south. Each country provided the military and financial support for the northern and southern regions. In the American occupation government of the south, Seungman Rhee was elected as the first president of Korea in 1945. Under the Soviets, a man named Kim Il Sung was strongly influenced by communist ideas and set out to establish a new kind of government. In 1948, Kim formed the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, a communist group, and tried to unify the country under his rule by military force.
‘Under the leadership of the U.S, the South Korean forces pushed the invaders past the originally established 38th parallel, to the Yalu River that bordered the People's Republic of China (P.R.C). After which, the P.R.C quickly counter attacked and, after 2 years of futile war at the 38th parallel, agreed to the original border.’ (Crash Course, 2013). These excerpts from this source represent the widely accepted reasoning behind the actions that transpired during the war and indicate further information about the events within it. Evidence from both Professor Lee and Crash Course reveal the causes of the Korean War and the reasons for its proxy of the Cold War status.
The Korean War began after the end of the Second World War in 1950. Initially, the Korean peninsula was part of the Japanese Empire. After the Empire’s defeat, it forced them to split into North and South Korea. Soviet forces settled in North Korea while American troops moved to the south of the Korean peninsula. The United States on the side of South Korea decided to establish a democratic republic commission that was meant to oversee the election scheduled in 1948.
The Korean War happened in 1950-1953 when North Korea held a surprise attack on South Korea. North Korea was hoping to capture Seoul, South Korea’s capital, as quickly as possible. The United Nations secretary general Trygve Lie called this war the “war against the United Nations.” The UN went to help South Korea after they had called and asked for help.
Beginning as a proxy war, the conflict in Korea would have the nation divided at the 38th parallel as agreed by the United States and Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Until the years of 1945 to 1950, as both of the world’s greatest superpowers funded and supported the sides which shared their view. Espousing the views of communism and fighting in the Soviet Union’s stead was Kim Il-sung organized and created the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea while the United States sunk their support for the more southern Korea’s government known as the Republic of Korea led by nationalist Syngman Rhee (Schaller 980). The two Korean governments vied for total control and
Both “Postwar Reconstruction and a Declaration of Self-reliance, 1953-55” by Charles Armstrong and “North Korea’s Vinalon City: Industrialism as Socialist Everyday Life” by Cheehyung Kim focus on the post-Korean War reconstruction of North Korea as a model of the socialist economic development. The authors analyze the rise of North Korea as a showcase of socialist industrialization with “fraternal” supports from the whole Eastern Bloc, the role of this rapid` industrialization in consolidating Kim Il Sung’s power, and external and internal backgrounds behind the North’s gradual transition from an externally dependent economy to an autarky after the initial years of industrialization. Armstrong argues that “fraternal” assistances from the USSR, the PRC, and the Eastern European countries as well as its strict adherence to Stalinist economic programs with the heavy emphasis on heavy industries were the two biggest characteristics of the rapid industrialization of North Korea. Armstrong summarizes, “through a combination of tremendous work and sacrifice on the part of the North Korean people, generous economic and technical assistance from the “fraternal” socialist countries, and the
In North Korea ever since birth every man and woman are to love their ruler as if they were “God” themselves stated well in the Documentary of North Korea. They must bow everyday and pray to their ruler and to please their ruler. In the book “Anthem” the people love their brothers as equal no such thing as loving more than one another. There is no selfishness and may not exceed what you are told the amount of intelligence is required; they are put into a group with a given name and number. They have a routine they must follow in their everyday lives until death.
There are over 120,000 people in North Korean prison camps. Over 400,000 people have died in the North Korean prison camps. Shin Dong-H yuk, author from CNN says, “ The people chose the system and that they are happy”. They are really lying to the rest of the world and everyone knows that the concentration camps exist and it is hard to deny but they are doing it.
North Koreans believe that as long as they follow their ruler, they will have a happy, full life. They hold large, elaborate celebrations, parades, and children compete in the Mass Games. During parades “as they march past, they cry 'Mansei ' which means "Long Live!"”
In Asia, China and North Korea did many things to maintain control. China was under Mao and North Korea is totalitarian. Mao Zedong was China 's leader and Kim Jong Un is North Korea 's leader. Both China and North Korea used indoctrination, propaganda, censorship, persecution, and dictatorship to maintain control. In China, Mao Zedong had led a cultural revolution that brought a form of government called Communism to the country in 1949.
In North Korea everything is controlled by the government. There is no freedom of speech and if someone opposes Kim Il-Sung, they would be executed. Similarly in Animal Farm, any animal that spoke against Napoleon would be called a traitor and then the animal would be executed. In North Korea there were also given the illusion of freedom but they didn’t really have it because they could pick their own president even though there was only one person running. This is similar to Animal Farm because after Napoleon kicked Snowball out of the farm, he declared himself the leader of Animal Farm with no opposition.
After the war, in 1948, Korea was split in two. The Republic of Korea, controlled by the Allies, and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, ruled by the Soviets. Both considering themselves the ruling government there was tension which led to North Korea’s invasion of the South on June 25th, 1950. This sparked the Korean war between the American and the Vietnamese. In 1953 the war was over and Korea was still split in two with a De militarized zone in between.
At its mildest level it is epitomized by Confucian self-repression– which requires conforming to the group, while being different means isolation and exclusion. At its harshest level some form of punishment is involved, such as demotion or reduced rations, and at worst death. Kim Jong Il demonstrated an early willingness to use not only targeted purges but also arbitrary repression to assert his power; masses are thus watched and terrorized, even at the price of perennial economic failure and the decline of the citizens’ living standards (Lankov, 1). North Korea also lacks a comprehensive opposition within the country. The population does not have an alternative to the status quo, no dissident groups have emerged to pursue it, and even refugees do not report signs of collective action aimed at confronting the regime, due to continual purges and extensive repression.
In North Korea , the citizens know , learn, and see only what the dictator, Kim Kong Un, wants them to even if is untrue. The official name of North Korea is Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( kastel) .North Korea was founded on September 8 1948 (Doe) and has a population of 24.9 million (kastel). Everyone’s knowledge is limited, and entirely controlled by the government. The government of North Korea believes that censoring every part of their society permits them complete control in guaranteeing their country 's future (Yop).