Cold Water And Calorimetry Essay

The science of calorimetry is that the energy gained or lost by the water is equal to the energy lost or gained by the object. In calorimetry to find the amount of heat that was absorbed or released (q) by multiplying its mass (m), its specific heat capacity (c) and its change in thermal energy (∆T or Tf - Ti). The formula q=mc∆T is what was used in this experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of a small lead sinker. All substances are made up of particles that carry energy. The particles move faster when they contain thermal energy that is in the form of heat.

Infer why the current that was created during this lab is called a convection current. Convection is the movement caused within a fluid when hotter, less dense water, moves upward, and colder, denser water, moves downward. I infer that the current that was created during this lab is called a convection current because the colder, denser water, moved beneath the hot water, causing the hot water to move upward. 4. How does this experiment demonstrate water density?

It finally states that heat increases the evaporation of the water within the stomates which ultimately increases the rate at which water moves from root to leaves. This indicates that since heat was also induced onto the plant, the water potential of the atmosphere decreased causing the pansey’s leaves to have a much higher water potential than its surroundings, resulting in more water being lost through evaporation within the stomata. Ultimately, the both heat and light factors on the pansey caused it to have a much higher rate of transpiration that the other plants with only one factor. This supports the hypothesis which stated that when placed in an

The atmosphere consists of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide as well as other gases. Partial pressure is the pressure of a single type of gas in a mixture of gases. As a general rule a gas will move from an area where its partial pressure is higher to an area where its partial pressure is

Ionic liquids can produce higher ionic strength in solution medium and it is a possible reason for decreasing of solubility in acidic medium whenever CVD is fully ionized. Similar pattern is observed in solubility studies of CVD and corresponding IL forms in HCl 0.1 M and 0.01 M. However, solubility was considerably improved in compared with HCl 0.1 M, 0.2 M). It could be related to the low concentration of chloride ion. The maximum solubility was observed in CVD because in this pH, it is fully ionized and ionic strength in compared with CVD is less than CVD’s ionic

But due to the rate of separation by using liquid chromatography is slow and not much of efficiency since it was largely diffusion-controlled. HPLC was introduced by creating a condition under a high pressure of 400 atm. So HPLC can be also explained as it was improved from liquid chromatography. The solvent is allowed to be trickled via HPLC column with the help of gravitational force. The mobile phase and stationary phase in the HPLC will involve in the mechanism.

Because salt can be dissolved in water, it is said to have high solubility. Sodium acetate also dissolves very easily in water, especially in warm water, so it has high solubility too(1). There are 2 ways to change the solubility of a solution. One way to change it is to raise the temperature because at higher temperatures most solids are extra soluble. The increase of temperature has 2 effects on almost all solutes that are solid.

This solution reaction is exothermic; because temperature was increased meaning heat was released. In the last part of the experiment, neutralization reaction was investigated. NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Enthalpy change for neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH were calculated to be -51kJ. For reactions involving strong acids and alkalis, like HCl and NaOH, the values are always very closely similar, with values between -57 and -58 kJ.2 The actual value of enthalpy change of neutralization reaction is equal to -57.9 kJ.2 The reason for dissimilarity of results could be loss of heat during the transferring of the NaOH to the HCl. Since, temperature was increased, the reaction is exothermic, heat was

However, the gel at lowest concentration cannot withstand wear tear and very fragile. Several variable influences the immobilization yield in alginate bead which are concentrations of sodium alginate, calcium chloride and curing time. The shape of beads perfectly spherical is due to high viscosity at higher concentrations vice versa at lower concentrations. The droplet fall easier into the CaCl2 solution when at lower concentrations compared to the high concentrations of sodium

One way the reaction to occur, is explain as following: In the rate equation k is rate constant. The rate constant is independent of the concentrations of substances, but may depend on environmental factors such as temperatures . Therefore, when the concentration of propanone is increased, the value of k stays the same. This property can be used to find k with different concentrations and find the average in order to ensure that the value of k in specific temperature is reliable. In order to calculate activation energy, the rate constant must be calculated in different temperatures, in this particular experiment, rate constant is calculated in following temperatures: 9°C, 22°C, 29°C, 37°C, 45°C.