In this excerpt, which included three letters from King Afonso of Congo to King João of Portugal, Portugal’s deep influence on world trade poured out of these primary document sources. King Afonso, who converted to Christianity early on through his reign, mentioned in each of his letters the turmoil of his kingdom and pleaded for King João to have mercifulness towards him just as any Christian believer would. In the first letter, Afonso was surprised to see another one of João’s ships in his port and from this, he believed trade between the two nations to still exist and asks him for more wine and fluor for communion. Then, he states the increasing economic turmoil of his country because one, the Portuguese set up their own businesses for trade, which was against Congo law, and two, Congo natives observed this practice and began to desire their own independence from their government. However, this economic turmoil can be seen, but not measured due to the rise of slavery and population decrease. His final requests are for no more merchants to be sent to his land, hoping that João would take care of these matters, and for educators to be sent instead, so that his people could gain more insight into Christian beliefs. This first letter sets the tone for the following letters and conveys the main complications, including …show more content…
As they were the first to learn of the sea routes to Asia through the Mediterranean Sea, they were also the first to be considered courageous enough to reach the coasts of Africa. This document serves to be important because it is a primary resource to be recognized for evidence of an existing trade world between two different continents. There is also proof that sheds light on the slave trade, which is not a complete European action, but rather an ensemble of many different countries and
Another of Equiano’s descriptions is of a sailor who took pity on him and his curiosity. The nearest similarity in Columbus's journal is his run in with the natives. Columbus tells of them sharing with him to fulfill his curiosity about the various other islands around the caribbean. These descriptions have once again shown what is important to the authors to Columbus it is the funding that he thinks he should receive, and to Equiano it is help for him and his enslaved
During the time period of 1450-1750, there were many changes as well as continuities in the economy of the Atlantic world form. One main change during this time was, the involvement of trading European firearms and other foods. This diversified the initial upbringing of the Atlantic world trade, which was different from its original usage of exporting slaves, gold, salt, and other goods. But this was both a positive and negative change for the economical status of the Europeans earnings increased, but negatively as well as there were more weapons used for violence. In relation, a continuity that occurred through this time was the use of the Atlantic world for the trade of African slaves.
For a brief time in world history, China dominated maritime exploration. Even though quite unintentionally, a previous century’s invention of the magnetic compass played a pivotal and facilitating role and provided Chinese sailors a two-hundred-year head start over their European counterparts. However, it was not until blending those navigational advancements of the day, together with nautical technologies of shipbuilding architecture and propulsion found China readily thrust to the forefront. Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty desired to leverage those technologies to construct an immense armada attesting to the court’s military prowess. Supported by a backdrop of politically favorable winds and a generous endowment, the Emperor commissioned the undertaking of explorations to an experienced Admiral named Zheng He.
This extensive trade route allowed West African kingdoms to trade valuable resources, most notably gold and salt, for other goods like textiles and various spices. This map also highlights the importance of key trade cities like Timbuktu which served
George Percy Badge wrote, “They have guns with a noise like thunder and a ball from one of them, after traversing a league, will break a castle of marble.” This imply how using violence, the Portuguese have frightened the traders which made it easier for the Portuguese to get them to submit and obey their instructions. The other method the Portuguese use was the cartaz which Sushil Chaudhury have say that, “Under the cartaz system, every Asian ship was required to take a cartaz from the Portuguese... If a ship was found without a cartaz, it was automatically confiscated and its crew immediately killed or sent to the galleys.” This means other traders have to rely on the Portuguese in order to be able to trade freely.
With the passing of decades, most Europeans mistakenly believed that King Leopold spent his considerable fortune funding public works in the Congo and stopping slavery in East Africa. He was the unintimidating King of Belgium; but it was all a sham. Underneath the veneer of generosity and graciousness laid a cunning and self-engrossed scoundrel, a duplicitous fraud to rival the evil charm of Iago or Richard III. Under the guise of an international charitable foundation, he personally owned the colony of the Congo, and he ran it as a brutal business investment. His “charity” resulted in the death of ten million people, approximately 50% of the population in the Congo.
In document 3, it shows the African slave trade from 1500 through 1800. From Africa, they traded slaves to the West Indies, Jamaica, Haiti, Cartagena, Ecuador, Brazil, North America, and along the coast of Europe. Along the trade routes discussed before, they had
In the 16th century, European continue to arrive in Africa. Castle was built along the coast of West Africa by seven European nations. The Europeans discovered the wealth in Africa such as plantation and mining. To achieve their goals and to maximize their profits, the Europeans used slave labor. They were unable to use slave labor in Europe so therefore they turned to Africa.
By having no tolerance for crime, the rulers had very successful kingdoms with complete control over them(Doc. 6). Whether it be the close proximity to other parts of the world, the barren deserts, or the rainforests, Africa’s people have been aided in their success by the continent’s natural advantages. A map showing trade routes, this document is the perfect example of Africa’s prime location. Right near Europe and Asia, trading routes in northern and eastern Africa flourished(Doc 1). Although this is another trade route map, it gives us more insight on the routes that were used to get to other parts of the world, such as Asia.
The document by King Affonso I, titled Letters to King Jao of Portugal was written in 1526. During King Affonso’s reign, he saw many benefits of creating strong trading relationships with Europeans, specifically Portugal. To create a powerful alliance between the Kongo and Portugal the royal family converted to Christianity and allowed the process of importing European products. However, the importation of European goods appeared to diminish the economic society of the Kongo. In the letters to Portugal from King Affonso, he explains how the merchants who came to his kingdom are permitted to sell goods that are prohibited in the Kingdom of the Kongo.
1000 in a place with many wild grapes, so they named the area Vinland, which is known as Newfoundland today • They were not supported by a powerful nation-state, so they had to leave their settlements and their discovery was lost with only Scandinavian sagas and songs giving them credit • Christian crusaders tried to take over the Holy Land that the Muslims were controlling • Exotic goods were brought over to Europe such as silk, drugs, perfumes, colorful draperies, and spices including sugar, which was rare o These were expensive in Europe, since they had to be shipped from the Spice Islands, which was Indonesia, China, and India through ships and camels o Europeans wanted to find a cheaper route to Asia or create other sources of supply o Europeans Enter Africa • Marco Polo, who was an Italian that is considered a discoverer of the New World, told stories about his travels in China when he came back to Europe in 1295 • He wrote a book that included details of pearl and pagodas, which created more European interest in finding a less expensive way to the East • Portuguese mariners overcame the issue of northerly winds and south-flowing currents around the coast of West Africa that the Europeans would not
This example demonstrates the importance of religion in everyday life, as the Holy Office had jurisdiction over Spaniards’ religious affairs. Also, Spain’s monarchs justified their expansionism through religious terms, as seen in Columbus’ case. Columbus traveled to and from the Americas, four
This shows that not everybody believes that Christianity is so great. In Nathan’s head Christianity brings justice to the Congo but to the Congolese, Christianity only brings more injustice to them. Nevertheless Nathan’s ignores their thoughts and beliefs and continues to try to force Christianity on
Analysis of Abina Mansah v. Quimina Eddoo As argued by Olaudah Equiano, “I doubt not, if a system of commerce was established in Africa, the demand for manufactures would rapidly augment, as the native inhabitants would insensibly adopt the British fashions, manners, customs, etc.” (pg 181, WTWA). Equiano’s vision for a British Africa drove the colonization of West Africa and the creation of new plantations. In this new colony, there was the continued use of slavery until its abolishment by the Victorian empire. To a society who has always seen the value of using slave labor, the abolishment of slavery meant the complete change of their lives.
There was created a circle Europe provided Africa by manufactured goods; from Africa to America were trafficking slaves; and Europe gave raw materials from America. The slave trip across the Atlantic Ocean was called “Middle Passage“. Typically to cross Atlantic took 60-90 days but sometimes it take four months. People were suffered from hunger and diseases. A lot of people died in the way to the ship.