The process repeated again after adding suitable amount of water to the soil in an increasing order. The optimum moisture content was 14% 3.3 Soil Classification In the Indian Standard Classification System, classification of soil is done on the basis of their gradation characteristics and using Plasticity Index. Coarse grained soils that consist of more than 12% fines are classified as Silty Gravel or Silty sand if the fines are silty in character (i.e. it lies below the A-Line); They are classified as Clayey Gravel or Clayey sand if fines are clayey in character (i.e. the limits plot above the A-line on the Plasticity chart.
Make top of the specimen flat and level. Place a porous stone on top of specimen level surface. Stop applying vacuum. d. Take a representative sample of the soil for moisture content determination, w e. Now place the loading cap on top of the porous stone. Roll up the top of the membrane to partly cover the sides of the loading cap and then install an O-ring over the membrane so that the membrane is tightly sealed between the O-ring and the loading
The resistivity of water muds is measured and controlled, whenever desired to permit better evaluation of formation properties from electrical logs. Measurements of the resistivity of water muds, filtrates and filter cakes are routinely applied in electrical logging. Resistivity measurement provides a rapid means of detecting soluble salts in barite and in waters, such as makeup or produced waters. The resistivity meter is a portable measuring device designed to give an accurate measurement of the resistivity of a small sample expressed in ohm-meters. The ohm-meter reading may be converted into parts per million (ppm) using the nomograph provided.
From dilutions 10-4 to 10-6 , 0.1 ml of each sample was spread onto nutrient agar plates containing 0.0016% (w/v) sodium azide and were kept for incubation at 37ºC for 24-48 hrs. The colonies showing the morphological characters like small, pin point, circular, translucent, convex and moist were selected. Each of selected colonies was cultured on to blood agar plates and pike streptococcal agar plates. The purity of the selected isolates was assured and the strains showing hemolysis on blood agar plates and gram positive cocci in chains were selected for
COMPACTION 5. UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH All these are laboratory test which conduct on soil sample individually or with combination of soil with chemicals, the percentage of used during testing is 3%, 7%, 10% of lime and 8%, 12% 16%, of sodium hydroxide. Chemical stabilizer is used for mixing of chemicals with soil in fine proportions so that during testing chemicals should be thoroughly mixed with soil as these chemicals are available in powder form or in chips form which are not easily mixed. The table shows the value of clayey soil sample of the above test: Table 1: Details of soil sample PHYSICAL PROPERTIES VALUE GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION GRAVEL SAND SILT +
Methods 1.1 Harvest and Fix Spheroids The following steps are used to harvest and fix spheroids: 1. Place a pipette tip near the bottom of the well of a spheroid-containing 96-well plate and aspirate both the medium supernatant and spheroids. Be careful to avoid touching the tip to the bottom of the well to prevent crushing the spheroids in the bottom. 2. Pipette the spheroids into a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube.
They are basic aggregate-asphalt emulsion mixes. To determine the grade and percent of emulsion used, as well as the workability, stability, strength and moisture susceptibility mix designs are required. Mixes are designed for purpose (construction) and climate. 5.2. Design of cold mix Parameters like, source of aggregate, curing condition and curing time etc.
Three different methods of compacting mortar with the calibrated container which should have a volume of approximately one liter are given are in the BS Standard. The method to be used depends upon the consistency of the fresh mortar as determined by the flow table test. In this paper, all the mixtures achieved a flow table value of 155 mm, the flow table value of 155± 10 mm indicating plastic mixtures. The results for the bulk density of fresh mortar with use second method for all mortars are shown in Fig. 6.
The amount of fiber is varies from 0.25% to 0.75% of the dry weight of the peats. From Figure 4.4 it shows, maximum dry density of peat-cement mixture is 0.597 Mg/m3 with optimum moisture content 76.24%. 0.25% addition of fiber into the peat-cement mixture shows the highest maximum dry density which is 0.597 Mg/m3 with optimum moisture content 76%. This is followed by inclusion of 0.5% fiber and 0.75% fiber into the peat-cement mixture. The maximum dry density is 0.583 Mg/m3 and 0.582 Mg/m3 with optimum moisture content of the mixture are 78% and
There are two kinds of roughing filter- horizontal and vertical. In the study conducted by Nkwonta (2010) entitled “A comparison of horizontal roughing filters and vertical roughing filters in wastewater treatment using gravel as a filter media,” the efficiency of vertical and horizontal filters were