Paper Chromatography Lab Report

It is to prevent the cell from washing away during the staining and washing process. Then, it is air dried and followed by fixing it with flame from Bunsen burner. After fixing the smear, it must be stained using Gram staining solution, firstly crystal violet solution was flood onto it, and allowed for 1 minute, then wash off with tap water. Then, flood the slide with iodine solution for 1 minute and wash it off with tap water again. The formation of a dye-iodine complex will occur in the cytoplasm.

Introductory Questions Define SPE and explain the role of each of the steps used to prepare the SPE cartridge for the isolation of the analyte. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is an extraction method that uses a liquid and solid phase to isolate a single analyte or a specific type of analyte from a solution. It is usually used to clean up a sample before using a chromatographic or other analytical method to quantify the amount of analyte(s) in the sample.

After allowing the spots to dry, the plate was placed in the developing jar and allowed to develop. The TLC setup is shown in Figure 2. Once the solvent front reached a considerable distance, the plate was removed from the jar,

Introduction The purpose of this experiment was to identify the composition of over-the-counter analgesics by the method of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The TLC method is used for rapid qualitative analysis of mixtures to determine and identify its components and purity. A development solvent was used to separate the analgesics found in both the known drug sample and an unknown sample of over-the-counter medications. The pertinent techniques for this experiment are spotting the stationary phase with the samples, placement of stationary sample in mobile phase chamber for development, observation under a UV light, and further development in iodine chamber. Experimental Scheme Figure 1 Figure 2 Anacin Salicylamide Procedure 12 micropipettes were prepared in lab by heating the middle of capillary tubes over a flame.

Fat in chips: • First we wieghed out 10 g of crushed chips • We then put them in a beaker • Next we poured 50ml of pentane on it • We mixed them with a spatula • We then filtered the mixture through a funnel and glass wool to get rid of the chips (into a florence flask) • Before the destillation process we measured the florence flask and the cork ring • Through the destillation process we managed to separate the pentane and the oil • We weighed the oil with the flask and the cork ring and subtracted the mass of the flask and cork ring to get the mass of oil • We then recorded our results Salt in popcorn: • We again weighed out 10 g, but of crushed popcorn this time • Which we put into a beaker ( which we had already weighed beforehand)

The sample was transferred to a 250 ml conical flask kept in water bath for alkali treatment. 75 ml of 17.5% caustic soda was measured using a measuring cylinder at 20°C. 15 ml of 17.5% NaOH was added and fibres were macerated gently with a flattened glass rod for 1 minute. 10 ml more NaOH was added and the solution was mixed for 45 seconds. 10 ml NaOH was again added and mixed for 15 seconds to make lump free slurry.

You must first test the pH level of the amylase and starch solution using pH test strips, so that the experiment may be fair m. Then measure 3cm3 of amylase solution using the measuring cylinder, the pour it into the test tubes labeled A1-A5 n. Do the same for the starch solution but pour into the test tubes labeled S1-S5 o. Put test tubes A1 and S1 into the beaker labeled “cold water” p. Put test tubes A2 and S2 into the beaker labeled “normal water” q. Put test tubes A3 and S3 into the beaker labeled “warm water” r. Put test tubes A4 and S4 into the beaker labeled “very warm water” s. Put test tubes A5 and S5 into the beaker labeled “hot water” t. Mix the amylase solution with the starch solution when both are at the same temperature in each beakers (pour the amylase solution into the starch solution) u. Quickly add 3 drops of iodine solution into all 5 mixed amylase and starch solutions, while starting the stopwatch for each (should be 5 separate

This experiment was done by using a mandarin orange. First, a mandarin orange was peeled off and squeezed to get 30ml of its juice in a beaker. Next, the juice was diluted with distilled water to get a measured volume of 50ml solution. After dilution, the solution was transferred into a 100ml Erlenmeyer flask. As it was done in the Experiment A, 20 drops of 0.2 M acetic acid and 10 drops of 2% starch solution was mixed well with the juice solution.

What pH range is required for jams to set or gel? Pectin causes the jelly or jam to set and the bonds that it creates resulting in a gel are strongest at a pH of 2-8 to 3.2 (Herbstreith & Fox n.d.). 3. Why are moulds a problem in jams and jellies? The air within the jam jar

The absorbance of the mixture was measured at 30s (A1), 5min and 6min intervals. The value A2 was obtained by averaging the values of the 5th and 6th minute. b. Urea 750 ml of urea reagent 1 and 450ml of urea reagent 2 was pipetted into the same 1ml cuvette. Following that, 12ml of patient's sample was transferred into the cuvette. The absorbance of the mixture was measured at 30s (A1), 5min and 6min intervals.