Labeling Theory

Steven Avery was born July 9, 1962. Avery is an American convict from Wisconsin. When Avery was 18-years-old, he pleaded guilty to burglary and received a 10 month prison sentence. Two years later, Avery and another man were convicted of animal cruelty after burning Avery’s cat alive (Fuller, 2016). They covered the cat in engine oil and then tossed it into the fire.

2014. Criminological Theory. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education inc. Rengifo, Andres F 2009.

An American writer, Herbert Packer, identified two ends of a spectrum of possible approaches to criminal justice. On one side, there is crime control, with the main goal being the repression of criminal conduct. This model focuses on efficiency and strictness of punishments as the means of maintaining general regard for the criminal law. Wrongdoers would fear potential consequences of their acts which could result in general decrease in crime. However, this approach poses certain problems.

While a few theories are not as regular, others have developed and are utilized as a part of numerous criminal reviews today. Cutting edge criminologists consolidate the most important aspects of sociology, psychology, anthropology, and biological theories to advance their comprehension of criminal behavior. Rational choice theory, psychological, biological, and strain theory are used to analyze the

The benefit of labeling individuals with a psychological disorder would be letting the patient know about their health situation. It is important for a psychological disorder patient to be aware of their condition, so they can seek help early and begin their treatments. The patient who acknowledges their condition will pay more attention to their actions. They will less likely to act recklessly in the public and avoid hurting themselves or other people around them.

In “ The Breakfast Club” five high school students have to go to a Saturday detention for eight hours. Each student is from a different social group, or clique. You have the “brain,” the “athlete,” the “basketcase,” the “princess,” and the “criminal.” Although they are not the same and come from different groups, we soon realize that they are it may not seem that way at first, but as time goes by in their dentition, they all begin to realize they really are not different after all and start to recognize traits they share with each other. The criminal.

First, "Once someone has been successfully labelled as criminal or deviant, the label attached may become the dominant label or 'master status' which is seen as more important than all the other aspects of the person" (historylearningsite.com,p1). Today, and not too long ago people have viewed terrorist people that look Muslim as wrong in every way as bad even if a citizen in America. People don't care, it's better to be safe then sorry it The term used by some people. Second, "labelling can also mold the way someone behaves in their lives, especially if they cannot shake off that label" (historylearningsite.com,p1).

Historical and intellectual background of theory While there are many criminological theories, a theory most interesting would be general strain theory. General strain theory has been revised by multiple different theorists. Robert Agnew’s version of general strain theory discusses strain specifically in individuals.

Labeling Theory In general, labeling theorist focus on how and why certain acts are defined as criminal. Under labeling theory, nit everyone who commits an offense is punished for it. Becker (1963) stated that social groups create deviance by creating the rules whose infraction constitutes deviance and by applying those rules to particular people and labeling as outsiders. As a result, once a certain label is placed on an individual, he or she eventually accept the label as personal identity.

Criminology has influenced society to better understand crime and criminals. According to several sociology experts, criminology is “reflected in intensive legislative activity and policy reforms” (Sebba, 2013), Most importantly, this type of research has been proactive in helping the criminal justice system better understand crime in juveniles. This has led to the process of determining the correct punishment and/or treatment for those commit criminal acts. Criminology is the scientific study of the causation, correction, and prevention of crime.

Labeling theory focuses on the stigmatization that can be associated with a criminal offender. The offender brought to be defined by the community after it is made aware of the person’s criminality. Also, the offender is also psychologically inclined to view himself in a negative manner once he has been penalized for breaking the law. Labeling theory is a form of social reaction theory, which places an emphasis on the social pressure that is held against a person who exercises deviant behavior.

The social learning theory for instance shows Manson leant deviance in his early childhood from his mother, who was incarcerated when he was five. This implicates the environmental control and that of close persons. It depicts that behavior modification can be achieved through enhancing the social environment for criminals. The social conflict theory explains that individuals engage in crime when the legal system, which is under the control of the wealthy, identifies their acts as being unlawful (Lionell & Rawlins, 2005) Labeling theory

Revision of Chapter 2: Pages 4-8 In most criminology theories there are determinate differences that drive juvenile delinquency that ideologies have tried to explain. One such approach to criminal behavior was explained through the Classical School of Criminology (Curran & Renzetti, 2001). It is explained that there is common factor among individuals when it comes to the motivation of committing crime (Nofziger, 2001). It i8s believed that people are rational and intelligent and exercise free will and calculate the benefits and costs of every act (Curran & Renzetti, 2001).

responsibility of the individual committing or partaking in the crime. Though this is a common thought it is simply untrue because it eliminates many of the social and environmental factors that encourage deviant behavior. The truth is, society plays a significant role in whether or not deviant behavior stops or continues for a specific individual who has already committed a crime. Ideas and concepts under the Labeling theories emphasis society’s roles and states that, “efforts [of] social control (…) ultimately trigger processes that trap individuals in criminal careers” (Cullen, Agnew & Wilcox 2014). Essentially, society forces invasive labels and social reactions that then cause many Individuals with criminal past to create self-fulfilling

There are many different modes of criminological thinking and two of those are Cultural criminology and administrative criminology. Both of these concepts are vastly different to each other which Mike Presdee delves into in Cultural Criminology: The long and winding road (2004). According to Presdee (2004), administrative criminology “denies and rejects the importance of culture and lived experience in the commission of crime, preferring instead to concentrate on the pseudo-scientific analysis of criminal behaviour” (Presdee, 2004:276). Administrative criminology has been fabricated as overdetermined descriptive criminology which is disconnected from any sort of social or human interaction.