THE ISSUE OF LABOUR MIGRATION IN INDONESIA
Introduction
Indonesia is the largest island-country in the world, which has more than 17.000 islands. There are about 260 million people live in Indonesia. As the largest island-country, Indonesia has many tribes, cultures, local languages, and religions. Therefore, the one who unites them is the principal and foundation of the country, which is the Pancasila (Five Principles). This is why Indonesia’s motto is “unity is diversity”. It means that the differences among the people are appreciated and also the people are aware that the differences are not the blocks to live together as one country.
This day, one of many main issues in Indonesia is about labour migration. As we know, migrant workers
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The first one is Law No. 39 of 2004 on the Protection and Placement of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad. As quoted from that law, an Indonesian worker, or commonly known as TKI (Tenaga Kerja Indonesia), is “any Indonesian citizen who is qualified to work abroad in an employment relationship for a specific time with pay”.
Furthermore, it also stated that “in carrying out the placement of an Indonesian worker overseas, there must be a written agreement between the Indonesian government and the government of the state using an Indonesian overseas worker of the destination country. By implement private placement, an Indonesian overseas worker must obtain written permission in SIPPTKI (practice license for Indonesian overseas workers ' placement) from the authorized Minister”.
Regarding to their works, there is also a protection which is guaranteed by Indonesian government. It is stated in the law, “[T]he government is responsible to protect an Indonesian overseas worker. That means the government must guarantee the security and certainty of legal protection for an Indonesian overseas worker located
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First, the illegal Indonesian workers. Most of the workers come from the remote places in Indonesia. The recruiting agency comes to their village and promises them the better future by working abroad. Interested by this promise (such as high salary), they decide to work abroad. Unfortunately, the agency deceives them. They are given the false information about the jobs. Their official documents (ID card, passport, family permission) are also falsified by the agency. Finally, we can see that they go abroad as an illegal worker. They are vulnerable workers. As soon as they realize that their documents are falsified, they lose their rights, like the right of getting health care or security from the
Introduction A form of literature using a series of techniques, Poetry evokes meaning like no other form of writing. Poetry in Australia seeks to recall stories and truths through its richness and diversity. The subject of belonging by means of migration is prominent in many poetic works, but none more so than in the pieces created by Bruce Dawe and Peter Skrzynecki. Exploring the same theme, the poems are written from opposite perspectives.
For instance most of the workers start downtown every morning getting picked up as day labors. Without proper identification or legal documentation stating their U.S citizenship does affect their chances of getting a well-paying job. In order to work day labor they have to be willing to wake up daily, five days a week, and work from six in the morning to five in the evening. This sounds difficult to bare but in reality it is the stepping stone to the American dream. For instance, in every job a person has to be willing to get up and go to work.
In the book the Jungle many hardships and obstacles are shown through the life of Jurgis and many others that surround him. Both mentally and physically draining challenges were present for immigrant workers in the gilded age. Not only for men but for women and children as well. Since families of immigrants needed all hands-on deck. The environment they lived in was in many ways harsh as well.
This essay discusses black people in the 1900s and their thoughts on The Great Migration. Slaves had just been emancipated, however 64 years later the struggle for survival didn’t get any easier for them. Blacks in the south was drowning, and barely maintaining. Blacks in the north however, were doing more decent then people in the south. It was easier for northerner to get a job and afford education, southerners on the other hand could not, and in fact they work more in fight to live than survive.
Sweatshops are good for poor nations in the sense that they allow people who have no job at all a chance to earn money. There are many people who rely on the income that these jobs provide for their families to be able to buy food and water and other esstentials to basic living. These jobs may not be ideal, but they are better then other jobs that these poor nations may offer. Using Bangeledesh as an example, 60% of the nation was in poverty before sweatshops moved there in the 1990s. Now that number has been reduced to 30%, which is a big improvement for the population that lives there.
This core lecture explained the endurance and hardships of immigrants coming to the United States. Different cultures migrating to the United States envision it as a state of “opportunities.” Their native state may have poor living conditions, low economy, and issues within the community. It is unsuitable for them to live, so they migrate to the United States to seek for improved economy and wellbeing. Once they migrate, they encounter many barriers to the new society they are exposed to.
Jason J. Park Mr. Zak Zerby English 319 12 March 2023 The Plight of Immigrant Workers The plight of immigrants in the United States accumulates to decades of struggle and oppression; racism and unfair practices have degraded the quality of immigrant lives throughout US history. In the public sphere, these immigrants are most impacted by the workplace, since the majority of immigrants come to the United States to find jobs. Known for his meticulous research, Upton Sinclair was widely praised for his work that exposed social injustice.
The Great Migration occurred between 1915 and the year 1970, and it involved the migration of over 6 million African Americans from South cities to the North of the country. The Great Migration resulted into what can be described as a shift in massive demographic shifts across the United States. It is, in fact, important to understand that indeed between the year 1910 and the year 1930, cities such as Chicago, Cleveland, New York and Detroit experienced growth populations by about 40% (Lakova 28). Further, it is critical to understand that the number of African-Americans that were employed in industries doubled. Black Americans were trying to escape racism and Jim Crow laws that existed in the South.
Hours are long. Wages are pitiful. But sweatshops are the symptom, not the cause, of shocking global poverty. (Tim Harford). When deciding whether or not to buy a new piece of clothing, people often pay more attention to the brand, the cut, the fabric, the quality, and the price.
Once an applicant gained access to this organization they stay over there for a reasonable amount of time, saving companies loads of money that would have been spent on training new employees in the case that an old employee left the organization. Limitations Expensive The recruitment imposes extra cost to the company in the sense that it requires an extra cost for vacancy announcement, arrangement for employment office, etc. Loads of money is spent into hiring a new employee and training him upto a standard that is required for the organization.
Clearly, upon their arrival, immigrants earn less than natives of equal attributes. Earnings assimilation refers to the earnings growth rate of immigrants in later years at destination above and beyond the growth rate experienced by natives of similar measured characteristics. Recent immigrants suffer from language difficulties, lack of social networks, and only partial information on the new labor market. The skills acquired in the source country are often not perfectly transferable to the destination country. The transferability of immigrants’ skills is related to the source country from which they arrive.
Placing Indonesia's national security as a national
The main reason for labor migration are variations in wages between the sending country and a receiving country. Basically, if the wage differences are eliminated it will end international
Industries that demand cheap labour, such as agriculture, fisheries, manufacturing and construction, encourage migration of unskilled workers. In the absence of standards to protect their human rights, migrants become particularly vulnerable to
Even though the remittances represent an important economic benefit, the migration of people deprives the society of the gains associated with educated manpower. The current phenomenon available is of the "educated unemployed" which represents an important migration push factor to the