Lacrimal System Essay

Sinusitis alludes to swelling and aggravation of the sinus layers. The sinuses are empty pits through which air passes. There are four sets of sinuses situated inside of the facial bones and the skull. The frontal sinuses are situated over the eyes, the maxillary sinuses are situated inside of the cheekbones, the ethmoid sinuses are situated behind the nose span and the sphenoid sinuses are situated in the upper part of the nose, behind the eyes. The sinuses are associated with the nose. There is a trade of air and bodily fluid between the sinuses and the nose. There is a covering of bodily fluid layer that interfaces the sinuses and nasal sections. Any kind of disease of irritation in the nose additionally influences the sinuses. At the point when there is blockage or development

Skin Cancer is 75% most death of cancer in the united states. Skin cancer is mostly made by melanoma. This is the worst skin cancer. It is caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun and from tanning lamps and beds. It mostly comes to woman instead of men. You can tell you have melanoma when you see a change in an existing mole you have on you. It can form anywhere on your body, but mostly on your back, legs, arms, and face. ( It's mostly there because of the UV radiation of the sun that hits your skin. It's mostly also grows on the weirdest growth of your skin. Unlikely people less than 20 get melanoma. But that does not mean that they don't get it, it's just very rare. Most likely the people over the age of 60. Melanoma is also a type of tumor. In stage 0 it is a tumor in situ. Then by stage ll, the tumors are huge. At stage II, the tumor attaches to the lymph nodes. If you don’t treat it well it could seriously hurt

- Maintain boundaries, move, respond to environmental changes, take in and digest nutrients, carry out metabolism, dispose of wastes, reproduce themselves, and grow.

As my team and I discovered a new fossil in our excavation project, the unknown site yielded the skull of a mysterious specimen. Our goal as reputable anthropologist was to analyze the specimen to the best of our ability so our team can provide the most probable and reliable taxonomic identification. In order for us to effectively interpret the results our experiment yielded, we needed to review our knowledge in human evolution. The field that uncovers the mystery of the evolution of humans is paleoanthropology, the study of human evolution through the fossil record.

Guillot uses a rhinoplasty as a means to repair a nasal fracture, during a rhinoplasty such as this, his goal is to restore the patient’s nose to its pre-injury state.

You can also have a blood test done or a skull x-ray but CT is the best option (www.stanfordchildrens.org, 2015). The CT scan will show a detailed image of the area of interest and can see it in many different slices which makes it better than general radiography (www.stanfordchildrens.org, 2015). As you can see in the image to the right, it shows normal mastoid air cells on the right side and fluid filled mastoid cells on the left side. This more than likely would not show up on a

Septoplasty, a surgical procedure done to straighten the septum (cartilage through the middle of the nose) in a nose, is a procedure done by an Otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat doctor) for both medical and physical appearance reasons. For medical reasons, Septoplasty is done on patients with a deviated or crooked septum to open their nasal canals for better olfaction (smell) and ultimately an enhancement in respiration (breathing). This procedure is oftentimes a successful procedure for patients; however, there are potential, negative effects that patients should be aware of before braving this procedure. Septoplasty is a surgical procedure that results in potential, negative effects in patients including bruising, inflammation,

Ten pairs of cranial nerves originate in the brain stem continuing to different areas of the face and body. Two pairs of cranial nerves originate in the cerebrum. Cranial nerves travel through specialized holes (foramina) in the skull originated for this purpose. The Abducens nerve offers the precise control needed for specialized movements such as the blink of an eye to a smile resulting from a scant upturning of a lip made possible by the Facial nerve. Damage to any of these 12 specialized nerves can result from trauma, tumors, malformations and disease. Cranial nerves possess either afferent or efferent nerve fibers or both. Afferent neurons convey information to the sensory stimulus in the brain while efferent neurons convey information to muscle

In the open mouth position, the intermediate zone of the disc may be positioned between eminence of the temporal bone and head of condyle at the mouth opening position. Due to relocation of the disc in the TMJ during the opening, it is referred as disc placement with reduction (DDwR) (9,12,83,96). During closing of the mouth, a second clicking sound may be heard, which called reciprocal click. The condyle slips posteriorly on the anteromedial displaced disc and the posterior band of the disc slips forward off the condyle. This may result in excessive loading of joint structures, causing injury and inflammation, and pain in the preauricular area. Since the retrodiscal tissue, which is richly innervated, has been stretched progressively due to the anterior disc displacement, an increasing deep stretch pain can be felt in the affected (67,94,96). It has been shown that people who had joint sounds, but do not have pain or dysfunction never progress to more severe impairments joint (9,67,93). A positive history of joint clicking, popping, snapping, palpation of a reciprocal clicks in 1 of 3 trials, and maximum assisted opening of 40 mm or greater are indicative of DDwR (9,83) (Insert

A-P odontoid/open mouth view: in supine, shows articulation of C1-C2 : width of lateral masses should be = , none or very minimal overhanging of atlas, dens symmetrically between lateral masses of atlas, C2 spinous process in midline

Various surgical procedures include septal rotation flaps 10, inferior turbinate flap 11,12, oral vestibular flap 13, sublabial mucosal flaps 14, nasolabial flaps 14, radial forearm free flaps15, pericranial flaps 16 and tissue expansion 17. Several interposition grafts include temporal muscle fascia 18, septal cartilage 19, nasal turbinate 20, conchal cartilage 21, mastoid bone with periosteum 22 ear tragus cartilage with perichondrium 23 and ethmoid bone and iliac crest and acellular human dermal allograft. 24, 10,

Few studies have addressed the issue of alleviating symptoms of pediatric chronic rhinitis or allergic rhinitis following adenoidectomy alone. There is a retrospective chart review study that was done to determine whether chronic rhinitis in children improves after adenoidectomy and whether children with allergic rhinitis will benefit more than those with non-allergic rhinitis. Charts of 47 children who had undergone adenoidectomy for nasal obstruction and chronic middle ear effusion were reviewed. Allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis subgroups were classified based on symptoms, signs, blood IgE, and nasal smear (allergic criteria). Hypertrophic adenoids were graded using the adenoid-to-nasopharyngeal ratio (ANr >0.8). A questionnaire was used to assess the change in chronic rhinitis postoperatively. Improvement in chronic rhinitis was reported in 37 of 47 (79%) children. Patients with allergic rhinitis improved to a higher extent than those with non-allergic rhinitis (12 of 14 [86%] vs. 25 of 33 [76%], respectively), but the difference was not statistically significant. A total of 41 lateral postoperative nasopharyngeal x-rays were obtained. The x-rays revealed that 20 of 26 (77%) of patients with ANr >0.8 had complete and 4 of 26 (15%) had partial resolution of symptoms of CR for

Fixing Functional Problems: In some cases, male rhinoplasty is also performed to correct issues like deviated septum.

Endochondral ossification is the process in which the embryonic cartilaginous model of most bones, which supplies the longitudinal growth and is slowly replaced by bone. Endochondral ossification allows a growing bone to bare weight during its development. The endochondral process of ossification provides a framework for a more rigid skeletal material.

Human body is composed of eleven systems, where they all contribute together in order for human to survive. However all the systems are important, and the body cannot dispense any of them. Human body requires many factors from the external environment, Oxygen is one of these factors and human body cannot be survived without oxygen. However in this assignment we are going to study the system that is responsible about oxygen supplying to the human body and it is known as the Respiratory system. Beside that Respiratory system does other functions that are important for our bodies.