Language acquirers are not usually conscious of the fact that they are acquiring language, but the aye only aware of the fact that they are using the language for communication. The stages of language acquisition is approached by two stages language acquisition that ; first language acquisition ( native language development ) and second language acquisition. 1. Stages of First Language Acquisition Babling Stage In this stage, we make speech sounds in and out of mother (native) language, moreover we also able to discriminate speech sound. - 0 – 2 months, baby accomplish crying, in this stage baby will cry to express hunger and discomfort.
Compare to the time it takes in adults’ language learning, it is widely believed that children acquire their first language at a much higher speed. There have been a lot of researches concerning this topic. For example, White (2003) discussed about the theoretical problem of first language acquisition from the perspective of universal grammar; Krashen (1982) has proposed five hypothesis concerning principles and practices on the topic of second language acquisition. In order to analyze this topic, it is appropriate to start with children’s first language acquisition. By the comparison and analysis first language acquisition process, we may discover the features of language acquisition as well as the factors that affect the process.
First language acquisition is an interesting chapter. The chapter is talk about the first language formation processes in children. A child that does not hear,or is not allowed to use language will learn no language. In this section about the language acquisition schedule of children. During the first few months of life, the child gradually becomes capable of producing sequences of vowel-like sounds, particularly high vowels similar to [i] and [u].Four months: the first recognizable sounds are described as cooing with velar consonants [k] ; [g].
Research Questions From the literature review, it was established that there were several factors affecting language learning and acquisition. More specifically, it was revealed that factors such as exposure at an early age, motivation, attitudes, incentives and educational system can influence language acquisition. However, most of the research were conducted in the west and were focused on students as subjects to the study and foreigners working in the country where they need to learn the language to lengthen their range of employment opportunity. As the AEC is fast approaching, it was rationalized that it is beneficial to know the English language readiness of the Thai people, especially those directly working with English speaking ASEAN
Introduction In our current world, acquiring and learning languages is very crucial part of our life as it is the process that enables us to communicate with each other. First language is acquired naturally but it is not sufficient in our progressive world where science and technology depend on foreign languages. Therefore, acquiring a second language is demanded to fulfill our needs. Language acquisition is the process or the ability that enables children to acquire their languages (Saville-Troike, 2005). First language acquisition does not necessarily be one language, it can be two or more languages as well.
Also, the capacity of the language is specific. The ability to acquire the languages or the child's first language is independent of intelligence. The acquisition pattern is comparatively orderly across children, different cultures and different languages. Language is acquired rapidity and easily, and without the instruction benefit. Children usually show creativity in their input which they exhibition to gain and acquire.
Any language acquisition is based on how much we listen and read in that given language. Like we acquire our mother tongue through listening and speaking, initially imitating sounds moving on to words and sentences as infants. Reading and writing comes later when we attend school. But second language or foreign language acquisition always begins after a learner goes to school and starts with reading and writing; listening and speaking always take a back seat or rather not present at all. This situation is rather predominant in Arab countries since English is not used anywhere in their day to day affairs.
Vocabulary knowledge is one of the important factors in respect of communicative competence and it’s not much different from second language learning. As Mediha and Enisa (2014) point out, communication cannot take place without having enough vocabulary. Vocabulary learning was considered as a process conducted by explicit memorization. Now, however, there is believe that not all of vocabulary knowledge is explicit; some can be acquired implicitly. And the issue of vocabulary acquisition has gotten a spotlight not only to learners but also to researchers, so that there are substantial studies about vocabulary acquisition.
This is feasible by attending schools in the target country, watching television, listening to radio and reading newspapers in second language. By being actively involved in the learning atmosphere, the learner is always in touch with the target language through normal daily chores. It is extremely vital in second language acquisition to look at the learning environment and investigate if the age factor has any relevant effect. Five phases of Second Language Acquisition are as follows: It is generally believed that the process of second language acquisition takes place in various stages. In order to examine SLA, looking at the five stages of second language acquisition seems inevitable.
Various Theories on English Language Acquisition “How do we acquire languages?” and “Do we acquire a second language the same way as we do our first one?” are questions asked by linguists, psychologists and pedagogues regarding the acquisition of both native and foreign languages. Article’s title specifies English, since it is the most spoken language in the world and there are multiple papers and books about language acquisition written in it, but all the researches have been made regarding any first (and second) language acquisition; yet most of the researchers have used English as basis for examination and comparison. 1. Innateness Hypothesis. According to Noam Chomsky there is a language acquisition device in our brains that allows us to