Late Adulthood Iesha Dean ECPI University Abstract My paper is on late adulthood. I will be discussing the Erikson’s stages of development, from birth to old age, I will also talk about other theories as well, like Piaget and Kohlberg. I chose late adulthood because I plan on working in the nursing home when I finish school. Erikson believe that in order for a person to grow they had to go through all these stages of development. Maslow believe in prioritizing, he believed that you had to meet your basic needs before you could move up to another level. My main focus throughout this paper will be on late adulthood, which is ego integrity versus despair. Keywords: *Erikson, Piaget, Adulthood, Development, Trust, autonomy, Ego integrity, …show more content…
The child will begin to develop a sense of purpose they will begin to expand more. From 6 to 11 years of age you have industry versus inferiority, they strive for recognition and if they feel as if they are not getting any recognition they feel inferior. From 12 to 20 years of age you will have identity versus role of confusion. They start to recognize their identity and they will also start focusing on careers. If they feel like they are not getting any support it will result in role confusion. From 20 to 3you will have intimacy versus isolation. During this time they focus more on relationships and if they have failed relationships it will cause them to become isolated. From 30 to 65 you have generativity versus stagnation. They look back on their accomplishments they also become involved with the community. Stagnation occurs when they are not concerned with their welfare. From 65 and over you have ego integrity versus despair. During this time they look back on their lives and are proud of the accomplishments they have made. Despair is when they are not satisfied with their choices in life and wish that they could have done something …show more content…
Erikson believes that in order to grow you have to go through the stages of development. This is why Erikson’s stages of growth and development is so important to me. Throughout this class I have learned about the different theories of development. Erikson’s theory has helped me to understand the different stages that we have to go through in order to grow. The different stages are trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. role confusion, intimacy vs. isolation, generativity vs. stagnation and ego integrity vs. despair. In this class I have also learned about Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs. These needs include Physiologic, like your air, food and water. Then you have safety, which is the need for you to be secure. They must have this need secured in the home before going out into a large environment. The next level is love and belonging. They have to feel love and accepted before entering any relationship. Another level is self-esteem. These people have to feel good about themselves. The last level is
According to Shaffer (2009), Erikson believed that human beings face eight major crises, or conflicts, during the course of their lives. Each conflict has its own time for emerging, as dictated by both biological maturation and the social demands that developing people experience at particular points in life (p.42). Every age someone deals with tells a story in their lifetime. There are eight stages in the Erikson’s stages.
“As with Erikson’s stages of early and middle adulthood, other theorists have clarified and refined his vision of late adulthood, specifying the tasks and thought processes that contribute to a sense of ego integrity. All agree that optimal development involves greater integration and deepening of the personality” (Berk, 2014, p604). “Ego differentiation means for those who invested heavily in their career, finding other ways to affirm self-worth-through family, friendship, and community life” (Berk, 2014, p604). As people age, they want to show other people that they still have self-worth. Although their strength and beauty disappeared, and they may not make a lot of money anymore, however, these people has a lot of legacy that can pass on
Erik Erikson’s stage of psychosocial cognition describes the eight stages of a developing human being and how they should go through their lifecycle. The individuality stage meets and then describes the challenges that an individual would experience. I will try to explain how Forrest Gump will relate to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development assumption. Forrest Gump perceive many motions as he developed throughout his life. We often coin these changes that Erikson mentions in this movie.
Encouragement from younger individuals allow the older individual to leave this stage with self-worth and grace. This is the time for individuals in this
After an examination of Erik Erikson and Daniel Levinson’s theories at first sight not much is alike, since the stages both differ, but digging deeper in Erikson's and Levinson’s theories have similar ideas in social development; after all, these two studies differ in the outcome. Erik erikson's theories have a greater underlining on child-adolescent development, he believes that early development of a child is the foundation and is the greatest impact on a person's identity and personality later on in life. Erikson presents the stages from childhood to adulthood, but in his theory the only significant development is during childhood, which is the problem, since an individual goes through life experiences throughout life they may have a great impact as an adult too. On the other hand Daniel Levinson’s theory signifies changes throughout all of life's experiences, from childhood to adulthood and continuing. Levinson’s theory believes that we adapt ad we let go of certain things as we move on in life and move from one stage to another.
Contents Abstract 2 Introduction to Lifespan Development 3 Theories 5 Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory – Early Middle Age (30 years to 50 years) 5 Schaie’s Cognitive Development Theory - Early Middle Age (30 years to 50 years) 8 Physical Development – Early Middle Age (30 years to 50 years) 12 Transition Interview 15 Interview Analysis 16 Erikson’s Point of View 16 Schaie’s Point of View 17 Physical Development’s Point of View 18 Closure 19 Appendix 20 References 21
Erikson was highly influenced by Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory of Development. Although, at first Freud was limited to childhood based on the phallic stage, Erikson focused on developing a lifespan theory. The eight stages are as followed: Trust vs. Mistrust (infancy): The basic and fundamental psychological task is for infants to develop a sense that their needs will be met by the outside world. Is their caregiver responsive, reliable, and willing to meet their needs? That basic trust is facilitated by a responsive caregiver once an infant gets hungry, injured, or needs to be changed.
Erikson concentrates on stages where an "individual confronts a major challenge or crisis" (Boles et al., 2011, p.107). He proposed that a person encounters every stage at an inexact age and should resolve every stage keeping in mind the end goal to grow legitimately has appeared in figure 2 (pg.9) above. Erikson conjectured that "“If crises are not resolved positively at particular points in the life span that later problems will ensue”
Theories of late adulthood development are quite diverse in later adulthood than at any other age. They include self-theory, identity theory and stratification theory. The self-theory tries to explain the core self and search to maintain one’s integrity and identity. The older adults tend to integrate and incorporate their various experiences with their vision and mission for their respective community (Berger, 2008). Also, the older people tend to feel that their attitude, personalities and beliefs have remained in a stable state over their lives even as they acknowledge that physical changes have taken place in their bodies.
Erikson’s psychosocial stages of human development provide a comprehensive developmental account of an individual’s life span. In particular, the research at hand puts special premium on the situations shaping and confronting middle adulthood. Though popular, few studies have used Erikson’s theory in examining how older adults go through life changes across their life span with emphasis on the physical and mental health aspects (Perry, Hassevoort, Ruggiano & Shtompei, 2015). The study takes on the expanded model of generativity versus stage that added seven psychosocial conflicts aimed to provide more breadth to the cental crisis confronting such stage.
The life span of an individual goes through developmental stages in life, from conception to death. The majority of the stages we pass are biological, socio-economical and psychological birth rights. This essay will focus on the two stages, drawn from the eight stages of Erikson Theory, namely: Trust vs Mistrust and Generativity vs Stagnation. The essay will further discuss authoritative parenting and attachment styles. The eight stages which a healthy person should undergo from infancy to late adulthood, are built on the success of mastering the previous stage.
Men develop deeper voices and women develop physical features that were not present before adulthood. Another development that comes along with early adulthood is the stress that begins to develop on another level. The decisions that are made become increasingly difficult.
Late Adulthood is the stage of the human life cycle where an individual nears the end of their life. The life expectancy in the United States has slowly increased over the years therefore allowed many to further analyze the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development during late adulthood. The stage of late adulthood has been emphasized by ageism and the stereotypical "old" person but, will be further educated by the normative development of the life cycle of late adulthood. For the “old” experience dramatic changes in their development as they face loss, death, and illness.
Those who are missing this level could fall victim to several dangerous behaviors. Next, the fourth level focuses on esteem and having other people’s respect. Finally, the last level is self-actualization (Taormina & Gao 156). Self-actualization refers to fulfilling ones goals and improving oneself to reach a point of happiness (Textbook 44). Thus, the main ideas of Maslow’s theory are commonly placed into a pyramid to represent the reaching of each
The eighth and final stage in Erikson’s theory of development ranges from the age of 65 years and onward (late adulthood). Since those who are in this stage are 65-years-old or older, they are typically retired so they are at a time in their lives where they are starting to look back on their lives and on the choices they have made (Engler, 2014). This is the time when they begin to ponder about whether or not they are satisfied with how they have lived their lives or if they have any regrets while they are “preparing for the inevitableness of death” (Goodcase & Love, 2017). This stage asks the questions, “What have I done with my life? What are my regrets?