Gregor Mendel's Alleles: Garden Pea Plants

With the exception of Ribosomes, bacteria do not have cell bodies. Bacteria are very quick to reproduce; for example, the most studied one E. coli can in favorable circumstances divide every 20 minutes. Thanks to its rapid ability to divide, bacteria are very quick to adapt to changing living conditions. Although the structure is simple, their metabolites may be highly developed and specialized. Thus, the bacteria can use virtually any organic structure.

3.1 The isolation of Aeromonas from several pond waters, healthy fish, and infected fish The isolate of A. hydrophila grown for 24 hours at 37C on Rimler-Shoots+novobiocin medium should show bright yellow color with white edge. Figure 1 shows the control of isolate A. hydrophila ATCC 7699 grown on RS+novobiocin medium. Isolate selection on RS medium resulted in 95 isolates, presumed to be A. hydrophila, which would run the phenospecies test (morphology and biochemistry), based on the protocol of SNI 7303 (2009), plus one control isolate the A. hydrophila ATCC 7699 obtained from Microbiologic Co. Figure 1. The Isolate of A. hydrophila ATCC 7699 Grown on the Rimler-Shoots Agar Medium + Antibiotic Novobiocin at 37C for 24 Hours 3.2 The

It is commonly known as the beef tapeworm or cattle tapeworm owing to cows as their intermediate hosts. Humans are the only definitive hosts. Taeniasis is distributed worldwide and is relatively common in areas of Africa, Eastern Europe, America and the Philippines. Eggs are passed in the feces of an infected human through proglottid or a tapeworm segment. They can survive a few months out in the environment.

They are also important decomposers. One example, of a microbial life is the prokaryotes called bacteria. Bacteria that causes disease are called pathogens. The disease is caused by a poison called exotoxin and endotoxin produced by the bacteria. Another microbial life are protist.

Meiosis Introduction Meiosis is a special type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes in daughter cells is reduced to half, as compared to the parent cell. It takes place in diploid cells only, in animals at the time of gamete production while in plants when spores are produced .There are two meiotic divisions. The first meiotic division is the reduction division whereas the second meiotic division is just like mitosis . Meiosis I It is divided into many sub divisions: • Prophase I • Metaphase I • Anaphase I • Telophase I • Prophase I This is very prolonged phase , and it is different from the prophase of mitosis because in this chromosomes behave as homologous pairs. Each diploid cell has two chromosomes of each type, oe member from each parent , because of fusion of male and female gametes .Each chromosome has two chromatids, because chromosomes have been replicated during interphase.

An explanation of Mendel's law of segregation Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk in the 19th century. He experimented with pea plants to try figure out how heredity traits are passed on. He crossed several different types of pea plants with distinctive traits. One example is he crossed a true breeding pea plant with green pod color and a true breeding pea plant with yellow pod color. The resulting generation had an offspring, with a one hundred per cent growth, of pea plants with green pod color.

If the food is served without reheating to kill the bacteria, live bacteria may be consumed. The bacteria then produce a toxin inside the intestines that causes illness.

Even fish grown in contaminated water can convey to humans poisons of factory wastes. Through meat eating, excess cholesterol and other disease-causing poly-saturated fats get into body, (Importantly, saturated fats such as cholesterol are made solely by animals which must not be fed into the body.) Also meat provides fats that may accumulate as baggage of fat deposits in the body. This may cause problems in flexibility, breathing, and general health and

INTRODUCTION A chimera is a single organism made up of genetically different cells. These can be male and female organs, two different blood types and many more. There are two types of chimeras :- 1. Animal chimera 2. Plant chimera Animal chimeras are formed by combining two or more fertilized eggs, whereas, in plant chimeras, the different types of tissues are formed from the same zygote, and the difference is because of mutation during cell division.

Genetic modification proposes an idea such that fruits could be left to ripen on the vine or tree so that they have the flavor, but they will still be firm enough to dispatch without being damaged. Having such fruits would eradicate the need to pick fruits when they are unripe in order to get them to stores before they soften up. This helps to prolong their shelf life in the supermarkets. 4 Negative Consequences of Genetically Modified Food The extensive cultivation of genetically modified food however raises many issues for society and the world as a whole. Some of the issues includes biodiversity issues and the welfare of animals.

In this experiment materials Mendel used peas, also their were 60 generation used. Using peas he start breeding, he was looking for many different traits, such as color, texture, height and many more. Once he have pure breed or true breed he would more likely to run experiment and cross two pure breed. On of the experiment was done by Mendel was crossing Pure breeding green with pure breeding yellow peas. When offspring grow, he found that all the next generation peas were yellow, also known as F1.

Corn started as something farmers grew and planted on their own. That all changed in the 1930’s when hybrid corn was invented. Hybrid means a plant or animal that carries the two traits from its parents, or fertilizers. Hybrid corn can be resistant to disease and also produces a lot of corn. Farmers continue to buy hybrid corn seed from large agribusiness companies to grow on farms for it can be mass produced.

Organic farmers don’t use the harmful pesticides which are the main cause of the loss of bees. If you buy their produce they will be able to keep doing it which allows for them to be able to provide a better environment for the bees that then helps them be able to produce the crops! You can go to local farmers markets and to talk to the farmers about how they grow their produce and you could even ask them how what they do supports biodiversity and bees. You can also use this as a goal for yourself to eat healthier and more

By genetically modifying foods, scientists are able to create products with better nutritional values, flavors, and textures. As stated in “Genetically Modified Foods,” “Regular rice is not very nutritious, so scientists have genetically modified rice plants.” The modified plants produce proteins that give rice additional iron and vitamins. Essentially, there are many benefits when particular crops are altered, which strongly contradicts Hawthorne’s view of scientists. In both “The Birthmark” and “Rappaccini’s Daughter”, scientists attempt to control nature resulting in severe consequences. However, according to many sources individuals involved in biotechnology have produced crops with enhanced nutritional value and flavor.

The whole scientific process that Gregor Mandel took allowed him to discover the connections between cross pollination and their offspring’s, and how the characteristics of the fertilized plants would change in the offspring. In 1866 Mandel then published his work, but it wasn’t ‘rediscovered’ until 1990 and used as the foundation of the field of