the importance of hope, optimism, self-efficacy and resiliency. As per the findings of Luthans and Avolio (2003) the investigation of leader’s influence mediating through the followers work will provide a better understanding to the dynamics of leadership process. Walumbwa, Hartnell and Oke (in press) states that followers’ behavior, performance and their states can be positively
1) Introduction Management and leadership practices are helpful and useful to individual's prosperity and that of our organization. Leadership and management theories concentrate on what qualities recognize and distinguish between leaders and followers in an organisation. Leadership can be characterized as a procedure by which an individual impacts others to accomplish a target and coordinates the organization in a way that makes it more coherent and cohesive. On the off chance that you have the
results in decreased work performance. Contrary to this males can take advantage of the gender stereotypes in their favor as they may not have the characteristics associated to them but may be judged on that basis. For the first case perception and evaluation of managers acts as the moderating variables as whether the management evaluates an employee positively or negatively on his/her performance depends on how they perceive gender stereotypes and how strongly they evaluate the employees on its basis
subordinates depend on the guidance and inspiration of the leaders(Yukl, 1998). This unique feature of transformational leadership increases the dependance of subordinates on leaders(Conger and Kanungo, 1998), decreases the motivation of subordinates(Porter and Bigley, 2003), and ultimately may lead to a sense of loss(Shamir, 1991). Third, according to the disruptive leadership perspective(Einarsen et al., 2007), supervisors may encourage subordinates to do unethical behaviors and thus can cause
perceive effective leadership as a combination of controlled violence, cruelty, and extrajudicial killings. Some political philosophers, such as Niccolo Machiavelli, believe in necessary brutality and the capacity of a ruler to act in an entirely self-serving way. Throughout “The Prince,” for example, Machiavelli makes numerous claims about perfect governance that strike the ruler as unnecessarily cruel or harsh. Other scholars, such as Las Casas believe that effective leadership refrains from any
The term contingency as utilised as a part of contingency theory is indistinguishable to its utilisation in direct practice and it is a relationship between two marvels. On the off chance, that one phenomenon exists, and then a conclusion can be drawn about another phenomenon. Scholars (Golden Pryor & Taneja, 2010; Spender & Kijne, 2012) clarified that this hypothesis demonstrates the most suitable hierarchical structure depends on the authoritative targets as well as on the circumstance, which incorporates
organizational change: The impact of followers' disposition toward change & supervisors' leadership style. Summary: Organizational changes often fail because of employee resistance to change. Some employees are more dispositional change resistant than others. Positive results were noticed when the leader-member exchange theory was used. The theory suggests that employees are more motivated by transactional leadership style as opposed to other styles. An unexpected interaction effect was discovered
performance of barber shop is difference with each other, some shops earn more money. Hence, what drive university’s barber shop have different outcome, if the theory
In subsequent developments, contemporary theories of motivation (including above Self Determination Theory) try to contribute in a different previous approaches. As part of six mini theories of SDT, basic assumption of the Cognitive Evaluation Theory have proposition which is different with Maslow’s theory that lower-order need theory need to be fulfilled firstly, than higher order needs. In CET, it is simply saying that people are interested in, and enjoy, what they are doing. In social psychological
and provides the experience of psychological wellbeing. According to Diener and Diener (1995) psychological wellbeing is a person’s evaluative reaction to his/ her satisfaction, “cognitive evaluation or effect”, “ongoing emotional reactions”. However, psychological wellbeing is the experience out of one’s evaluation of oneself in the context of psychosocial and environmental conditions. Therefore, it is to say that psychological wellbeing refers to how people evaluate their lives, though meaning of