Line Intercept Method
Brendalyn Basilan, Camille Yvonne Cubar, Kristilynn Saavedra, Carmen Sophia Rubia
Introduction The simplest of all ecological sampling techniques, the line-intercept method is usually used by field researchers in determining vegetation composition, cover, and frequency of a study area. This is administered using a long transect line or tape measure starting from a determined fix point or at the visible boundary of a habitat and runs horizontally across the area. Line-intercept method is actually in line with statistics because it is a method of sampling elements in a region where particles or in this case the plants are sampled if a chosen line segment called the “transect”, transects the plant (Kaiser, 1983). Since
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In this method, one takes a manageable area of known size and identifies, counts, and usually measures all individuals contained within it. This sampling procedure is then repeated (i.e., “replicated”) for a number of plots to obtain an adequate representation of the …show more content…
The unknowns are assigned with proper labels and photographs. Plants that touches or within half an inch radius from the line are the only ones included. Overlying canopy and other plants above the forest floor that are directly above or still within the half an inch radius from the transect line is also included. We recorded in centimeters the exact start and end point of each plant species relative to the transect line. When the same plant species have several patches across the length of the transect line, the start and end point of each patch are noted and put it under the same plant species in the data sheet. When there are no vegetation containing in the area of the line, item/s or objects occupying that space are to be named (e.g. soil, rock, litter, etc.). After recording all the plant cover from starting point up to the end of the line and the number of patches per plant species, total cover of each plant species in each transect line are combined. Plant species are classified according to the plant-life form classification by the
Introduction The purpose of this report is to summarize what our team, the Fig Neutrons, did for the final project of ECE160. For the project we used an Arduino Sparkfun Kit to build a Simon says game with multiple game modes that would display several different game statistics on an LCD screen. The work the team has done includes Charlieplexing LEDs and including code for implementing the LEDs, writing code for a reverse Simon game. We also had to make the game play a different song than the one provided, and write code for the LCD to display wins, losses, game length, and the number of games played.
1. 31 counties, 2551652 is total 2010 population, Washington county in Arkansas has largest area of 956.1 square miles 2. New York has largest number of African Americans, District of Columbia (DC) has largest percen tage of African Americans 3. Middle Atlantic has 3014385 4. - FIPS code is the field that can use to join table with dating table.
2.4 Issues of concern including, children 's needs, harms, risk and protective factors Issues of concern, children’s needs, harms, risks and protective factors in this case study are illustrated in this section through the use of social work knowledge, theories and values. The children’s needs can be assessed through the use of The Barker and Hodes Common Assessment Framework (CAF). This tool provides a nationally standardised approach to assessing children and young person’s in need and deciding how the needs should be met. The CAF focuses on three areas including developmental needs, parenting capacity and family and environmental factors (Barker & Hodes, 2007). It also takes into account the parent’s ability and willingness to take responsibility and work with professionals to achieve change.
Since the advent of the personal computer, the amount of information and interconnectedness between people has dramatically increased. With one click of a button someone could go from checking the scores of their favorite football team to conversing with a friend anywhere in the world. In “Is Google Making Us Stupid” by Nicholas Carr, he explores the consequences of the massive amounts of information one can obtain via the internet. While I agree with Carr on the effects the internet has on how people read, there is a limit to the amount of people the internet actually affects.
In Amy Tan’s short story, Two Kinds, there are not just two kinds of conflict but many.. These include; American versus Chinese cultural differences, a parent’s wishes versus a child’s wants, and the pursuit of material success versus personal contentment. However, the most obvious is the conflict between Jing-mei and her unnamed mother’s personalities. Jing-mei is a young Chinese-American grade school girl with a modern independence. Her mother on the other hand, is a old-world Chinese immigrant who left everything behind in order to make a better life for herself and her only child.
The Kennesaw State Arboretum is spilt from an upslope and a downslope which was examined to seeing the difference in age and size of the hardwood and pine trees. The variation of age and size can be due to changes in the progressive changes in the tree species over time. This was tested by measuring pine and hardwood trees in 2 different areas of the forest, upslope and downslope, collecting tree data with at least 25cm circumference and 10 ft. tall in 5 different plots of 100 m2. The data describes the hypothesis that if the upslope and downslope parts of the forest differ in age, then the size of the eldest hardwood trees of the upslope and downslope will differ. If the upslope and downslope parts of the forest are different ages, then the forest will differ in proportion of mature hardwood relative to pine.
Perennials are plants that usually live longer than two years. The hypothesis being tested was whether or not perennial life forms can be treated as plant functional groups. The method to determine this was by taking a series of quadrant samples on the White Mountains in Northern California to uncover common species. Eight species were selected for the study to compare ecophysiological differences and maximum photosynthetic capacity between these eight species. Although these species chosen were supposed to illustrate four different ecological life forms and also portray putative plant functional groups, the results depicted no definitive patterns of difference between categories of life forms in the alpine fellfield community.
Throughout the night, Mary dreamt of Bill . Her mind raced through memories from the first time their eyes met, how those sweet blue eyes sparkled when he laughed, and how they were in love and drifted apart. She also remembered 4 years ago, when she had seen him while away on business in Orlando, Florida. She thought it had been destiny at the time, seeing each other thousands of miles away from their original homes and being in the same hotel.
Introduction Plants are a major necessity in the balance of nature, people’s lives, and our terrain. We may not realize it, but plants are the ultimate source of food for almost 95% of the world population so says the National Group of Food. It’s a fact that over 7,000 species of plants are being consumed today. Plants are one of the reasons that we get clean water; as they help regulate the water cycle.