The Tale of Rosie and Others: Feminine Consciousness and Identity Conflict in the Cine-Text “Lipstick Under My Burkha”
Violet McHardy
Research Scholar (Ph.D)
REVA University, Bengaluru
&
Dr. Payel Dutta Chowdhury
Professor & Director
School of Arts and Humanities
REVA University, Bengaluru
ABSTRACT
The agency of patriarchy is deeply rooted in every section of the society irrespective of the border or frame of spatiality or temporality. Modern India despite its high claims of urban modernization is still fighting a lot of independence struggles in the domain of local or domestic politics largely playing on the gender roles in a negative manner. Alankrita Shrivastava slams on the face of patriarchy her debut work of visual or cine narration
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Mary Wollstonecraft who is regarded the godmother of Feminism published one of the first feminist treatises, A Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792), in which she advocated the social and moral equality of the sexes. Since it was just the beginning, the basic requirement was that women take the first step, which in this case was mainly the campaign for the women’s vote. Most of the early feminists were more moderate and conservative than radical or revolutionary. Therefore, they focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality. During the post-Independence period, feminism in Indian English literature was largely a part of the western feminist movement. The freedom struggle brought women out of their homes and into the limelight that eventually opened up new avenues of education, employment opportunities and laws for women’s rights. With the advent of the third wave of Feminism, there was a need to challenge the established identity of the woman. According to Surbhi Sachdeva, “The essence of Feminism has a strong fundamental case intended to mean only that there are excellent reasons for thinking that women suffer from systematic social injustice because of their sex, the proposition is to be regarded as constituting feminism.” (The Financial Express) The subjugation of woman is a central fact of history and it is the main cause of …show more content…
In her washed out cheap white cotton sarees, accompanied by an equally pristine full-sleeved white blouse, a lone black bindi, she is the epitome of the female agony aunt whose only aim in life is to sort out the problems of the people around her. We are introduced to the peeling walls and the dim aangan of the Hawa Manzil where one of the tenants, tries to convince her to sell the manzil so that a mall could be built. Buaji played by Ratna Pathak Shah is deft and quick to reply that it is not for sale, and she continues to move ahead with the days’ activities. Whatever she might be, yet deep inside she is Rosie of the cheap romantic flicks. As the Rosie from the books discovers her sexual love for the prince of her dreams, Usha too removes herself from the hustle and bustle of Bhopal dust-ridden din, the pungency of red chillies drying on the roof, the stench of stale oil from the deep fried samosas, and transports herself into Rosie. When the lights go off during a celebration, she stumbles into Bhaiyaji who appears to show some interest in her, but again who is forced to call her the popular term ‘Buaji’, reminding her of her place in society. Yet Usha meets the prototype of manliness in her swimming teacher, the first person who refuses to call her Buaji, thus giving rise to her dormant sexual urges. Thus, begins the saga of hidden late night talks in the bathroom, flirty chats, a
Mary Wollstonecraft was an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights.
As what Sir James Bentayao once said in our lecture, “The past is a good place to visit but not a good place to stay.” The past of how women are treated should not be the same as of now. Also, being free does not mean that we are totally free. What I am talking about in this paper is not to let women be totally free. What I mean is to let women choose what they really want without hurting or affecting other people.
These four Enlightenment philosophers all had the same main idea. The 17th and 18th centuries were the two centuries of the philosophers. The philosophers hoped to accomplish that nature is an excellent teacher. The philosophers believed careful observation and clear-headed reasoning were necessary to find out the truth of things. Find what the main idea is of the philosophers.
Mary Wollstonecraft’s A vindication of the rights of women written in 1792 can be considered one of the first feminist documents, although the term appeared much later in history. In this essay, Wollstonecraft debates the role of women and their education. Having read different thinkers of the Enlightenment, as Milton, Lord Bacon, Rousseau, John Gregory and others, she finds their points of view interesting and at the same time contrary to values of the Enlightenment when they deal with women’s place. Mary Wollstonecraft uses the ideas of the Enlightenment to demand equal education for men and women. I will mention how ideals of the Enlightenment are used in favor of men but not of women and explain how Wollstonecraft support her “vindication” of the rights of women using those contradictions.
Wollstonecraft explains that women “they must be permitted to turn to the fountain of light, and not forced to shape their course by the twinkling of a mere satellite” (3). In the 1790’s women weren’t allowed to amount to the same standards as men. Wollstonecraft describes that the steps towards liberation were for all females to endeavour out into the world and find their own path in life. They must be able to have access to an education and make their futures whatever they wanted them to be, then they would use their knowledge towards improving society. Feminism is still a major issue today and society views it as a great thing, for the sexes to be
Mary Wollstonecraft was an advocate for women's rights and a writer. She was also the founder of movements and the rights of women. Mary conveyed and spoke out in her published books about injustice and the right to be equal in economics, education, and politics. She like many others during the 17th century spoke up for a greater future in France. Similar to John Locke who was also a philosopher that wanted the idea of a government that protected a person's natural rights including life, liberty, and property.
In the book of vindication of the right of a woman, Wollstonecraft brings out clearly the roles of a woman in her society and how it has led to oppression of women (Wollstonecraft 22). Wollstonecraft believes that men and women are equal given the same environment and empowerment, women can do anything a man can do. In her society, education for women is only aimed at making her look pleasing to men. Women are treated as inferior being and used by men as sex objects. Wollstonecraft believed that the quality of mind of women is the same with that of men, and therefore women should not be denied a chance for formal education that will empower them to be equal with men.
Feminism is the philosophy advocating equal political, economic, and social rights for women. The idea of feminism was not at all prevalent during the 1850s when Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter was published. In spite of this, Hawthorne wrote one of the most influential feminist novels of his time: The Scarlet Letter. This novel was hailed as an important feminist novel because of the main character: Hester Prynne.
The inequality of women has been a long-lasting issue since its existence, with the issue still persisting today. Women have gained more rights over time in great part to efforts made by feminists, however, much progress still needs to be made. Mary Wollstonecraft, often cited as one of the founding feminist philosophers, is a notable feminist whose advocacy and ideas on femininity have acted as a strong influence for the modern conception of feminism. One of Wollstonecraft’s most prominent works in regards to feminism is A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. In the piece, Wollstonecraft uses and critiques philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s work titled Discourse on the Origin of Inequality, in order to build a case in defense of a woman’s
Mary Wollstonecraft an early feminist philosopher, writes about the ideals of equality and freedom both in her political rebuttal essay “Rights of Men” and her follow-up essay “Vindication of Women” in response to philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Writing the “Vindication of the Rights of Men”, has led her to explore and express her opinions about the inequality of women during the Romantic period. As the opposition to post-revolutionary sentiment, extending rights as a just act to include the upper middle class of men, over maintaining the traditional rights given to men of nobility. Wollstonecraft interjects that women are also a vital importance to society and also deserve allowances of rights.
From the outset, literature and all forms of art have been used to express their author’s feelings, opinions, ideas, and believes. Accordingly, many authors have resorted to their writing to express their feminist ideas, but first we must define what feminism is. According to the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, feminism is “the belief that women should be allowed the same rights, power, and opportunities as men and be treated in the same way, or the set of activities intended to achieve this state”. As early as the fifteenth century is possible to find feminist writings. Centuries later, and although she never referred to herself as one, the famous English writer Virginia Woolf became one of the greatest feminist writers of the twentieth
Wollstonecraft argues for the rights of women in her A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: with Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects. She opposes that only men can receive education. Women are taught by their mother the knowledge of human weakness, “cunning, softness of temper, outward obedience, and a scrupulous attention to a puerile kind of propriety” (2.2). They should be beautiful, then men will protect them. Wollstonecraft argues that women focus on being beautiful and stay indoors, they can’t really run reason because they depend on men.
A vindication of the rights of woman was the first feminist treatise. In “A vindication of the rights of women” Wollstonecraft argues that true freedom necessitates the equality of both man and women; claims that judging or emotion is superior to passion, and seeks to accepts women to acquire strength of mind and body and aims to convince women that what had traditionally been regarded as womanly virtues are synonymous with weakness. Wollstonecraft`s in support of woman said that education is the key for women to achieve a sense of self-respect that can enable them to live to their full capabilities. The work of Wollstonecraft`s attack thinkers like Jean-Jacques Rousseau who, even while espousing the revolutionary notion that men should not have power over each other, denied the basic rights claimed for women. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman is today considered as the foundational texts to liberal
Feminist literary criticism’s primary argument is that female characters have always been presented from a male’s viewpoint. According to Connell, in most literary works, female characters often play minor roles which emphasize their domestic roles, subservience and physical beauty while males are always the protagonists who are strong, heroic and dominant (qtd. in Woloshyn et al.150). This means that the women are perceived as weak and are supposed to be under the control of men. Gill and Sellers say that feminist literary criticism’s approach involves identifying with female characters in order to challenge any male centred outlook.
Domestic violence is one such important issue which has been taken as the main theme in many movies. Films are considered as cultural artefacts and therefore the directors find it the best medium of representing the social and cultural reality of the domestic life of women in most of the Indian households. Advait Chandan’s directorial debut, Hindi movie Secret Superstar is a realistic film which deals with the issues of domestic violence and oppressive patriarchy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the movie Secret Superstar from a feminist angle and explore the subtle nuances of a woman’s life which is best represented in the film by the two major characters Insia and Najma. The former is forced always to abide by the rules and regulations of the patriarchal society and the latter who even performs her womanly duties faithfully is the victim of