The recent outbreak of food poisoning in South Africa that led to several deaths is Listeria(listeriosis). Listeriosis is an infection that is caused by consuming food contaminated by the bacteria Listeria. The infection can cause serious illness in pregnant women, neonates, adults with weakened or compromised immune systems and the elderly, and is capable of causing gastroenteritis in others who have been severely infected. Most people infected show no symptoms, but the elderly and very young are vulnerable. The outbreak would be discussed under the following
Causative organism; Listeria monocytogene, is the organism that caused the outbreak. It is the major human pathogen in the Listeria genus. It is usually the causative agent of the relatively
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Magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI) is used to confirm or rule out brain or brain stem involvement.[1]
Clinical symptoms; Symptoms include diarrhea, fever (high temperature), nausea, vomiting and flu-like symptoms. listeriosis is a serious disease in humans; the overt for of the disease has a case fatality rate around 20%. The two main clinical manifestations of the disease are sepsis and meningitis. In the case of meningitis, it is commonly complicated by encephalitis, when it is known as meningoencephalitis, a pathology that is unusual for bacterial infections. [2] The incubation period can vary and ranges from 3 to 70 days.[3]
Characteristics & laboratory identification; Listeria species are gram-positive, rod-shaped, and facultative anaerobes, and do not produce endospores.[4] in microscopy, they have an appearance of small rods, sometimes are in short chain arrangement. They may be identified in direct smears to be coccoid, therefore can be mistaken for streptococci. They may resemble corynebacteria when in longer chain. Flagella are produced at room temperature but not produced at 37℃ (normal body temperature). They are non-branching, non-capsulated as well in laboratory
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Myalgia (muscle pain) and pyresis (fever) in mild cases can be treated with over-the-counter medication (pain relievers), and diarrhea and gastroenteritis can be treated with over-the-counter medications as well if need.[5]
In the case of invasive listeriosis, the bacteria would have spread to the bloodstream and central nervous system. In this case, treatment will include intravenous (IV) delivery of high dose of antibiotics and in-patient hospital care. Duration of stay in hospital for care varies depending on the degree of widespread of the infection, but is often no less than two weeks.
In the case of pregnancy, prompt treatment of listeriosis in pregnancy is important to prevent the bacteria from infecting the fetus, antibiotics may be administered in the case of non-invasive listeriosis in pregnant women. Listeriosis has the ability to penetrate the endothelial layer of the placenta thus, can affect
Section 1: Identification of the unknown pathogen Patient is Terrance V. Haller, a 13-year-old male who enjoys outdoor activities such as skateboarding. No previous medical history and there are no known allergies. Terrance had a skateboarding accident where there were multiple lacerations and contusions. The wound on his forearm extending to his elbow was slow healing and therefore became pus producing. The patient has since returned to his primary care physician to find out what is going on.
The purpose of this lab report is to employ a myriad of skills, tools and, methods learned throughout this semester to perform the appropriate tests for the identification of the assigned unknown bacteria. Add more background information here!!! The most important tools and techniques used during this identification include aseptic technique, microscopic examination and, the use of selective and differential media. Aseptic technique is an important tool for microbiologists. It is imperative that aseptic technique is maintained throughout the length of any test to avoid any cross-contamination that may lead to inaccurate results.
Winnable Battle- Safe Food Objectives: Approximately 1 of 6 people in America get sick from eating contaminated food. Some people recover and few others may suffer from complication such as kidney failure, miscarriage or brain and nerve damage (10 Colorado winnable battles). In Colorado, there is at least 41% of foodborne outbreaks report and investigation each year. This is an enormous number that underscores the need for vigilance and highlights the importance of the food safety programs to identify foodborne illnesses (10 Colorado winnable battles).
The infectious disease can remain in the air, on the surface, and objects for several hours after an affected person leave the room. Haelle mention Mark Schleiss, he is a director of Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at the University of Minnesota Medical School,
This ultimately leads to the bacteria’s death. Q1B: What infections are treated with colistin? Colistin is used to treat infections caused by gram-negative or MDRO (Multidrug-Resistant Organisms). Occasionally, professionals will choose to avoid
It is also stated some Exclusions and hygiene practice Some common types of food poisoning are succeeding Salmonella, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, Ecoli O157, Listeria Monocytogenes, Shigella - Bacillary Dysentery, Small Round Structured Virus. In Campylobacter, Symptoms include an overall feeling of disease, diarrhea, severe abdominal pain, high fever and sometimes vomiting. First symptoms can take up to 4 days from the eating of polluted food, but is more usually 12 - 48 hours. This infection normally continues 3 weeks but can last longer. This contagion is caused by large numbers of bacteria living on food.
1. Why did Marshall’s presentation lead Patricia to think he had influenza and not a cold? Why is it important to medically evaluate and diagnose a potential influenza infection? What test could be performed to diagnose influenza?
Children under the age of five, the elderly, and people with impaired immune system are the most likely to suffer from illnesses caused by E. coli 0157:H7. The pathogen is now the leading cause of kidney failure among the children in the United States.” The use of logos in Schlosser’s book makes his declaration better because he is using reasonable facts and statistics. Logos makes Schlosser’s claim persuasive and serious. Nowadays, Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria is becoming a well-known threat that can be caught by consuming contaminated food (raw vegetables and certain raw meats) or water.
Fever, rash and neurological disorders do not happen. Most patients recover on their own after 8-24 hours. In severe cases, there are possible hypovolemia and hypotension. Staphylococcal food toxicosis are produced by the enterotoxins of Staphylococcus Aureus formed in the contamination of food and trapped with it in the stomach. As the body receives a ready enterotoxin, the incubation period is short.
Escherichia Coli 0157: H7 This paper will specialize on a specific type of bacterial foodborne illness caused by the bacteria Escherichia Coli. E. coli was discovered by Theodore von Escherich in 1885. E.coli is a natural found bacteria that lies throughout the intestinal tract of warm blooded animals and comes in many forms only one of which is deadly. This form is E. coli 0157:H7 which can be caused by direct exposure to fecal matter to kill this rouge
Brain imaging technologies allow neuroscientists and neurologists the ability to see inside the brain through the use of different technology and techniques such as CAT, MRI, fMRI & EEG scans (Nigel Holt et al., 2012). With the information obtained neurologists/scientists to locate and determine areas of the brain and their relationship with the functions in the human body. Brain imaging technology also allows neurologists to locate possible areas in the brain that may be affected by neurological/psychiatric disorders. Without a doubt, it has been scientifically proven that there is a relationship between biological factors and human behaviour.
These non-spore forming bacteria are also facultative anaerobes. The Listeria genus, shown in the photo above was named and founded by Dr. Joseph Lister is most commonly arranged in short chains. The complete taxonomic classification, beginning with the Kingdom, is as follows: Bacteria, Firmicutes, Bacilli, Bacillales, Listeriaceae, and Listeria. (Tortora,
INTRODUCTION: In this experiment I was testing for antimicrobial sensitivity of Staphylococcus epidermidis by using the Kirby-Bauer Diffusion test. The three antibiotics utilized in this lab were: gentamicin, novobiocin, and penicillin. I determined the effectiveness of the antibiotic by observing and measuring the zone of inhibition for each antibiotic.
After experiment on microscope under oil immersion, I learned that my Unknown is gram positive. Under the lens, the bacteria appears in purple color. Its morphology is cocci arranged in cluster. However, during decolorizing process, I put too much alcohol to the crystal violet-iodine complex making the color overly removed. That led to the result of my gram positive has slightly redish
L. monocytogenes has pertricous flagella, which allow it to have tumbling motility. One unique property of L. monocytogenes is that it is only motile via flagella in a limited temperature range around room temperature (from between 20 and 25 C). The motility of L. monocytogenes flagella is greatly reduced at body temperature, which is significant because L. monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen.