Literature Review On Refugees
1.8 Literature Review
1.8.1 Introduction
There have always been refugees. Wars, political upheavals, ethnic discrimination, religious strife, and a wide range of human rights abuses lead people to become refugees. Throughout the past century, there have been many peaks and troughs in the overall numbers of refugees and other displaced people in the world, with huge numbers during the two world wars and during the 1980s and 1990s according to Betts A. et al (2012). At the beginning of 2011 the office of UNHCR estimated there were 43.7 million forcibly displaced people worldwide.
This section discusses two sub-sections in relation to the specific objectives or the independent variables. The first sub-section discusses the world overview of settlement
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Political changes in Europe, Asia and Africa brought a significant number of immigrants or more correctly, repatriates to Europe. The most significant of these movements was repatriation of expellees and refugees after the Second World War (estimated at about 15 million people), including both the return of the German speaking civilian population from former German Eastern European territories: from Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Yugoslavia, as well as German prisoners of war according to Kogan(2007). The 1951 Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees and the UNHCR were the International Instruments that were formed to address the question of Refugees in Europe according to Boccardi (2002). Europe has responded to increasing flows of refugees seeking asylum in Italy and Greece with increasing restrictive …show more content…
The refugees have settled in Jordan with more than 1.6 million registered refugees according to Chatty (2010). Palestinian refugees could not return to their lands after Israeli State refused to accept a UN Resolution 194 resolving that the refugees wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with their neighbours should be permitted to do so at their earliest practicable date, and that compensation should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return and for loss or damage to property which, under principles of International Law or in equity, should be made good by the Governments or authorities responsible as per Chatty (2010). With exception of Palestinians living in Jordan, most of the Palestinian refugees do not have citizenship in the countries where they have since
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