1.3 LITERATURE REVIEW In Malaysia, heart disease is the major factor of mortality that can cause a sudden death to patient, based on World Heart Organization coronary heart disease take a 98.9 life per 100,000 in Malaysia in 2012 (Ang & Chan, 2016). As we can see this is a big number of death as Malaysia is a developed country. Coronary heart disease is effect by a substance that accumulated inside the artery, this substance also call as atheromatous. Thus, it can cause thickening on the artery wall or narrowing the artery (HU, M. ,2016). There are numerous factors that can cause heart disease, therefore in our research we propose to study on Fuzzy Expert method that can be used to diagnosis heart disease based on several factors such …show more content…
The attribute is the most meaningful to factors of heart disease, from this they defined it into fuzzy expert system designing, membership functions, fuzzy rule base, fuzzification and defuzzification. Authors describe clearly the membership function for each attribute. After all of the attribute have been defined, the combination of attribute based on 44 antecedents the result are compared to experts’ lab and idea. Using this system it improve more rather than previous system and more logic also efficient. The advantage of this system is, the patients itself can use the system tools. There is experimental proven that showed this system is doing better than no-expert urologist almost 94% similar to the expert did (Adeli & Neshat, …show more content…
In this study, there are three stages that have been proposed by the expert system. All of this stages has been illustrate in a flowchart. In which, for the first step, is prep-processing units for DHD signal. In this stages, they obtain all of dopler heart sound from ultrasound system that can be got from department of cardiology. According to result, the AIS with k-NN fuzzy expert is efficient in interpret the disease. it is reported that 95.9% sensitivity rate and 96% specify rate which can be compare more higher or produced similar result with previous method such as ANN and WPNN. This method also seem good rather than fuzzy expert system in which they just defined the attribute in membership function and crisp value (Sengur,
The knowledge base consists of a collection of fuzzy if-then rules of the following form: $R^{l}$: if $x_1$ is $F_1^{l}$ and $x_2$ is $F_2^{l}$ and $ldots$ and $x_n$ is $F_n^{l}$, then is $G^{l},~l=1,2, cdots ,n$, where $x=[x_1,cdots,x_i]^{T}$ and $y$ are the FLS input and output, respectively. Fuzzy sets $F_i^{l}$ and $G^{l}$, associated with the fuzzy functions $mu_{{F_i}^{l}}(x_i)$ and $mu_{{G}^{l}}(y)$, respectively. $N$ is the rules inference number. \Through singleton function, center average defuzzification and product inference cite{shaocheng2000fuzzy}, the FLS can be expressed as: For any continuous function $f(x)$ defined on a compact set $Omegain R^n$, there exists a fuzzy system $y(x) = heta ^T
Angina, Myocardial Infarction, and Cardiac Arrest Comparison and Contrast Hannah Bunce Fayetteville Technical Community College Angina, Myocardial Infarction, and Cardiac Arrest Comparison and Contrast Three of the most commonly occurring cardiac related events: angina, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest, are commonly confused. However, there is a huge difference between each of them. It is crucial to be informed of each of these cardiovascular emergencies and to be able to differentiate between them. As a medical professional it is also very important to know the appropriate care for each these cardiac related emergencies.
Cardiac causes. 4.4. Cerebrovascular causes. 4.5. Other causes.
The number one killer in the United States today is heart disease or also known as cardiovascular disease (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2015). As death rates begin to rise due to cardiovascular disease, in 1948 the Framingham Heart Study became a joint project of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University to pinpoint the most common factors that play a role in cardiovascular disease and strokes (Framingham Heart Study, 2015). Over several years, the Framingham study has identified several risks factors that are believed to increase the likelihood of a person being diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. These risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and physical
Abstract The use of medical AI in the healthcare industry has been a topic of much discussion and excitement in recent years. However, there is a growing concern that the hasty adoption of these technologies may be premature, and that the potential risks and drawbacks outweigh the potential benefits. This paper argues that at this stage, it is advisable to avoid using medical AI in healthcare.
According to the text, Foucus on Health by Dale Hahn , there are multipples risk factors can be devolping cardiovascular disesase. First would be tabacco smoking, which is a risk factors with sudden cardiac death. Smokers have four times higher chance fromdying from sudden cardiac arrest as nonsomkers do. Then there is physical inactivity as a risk factor to cardiovascular diseases. Having consistent aerobatic exerices helps strengthen heart muslces, matining blood flow and improving the vascular system transfer blood and oxygen to different parts of the body.
The pumping ability of the heart is compromised by a continuum between coronary artery disease, myocardial ischemia, and myocardial infarction. This paradox deprives the heart of blood-borne oxygen and nutrients. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the earliest of the continuum and consists of any disorder that narrows or blocks the coronary arteries. Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of CAD, which diminishes the myocardial blood supply until the blood flow to the heart is limited causing the starvation of cells or ischemia. (McCance 1160).
Remington Stotler Advanced Adult Care Pre-clinical assignment Common Conditions: 1. Acute myocardial infarction/coronary artery disease is when the arteries that supply the myocardium are clogged up; the heart cannot pump blood effectively to adequately perfuse vital organs and peripheral tissues. It affects the arteries that provide blood oxygen, and nutrients to the myocardium. When blood flow through the coronary arteries is partially or completely blocked, ischemia and infarction of the myocardium could occur.
A vital step in Healthcare strategic planning is to come up with specific, measurable goals that can be communicated amongst everyone. For goals to be useful they must be SMART, which stands for specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-based. Margret Amatayakul defines SMART goals as “statements that help an organization establish expectations that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-based” (Amatayakul, 2016). Specific, measurable, and time-based are pretty easy to understand and achievable and relevant are more abstract. A key element in setting a SMART goal is identifying “who,” “what,” “why,” “how,” and “when” will be considered in the process” (Book).
This will help to narrow down the possible causes of death greatly, seeing how it is heart
We have designed and developed an ICU clinical decision support system (CDSS) to improve outcomes in critically ill patients by providing real-time decision support, decreasing medical errors, and minimizing life-threatening events caused by delayed or uninformed medical decisions. CDSSs are computer-aided ``active knowledge systems which use two or more items of patient data to generate case-specific advice'' and it can improve a physician's decision making performance for providing an evidence strongly . For optimal medical decision making, the CDSS needs to be data-driven, rapid, and
Coronary heart disease starts to develop at a young age when plaque can start to develop in the blood vesicles walls. As your get older, the plaque builds up, inflaming the blood vesicle walls, making your arteries more prone to blood clots and giving you a higher risk for a heart attack. Soon enough, the plaque starts to release chemicals for healing but ends up making the artery sticky, resulting in things like calcium sticking to your blood vesicle walls. The heart then tries to compromise by making new vesicles to do the job of the damaged ones, but in times of stress the new vesicles may not be able to provide enough oxygen-rich blood to your heart. If you have a big enough blood clot that totally shuts down your artery, you have a heart
Over time, more advanced research provided us with a clearer understanding about the mechanism of this non communicable yet morbid disease. Atherosclerosis is detrimental because it affects the blood cells themselves, blood vessel lining, and overall circulatory system. Normally, it is crucial to maintain homeostasis in order to keep the circulatory system functioning efficiently. However, when homeostatic imbalance occurs, injury to the endothelium will result which is the first step to atherogenesis. Examples of imbalance leading to structural vascular changes include hypertension, hyperlipidemia or hyperglycemia.
Myocardial Infarction which is another word for Heart-attack. When you have an heart-attack your blood is not getting to your heart's muscle. This means your arteries are clogged. Blood is pumped through your arteries to all of the parts in your body. If you have a heart condition you shouldn't smoke, you should diet and exercise, you should watch your Blood Pressure if you have to take medication for your Blood Pressure make sure you take the prescribed medication.
PERSONAL STATEMENT (NURFATIN BT MOHD SHAH) I want to further my study in this course because it is thrilling and rapidly- moving subject area, that is highly pertinent to the problem facing by society today. As far as I concern, cardiovascular disease is one of the popular cause of death. I am keen to learn more and involve in the latest advances in cardiovascular research. Over the years of studying, my interest in this area has increased.