Ceramic Membranes
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction to Membrane for Water Filtration
Membrane technology has become a dignified separation technology over the past decade. On the membrane market, polymeric membranes are dominating and inorganic membranes are mainly used in special cases, where polymeric membranes cannot be used. In the inorganic membrane markets ceramic membrane materials are dominant, especially alumina membranes which are widely used. Ceramic membranes are especially suitable for processes with high temperatures, harsh chemical environments and for heavy metals industries [1]. Because of this, the ceramic membranes have found many applications in the food, beverage, biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries as well as in the
…show more content…
This produces novel crystalline and amorphous materials with crystallite sizes at the nanometer scale.
Ball mill is a good tool for grinding many materials into fine powder [6].The ball mill is used to grinds many kinds of mines and many materials.There are two types of grinding that is dry process and wet process.It can be divided into tabular type and flowing type according to different forms of discharging materials.After the grinding the state of the solid is changed the size and shape of grain
…show more content…
The water is pushed through the membrane by pressure. All the water that is introduced in the dead-end-cell passes through as the permeate, in other words there is no rejected water. In dead end filtration the retained particles build up with time one the membrane surface or within the membrane. In either case, the particle builds results in an increased resistance to filtration and causes the permeate flux to decline, as a result dead end filtration requires the stopping of filtration in order to clean or replace the membrane therefore this type of filtration is also called batch
Nt1330 Unit 9 Final Report
4034 Words | 17 Pagesgrinding Cubic boron nitrate and diamond is used and in conventional- silicon carbide, ceramic grains or aluminium oxide is used. Since iron comes under the conventional grinding, grinding wheels that are made of silicon carbide, ceramic grains or aluminium oxide could be
Lab Report: The Synthesis Of Alum
475 Words | 2 PagesLab report Experiment 6 The synthesis of Alum Lingrui Ge Oct 18th 2015 Purpose: discover the synthesis of alum. Materials: two 250 mL beakers, 400 mL beaker, 25 mL or 50 Ml GRADUATED cylinder, Buchner funnel and filter flask, watch glass, glass stirring rod, lab burner, ring stand, ring, wire gauze, hot plate, wash acetone, Aluminum foil, 3 M sulfuric acid solution, KOH, 50% enamel solution, ice bath, balance, boiling chips, gloves, pipe cleaner. Process: get and wear goggles, set up a Buchner funnel and flask and measure its mass.
How Has Australian Golf Changed
559 Words | 3 PagesSome balls nower days are made the same way but they are very expensive. the “Haskell” performed better than the “gutty” and was way cheaper to make. Initially these surface moldings took the form of grooves (which we have on the golf ball today) and later bumps. The "bump" design was known as the bramble pattern, due to a resemblance of a blackberry. In 1910, balls with small dimples were made.
Why Did The Ballista Fall
1319 Words | 6 PagesThe Ballista was in essence a gigantic crossbow, using two torsion springs wound by hand to store an impressive amount of energy. Early versions were primarily wood, but as the ballista got larger metal was needed in the parts of the machine that experienced the
Personal Narrative: Hi, I Am Lead
1022 Words | 5 PagesNext I am poured into a flotation cell tank to get all the particles off me. A bunch of other chemicals are poured into the flotation cell with me to get the waste particles off. The waste particles sink to the bottom while I float to the top after some time. After this, I flow to a filter where there 90% of the water is removed from me. From the filter I go to a smelter where sulfur is then removed from me.
The Dead Ball Era
888 Words | 4 PagesSince 1840 A.D., the United States and most of planet Earth have been enjoying the game of baseball. Since that time, many historic and forgotten players have come and gone. From 1900-1919, there was an era of baseball known as the Dead-Ball Era. Soon, that Era transitioned into the Era we now know as the Live Ball Era, 1920-present. From 1920, stars such as Lou Gehrig, Mickey Mantle, Willie Mays, Jackie Robinson, Nolan Ryan, Jose Canseco, Randy Johnson, and Pedro Martinez came forth and flourished with many teammates and championships.
Gummy Bear Lab Report
489 Words | 2 PagesThis means that there are an equal number of molecules inside and outside the membrane. In our lab, some of the water passed through the gummy bear’s semi-permeable membrane, and that is what caused it to expand greatly. It was also very close to reaching an equilibrium, because there were close to the same amount of water molecules on both sides of the cell membrane. This experiment taught us a lot about osmosis, but it could be modified or improved in one particular way. In my opinion, if the brand of the gummy bear was different (maybe Haribo or Black Forest compared to store brand), we might have been able to take it out of the cup and the ears would not have fallen off.
Water Purification Lab
460 Words | 2 PagesThe overall purpose of this lab was to develop a lab procedure in order to separate and measure the mass of each containment obtained the provided sample. In addition, this experiment was conducted in order to provide the EPA with a plan to remove all contaminants from a heterogenous mixture which purifies the water, making it accessible for the society. Furthermore, the sample consisted of the following contaminants, sand, rock, wood, plastic, salt, water, and an unknown metal. When it came to separating the contaminants, the wood and plastic were taken out through the use of tweezers, while the rocks were separated by decanting the mixture of sand and rocks from the water.
10 Pin Bowling Research Paper
719 Words | 3 PagesThe low mass weight can be in many different shapes and densities. It is placed more in the center of the bowling ball. This would be the kind in the Reactive Resin and the Particle Proactive because they tend to have a big curve or
Lab Report: Diffusion And Osmosis
1274 Words | 6 PagesIn this lab we used two processes called Diffusion and Osmosis. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Diffusion is a process that requires no energy and involves smaller non-polar molecules. In Figure 1 you can see the molecules spreading throughout the glass from the area of high concentration, so that the areas with low concentration are filled evenly as well. The other process was osmosis.
Osmosis In Patients
141 Words | 1 PagesIn hospitals patients sometimes receive fluids by intravenous injection. Doctors choose a salt solution and never plain water to inject into humans. You know that blood is composed mainly of red blood cells. Use your knowledge of osmosis to explain why doctors make this choice? Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.
Periodic Table Research Paper
1087 Words | 5 PagesThe periodic table is a much more interesting concept than people give it credit for. Periodic means the repeating according to some pattern. The first periodic table is very different from the modern one. They are both very interestingly organized. The periodic table has the elements on them.
Diffusion And Osmosis Lab Report
819 Words | 4 PagesDiffusion and Osmosis Lab Report By: Jettica Williams BIOL 1107 Lab September 21, 2016 Prepared for Mrs. Fulford Lab Course Page Break The cell membrane act as a roadblock for cells. The cell membrane has a very hectic job. It restricts the access to what comes in and what goes out. The bond the membrane shares with others is the idea of accountability.
Biological Membranes Lab Report
1621 Words | 7 PagesIf the consistency or integrity of the membrane is damaged the elements stored in
Lab Experiment: Osmosis Visking Tube Lab
830 Words | 4 PagesThis experiment is to investigate the relationship between solute concentration and the movement of water through semipermeable membrane by the process of osmosis. The purpose of this The Visking tubing apparatus establishes the osmosis procedure. The Visking tubing is a semipermeable membrane filled up with concentrated sucrose solution. The surface of the semipermeable membrane symbolizes the visking tubes and the mixture demonstrates the cytoplasm. If the Visking tube is absorbed in water, after a period of time, it will be have water inside water, this is because the water molecules can pass through the tubing, while the larger sugar molecules cannot diffuse out from the tubing because the size of sugar molecules do not allow it to go through the tubing.
More about Ceramic Membranes
Nt1330 Unit 9 Final Report
4034 Words | 17 PagesLab Report: The Synthesis Of Alum
475 Words | 2 PagesHow Has Australian Golf Changed
559 Words | 3 PagesWhy Did The Ballista Fall
1319 Words | 6 PagesPersonal Narrative: Hi, I Am Lead
1022 Words | 5 PagesThe Dead Ball Era
888 Words | 4 PagesGummy Bear Lab Report
489 Words | 2 PagesWater Purification Lab
460 Words | 2 Pages10 Pin Bowling Research Paper
719 Words | 3 PagesLab Report: Diffusion And Osmosis
1274 Words | 6 PagesOsmosis In Patients
141 Words | 1 PagesPeriodic Table Research Paper
1087 Words | 5 PagesDiffusion And Osmosis Lab Report
819 Words | 4 PagesBiological Membranes Lab Report
1621 Words | 7 PagesLab Experiment: Osmosis Visking Tube Lab
830 Words | 4 Pages