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Literature Review Of Related Literature Review Of Caves

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Review of Related Literature

Caves Caves are naturally formed holes in the ground that is easily accessible to humans (White, Culver, 2005). The environment inside the cave can maintain its physical and chemical parameters for a long time. Caves deposit various minerals and chemicals in its systems making a sustainable source of life for many life forms. Caves are also sources of fresh water in various places as limestone caves can hold water inside its caverns ("Views of the National Parks," n.d).. Caves have become the habitats of many life forms including various mammals and plants that rely on the protection and resources of the cave in order to survive. Most caves are open for human exploration and is a cause of disruption in the ecological balance within the cave ecosystem.

Stalactites Are formations composed mostly of calcium carbonate in caves and may be composed of halides, phospates, sulfates and oxides (White, Culver, 2005). The composition depends on the drip-water chemistry and other cave parameters. These drippings contain active living colonies of bacteria. In a study conducted by Laiz, Gonzales and Saiz-Jimenez, they identified that the most abundant genera of bacteria found in samples taken from stalactites were Actinobacteria, mostly composed of Bacillus species. This study however was conducted in a cave in spain is composed of entirely different material that is found in the local setting, thus it cannot be generalized that said bacteria can also

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