Chapter two; Literature Review The entire research journey is based on few important steps which can also be recognized as research process involving certain measures; to be carried out effectively. This process includes (Library, 2015); 1. Framing of a particular research question 2. searching and examining the relevant literature studies 3. Management of the accumulated search data 4. Synthesize of research work 5. generating literature assessment A literature review is defined as a report carrying evaluative data/information abstracted from the related piece of literature with respect to selected field of study. The literature review describes, encapsulated, assess and explain the information on the basis of theoretical research ground …show more content…
The rapid increase in the programs and websites has also inclined the rivalry among different channels for targeted audience and advertisement companies. In line, to raise the competition and rivalry, the demand for economic content is increased (e.g. latest celebrity gossip, their love-life, trendiness and new fashions in the industry) in order to complete the flourishing quantity of broadcasting time. An English lecturer at the New Jersey College, Ewing; David Blake said that “the media has completely modified the individuals’ experience about celebrity culture than the development in any other culture.” He further added that “Both social and broadcasting Media has made the celebrities more pervasive and dominant in prevailing society and this upsurge has created a completely new sector of public relations. Once the main focus of public relations was to prepare talented peoples with their relative interests and analysis of those benefits that are gained by them but now it involves more dimensions. The new aim of public relation is to create a path for the industrial celebrities so they can meet the apparent voracious desire of culture regarding them (Altman, …show more content…
As, the great number of young girls and boys hold their wedding date in order to complete the education, institute a strong career so they would have the heavy budget to plan their wedding lavishly. The concept of a “celebrity-alike wedding” has stroked each and every social class (Smock., 2005), including both low and middle classes, are saving and expanding with open hands to organize proper, high-classed, and an exclusive wedding and reception for their family, friends and social circle which will be remembered in many upcoming
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Show MoreIn the article, entitled “The impact Celebrities Have on Our Lives,” Deborah King establishes,The reason why celebrities have different effect of audiences. In the beginning, King points out that bad news travels faster than positive. The author indicates that celebrities have a bigger influence on younger people than older people. In addition, celebrities are just like us , but with more money and bigger homes. It is also important to note, that she maintains the topic throughout the whole article.
Is there anything more disturbing than dressing up as Dr. Walter Palmer for Halloween? When Cecil the Lion was killed by a hunter, people were outraged as the beloved animal was known around the world. It started an international social media discussion about conservation and even celebrities got involved. According to TMZ on Tuesday, those folks who thought it was a good idea to kill Cecel the Lion can dress up in a killer costume based on the alleged illegal hunter, Dr. Walter Palmer.
The main argument discussed in this film, is that celebrities became objectified, and are no longer considered as normal human beings with dignity, as they are being chased everywhere by the paparazzi. And this is all the fault of the consumers, because they are the one who want the private lives of the celebrities to be unveiled, and the ones who feed the greed of the paparazzi. This argument is logical and effective, as it uses ethos and logos, as well as some concrete examples from the real lives of celebrities, paparazzi, filmmakers, and consumers. This issue really matters, because the consumers should be aware that their obsession with celebrities and their critical attitudes towards them are causing multiple damaging effects on media as
Celebrities use impression manage in order to create and maintain a particular image to the public. Implementing Goffman’s concept to singer song writer Lady Gaga with unconventional and provocative practices reveals a deeper purpose with her involvement in celebrity status. Goffman’s theory states that celebrities’ constantly explore different images simply by putting on a front in order to enhance images within popular culture to be accepted by society. By enhancing their image within the public would more than likely accompany a larger fan base and, therefore, which increases their fortune (Ferrante, 2008).Due to her promotion and influence of youth empowerment and self- identity Lady Gaga draws critical acclaim subsequently boosting her public image. The social implications are overwhelming in the sense that a person would pretend to be something they are not in order to gain mass social acceptance.
Sometimes just going to class and having lecture can become a dreaded routine for college students. Those days where we can just step away for a moment and hear first hand what people in the industry deal with can become more valuable than just reading from a book. Lyne Pitts, television news journalist and now managing editor for The Root, visited the class in September. Our Broadcast Journalism II class also had the pleasure of meeting Anna-Lysa Gayle, Ashley Pulliam and Emmy Vicor, recent Howard graduates now pursuing their careers in the field. During the visit with Lyne Pitts, she gave some valuable information on the importance of being a good communicator and building relationships in this line of work.
We all know the cute little blonde kid that appears on television every year at Christmas time setting boobie traps for the bad guys trying to rob his house while his family is away on vacation. Macaulay Culkin was 10 years old when he starred as Kevin McCallister in the first Home Alone movie. Since then he has struggled heavily with substance abuse and marital issues like many other child entertainers who have grown up in the spotlight. The entertainment industry has a negative effect on the lives of child actors, musicians, and athletes. Child entertainers often struggle from the effects of delayed social development.
Their study focused on how fame fluctuated (if at all) for both celebrities in the top tier of fame, and for the secondary tiered or ‘minor’ celebrities. They propose three elements of fame, including Self-Reinforcement in which individuals use various methods to create and stabilize their fame, Extreme Inequality, in which they point out just how imbalanced the allocation of fame is. Fame is mostly devoted to established celebrities and institutions, leaving little room for new comers (Rijt, et al., 2009). The third and final element they proposed was the High Mobility of fame. This element suggests that fame is ephemeral, and can be attached and detached from individuals or institutions very easily.
In this book Jamie James discusses Pop Art providing illustrations from various artists of the art movement. In addition James explores Andy Warhol’s artworks linking the printing process to symbolic meanings of mass consumption and consumerism evident in his art. Furthermore, James examines Warhol’s fascination with particular celebrity icons that are frequently depicted in his work. Marilyn Monroe, Jacqueline Kennedy and Elvis Presley are among the reoccurring subjects studied during Warhol’s career. James highlights the “conceptual equivalence” between celebrity and commercial products, stating the similarities between the concept of ‘celebrity culture’ and Coca Cola.
“ Thinking is a skilled work .it is not true that we are naturally endowed with the ability to think Clearly and logically – without learning how or without practicing” – A.E. MANDER By undertaking a literature review you can critically summarize the current known and available knowledge in the area under investigation, identifying any strengths and weaknesses in previous work, so helping you to identify them in your own research and thus eliminate the potential weaknesses, whilst bringing to the fore the potential strengths. In addition, a good and full literature search will provide the context within which to place your study. The main importance of the literature search and review is that Everything in your research proposal flows from
CHAPTER 2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK This chapter brings a clear concepts and theories of the study that includes a review of related literature and studies which are significant and related to the research study. It also presents the research framework, and the definition of terms. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES A review of related literature collects the contextual information about the problem and related thoughts in the study. It has the general and specific findings that relays to the problem that can help the research more understandable.
In an ideal world, everyone would have the same rights, opportunities, responsibilities despite their physical appearance. However, in the world we live in appearance is the judging factor for everyone and everything. This is happening in the workplace, media and social class. This phenomenon of discrimination and prejudice based on physical appearance is the definition of lookism. Lookism is unfairly linked to an individual’s success in a work environment.
In today’s world countless new products are emerging into markets, their advertisements are cluttering the media channels and the availability of variety of brands causes a consumer’s attention to become divided where they are often left confused as to which brand to opt for. Marketers, in this situation, use celebrity endorsement as a tool to cut through all the media clutter and manage to grasp the attention of their target consumer, triumphantly. A celebrity endorser has a profound impact on the consumers and celebrity endorsement has been undertaken by many scholars and researchers due to the importance it holds in the advertising world.
Methodology In my thesis I utilized the quantitative content analysis method. There are many definitions of this research method from different authors. Most of the definitions include similar principles. The research should be systematical, objective, quantitative and replicable.
In Hollywood, there are few things more important than being perceived as clean. I mean that in all senses of the word. Obviously, celebrities who garner a reputation for being particularly crude or blue when on camera can expect their workload to reduce due to studios being skeptical of their ability to appear at public events or on talk shows without saying something offensive or embarrassing. Similarly, it is important for a celebrity to show that they have good hygiene so the public will gravitate towards them and be happy to see them on television and approach them in public for a picture and a handshake. While the vast majority of Hollywood notables have managed to make themselves at least appear to be clean, usually thanks to the assistance of a dedicated team of PR
Review of literature: Literature review is a critically summary of most important literature which conducted by many researchers help to answer the research problem. (Fain 2009).Evaluating the studies by critically appraisal of four valid keys which are validity, reliability ,bias and rigours (Melnyk and Overholt 2011) Search strategy : Most of the literature was collected from electronic search from Cardiff University’s electronic library. PubMed, Cochrane library ,MEDLINE ,psycho info, clinical trial databases and Google scholar engine were searched . Books of EBP and research were used from Oman Nursing Institute Library.