ipl-logo

Loftus And Palmer 1974 Summary

623 Words3 Pages

The study created by Loftus and Palmer (1974) presented an attempt to understand how the remembrance of complex events within our presence can cause a reconstruction within memory. Loftus and Palmer’s study consisted of two different experimental methods revolving around traffic accidents. The first study was to understand how the changing of a word in a sentence could affect the answer to speed. In experiment one, forty-five students were split into seven groups. In each group, there was a film shown from five to thirty seconds implementing a traffic incident. After watching the film, subjects were exposed to the examination of questions regarding what they had just seen. The primary question asked for nine of the subjects regulated around …show more content…

If presented a complex word, then one may believe that the accident was a lot more worse than it actually was. In experiment two, Loftus and Palmer were focused on the phrasing of the question and how it could create a false memory about that accident. One hundred and fifty students participated. The subjects were required to remember the accident and to describe it their own words. Fifty were asked the speed of the car when it was smashed, another fifty were asked the speed of the car when it was hit, and the other fifty were asked no question regarding speed. A week later, subjects were required to answer a question about broken glass in relation to after the accident. The data collected showed that implementing the verb “smashed” into the question “about how fast were the cars going when they had ‘smashed’ each other” provided a higher probability for subjects to believe they had seen broken glass within the film in regards to other verb tenses. For example, “smashed” in an accident usually means broken glass; which provides the reasoning as to why participants believed broken glass was present. This finding provided that if students are questioned within a more complexed verb, then the answer provided will enact a more severe

Show More
Related

  • Summary Of The Monsters Are Due On Maple Street

    1196 Words  | 5 Pages

    Missteps in the Evaluation of Circumstances Redefined Shown through history, the common general public will often heedlessly denounce another of guilt from erroneous assumptions in times of fear. Like no other day, life on Maple Street went on composedly until a power outage arose, and all electronic devices, inclusive of lawnmowers, cars, radios, and phones, failed to operate. Commotion of the neighbors began as Tommy, a somewhat peculiar fourteen-year-old inspired by comic books and movies, interpreted that aliens were accountable for the malfunctions of technology. On the spur of the moment, Les Goodman’s car started involuntarily; Don and Charlie proceeded to accuse him of being a foreign being.

    Read More

  • A Rhetorical Analysis Of Dr. Tyson Memory

    110 Words  | 1 Pages

    In this article the authors relied on logos, by using numerus studies and facts, to demonstrate that Dr. Tyson memory failed. For example, the study made by Dr. Roediger and Dr. DeSoto about how people could remember words from a list, and how accurate they were on their memories. In this study they demonstrated that people were more confident about false and less accurate memories. Also the experiment made by Sir Frederic Charles Bartlett, call the “telephone” game, in which no matter clearly the message is, at the end the message will change. Using this logos appeal, the readers have a strong source on the argument made on the article.

    Read More

  • Summary Of Some Close Encounters Of A Mental Kind By Stephen Jay Gould

    944 Words  | 4 Pages

    The experiment showed how our memory can be easily mislead even if we saw it with our own eyes. I believe Gould’s essay is indeed convincing when it comes to whether or not to doubt what people believe they remember is actually

    Read More

  • False Memories In Elizabeth Loftus's Ted Talk

    259 Words  | 2 Pages

    In this week’s Ted Talk, Elizabeth Loftus explained some of her studies on false memories. She investigates when people remember things that did not happen or remember things in a different way. In one of her studies, Loftus showed participants simulated car accidents and then asked them questions to know what they remembered. She asked them, how fast the cars were when they smashed into each other. Using the word “smashed” influenced participants to say that the cars were going really fast and they remembered seeing broken glass in the scene, when in reality there was no broken glass.

    Read More

  • Witness For The Defense Elizabeth Loftus

    1447 Words  | 6 Pages

    Sydney Caparaso Mrs. Sherry AP Psychology 27 August 2015 Witness for the Defense: Elizabeth Loftus Human memory may not, as many think, resemble a permanent tape of our lives ' events, replayable at a whim. Elizabeth Loftus discusses her theories of memory and accuracy in her book, Witness for the Defense. Loftus has testified as an expert witness in more than 150 court cases, several of which she sites, discussing the different ways a memory can be fallible.

    Read More

  • False Memories In Ted Talk

    497 Words  | 2 Pages

    Loftus then focuses her lecture on false memories. Rather than acting as permeant recordings of the past, memories are instead easily edited and highly suggestable. This was demonstrated during the 1990s, when a significant increase in bizarre and likely false memories were described by patients who underwent specific forms of psychotherapy such as dream interpretation, hypnosis, and exposure to false memories. Loftus further explored this phenomena by detailing studies in which false memories such as nearly drowning, being lost in a mall, or being attacked by a vicious animal were successfully implanted into participants. After speaking out against such practices and demonstrating the falsehood surrounding the therapies,

    Read More

  • Why Is Milgram's Research Important?

    950 Words  | 4 Pages

    While arguably one of the defining psychological studies of the 20th Century, the research was not without flaws. Almost immediately the study became a subject for debate amongst psychologists who argued that the research was both ethically flawed and its lack of diversity meant it could not be generalized. Ethically, a significant critique of the experiment is that the participants actually believed they were administering serious harm to a real person, completely unaware that the learner was in fact acting. Although Milgram argued that the illusion was a necessary part of the experiment to study the participants’ reaction, they were exposed to a highly stressful situation. Many were visibly distraught throughout the duration of the test

    Read More

  • Response To Milgram's Experiment

    922 Words  | 4 Pages

    There were two participants in each session; one of them was a truly naïve subject who was the “teacher” and the other one was an accomplice of the experimenters who was the “learner” in the experiment. The learner was supposed to answer word collocations and every time they gave the wrong answer, the teacher was asked to send an electric shock. The electric shocks were not really administered; the learners were giving verbal signals depending on the voltage level to increase the authenticity of the experiment but the subjects were unaware of this fact (Milgram 1973 62-63). Milgram’s experiment created a

    Read More

  • Analysis Of The Article Her Memory, Her Dad On Trial In-69 Killing

    795 Words  | 4 Pages

    Professor John Gabrieli and Michael Anderson, a psychology associate professor at the University of Oregon conducted the experiment. Where 24 people between the ages of 19 and 31 were given 36 pairs of nouns that were not related and asked to memorize them. After a few minutes they were able to remember them. This experiment was documented using a functional magnetic resonance imaging machine to view the brains processes. They were then asked to only remember the first words and forget the pairs while more scans were taken.

    Read More

  • Eyewitness Testimony Paper

    452 Words  | 2 Pages

    Loftus and Palmer (1974) studied the effects of verb choice in questions on the eyewitness’s answers. The results of the accuracy of the participant’s eyewitness testimony showed support of being effected by the language used in the questions (Loftus & Palmer, 1974). The following verbs were varied based on the groups eyewitnesses were placed in: “collided”, “bumped”, “hit”, and “smashed”

    Read More

  • Intrusive Traumatic Memories

    196 Words  | 1 Pages

    Here, we tested whether we could reduce the frequency of intrusions of the memory of a traumatic film that had already been consolidated.

    Read More

  • Time And Memory In Hamlet

    1143 Words  | 5 Pages

    The concept of time and memories is something that has truly baffled people for ages. Time is unwavering, but seems to go faster or slower, depending on the event, as Einstein’s theory of relativity explains. Our brains have a gargantuan amount of space, it seems, for memories to be stored, but so many of them eventually fade. When it comes to time and memories, humans are stumped on how it all truly works. That is why these concepts are so widely puzzled over and so commonly mentioned.

    Read More

  • Summary Of Bless Me Ultima

    1044 Words  | 5 Pages

    According to memory researched Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California, Irvine, people can forget fights they had, people they once knew, and all manner of details across time and place. Even eyewitnesses in very serious felony cases – i.e., people who have a big interest in accurately recalling an event – have been known to “remember”

    Read More

  • Wizard Of Oz Genre Analysis

    2800 Words  | 12 Pages

    Over the past century, film has served as a powerful means of communication to a global audience and has become a vital part of the contemporary culture in a world that is increasingly saturated by visual content. Due to the immediacy and the all-encompassing nature of film, the process of watching a film, is widely perceived to be a passive activity by the general masses. However, quoting Smith in his article about the study of film, “nothing could be further from the truth.” The study and understanding of film as an art form enhances the way we watch and appreciate films. It requires the audience's active participation and interaction with the film in order to fully comprehend the directors' intention behind every creative decision.

    Read More

  • The Bath By Raymond Carver Analysis

    750 Words  | 3 Pages

    Also if the communication would have been more efficient the story could have been completely different. For Example if the boy would have told his friend the gravity of the situation soon after he got hit by the car, and his friend would have called for an ambulance or asked someone for help, the boy would have had a greater chance of surviving the accident. 6. Have I heard/read anything similar or dissimilar?

    Read More

More about Loftus And Palmer 1974 Summary

Open Document