Andy Rooney, author of the article “Indians Seek a Role in Modern U.S.” made multiple logical fallacies throughout his article. Logical fallacies concern themselves with the structure of arguments and the process through which conclusions are drawn. Logical fallacies focus on the relationships among statements, if the statements are true or false, and rather or not conclusions based upon the statements are validly drawn. Three logical fallacies Rooney made in his article is hasty generalization, either…or fallacy, and non-sequitur.
Hasty generalization is a form of logical fallacy based on insufficient or unrepresentative evidence. Stereotyping is a specific kind of hasty generalization that categorizes a group of people and assumes the beliefs
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Andy Rooney used a stereotype when he made the statement, “Indians were always considered to be brave, strong, stoic, resourceful, true to their word and unconquerable. Anyone with a touch of Indian blood in their ancestry is proud of it” (51). While it may be true that some Indians are “brave, strong, stoic, resourceful, true to their word and unconquerable” (Rooney 51) these attributes cannot be used to describe every single person with Native American heritage as not every single person may necessarily have these qualities. Some Native Americans may possess these qualities, others may possess only some of these qualities, and some others may possess none of these qualities. The statement, “Anyone with a touch of Indian blood in their ancestry is proud of it” (Rooney 51) also may not necessarily be true. There is no way to determine if every person that has …show more content…
Andy Rooney made this logical fallacy when he made the statement, “Illiteracy is widespread among Indians. Indians and whites blame whites for what’s wrong and, historically, that may be true, but it is the Indians who are doing the drinking” (52). Rooney’s statement is a non-sequitur because his first statement makes the claim that illiteracy is widespread among Indians, but he next jumps to the statement that Indians are blaming white people for wrong doings. Rooney then makes another jump to his next statement that Indians are the ones doing the drinking. Rooney should have backed up his initial claim about widespread illiteracy among Native Americans with fact based evidence before making his move to another topic. Instead Rooney jumped to the statement “Indians and whites blame whites for what’s wrong” (52). Rooney’s statement was not concise; it gave no explanation of what whites are being blamed for. Instead of elaborating on either of his prior two topics Rooney again made a jump to a new topic with the statement, “it is Indians doing the drinking” (52). Rooney was jumping from topic to topic in his statement, he made three assumptions and none of these assumptions were followed up with facts, instead the facts were just skipped over and more assumptions with no supporting evidence were made. Rooney’s statement was
Reader Response of Chapter 2 of A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America by Ronald Takaki In the book, A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America, Ronald Takaki gives an anecdote about how the lives of both the Indians and the Irish were dramatically destroyed and how they were even almost extinct because of the violent and corrupted acts of the English. Moreover, the English expansion led to the “making of an English-American identity based on race” (Takaki 26). Furthermore, the Irish were the first people to be considered as savages. The English felt as if the Irish did not have any respectful manners or obedience to God.
Through the use of the quote he impacts and alarms American legislators over the issue of isolationism by providing a possible future for young Americans. McGray states, “Soon, we hear, the United States will become a nation of baristas and retail clerks, while Asians leave their kids with the Nannybot, commute to work on cold fusion-powered monorails, and fine-tune the software that will put Microsoft and Google out of business” (McGray 353). With this example, the author intended is to make his argument more dramatic and severe. Using this rhetorical choice, McGray shows to American legislators that the United States must embrace multicultural education immediately; otherwise, while other nations will become more powerful, American sovereignty will be at risk. Although, American legislators might perceive this quote as exaggerated and silly but it triggers their emotions making them afraid of a possible future that the Americans population do not expect.
The Crucial World Inside the Crucible The trial of Rebecca Nurse is a perfect example of logical fallacy at work. Back in Salem, Massachusetts people had assumptions, also known as illusions, against other Salem citizens. With no proof or evidence it was also known as logically fallacy. Which is faulty reasoning using to persuade, done manipulatively.
Logical fallacies aren't the easiest to recognize if you don't understand what they are. A logical fallacy defects and weakens arguments. It creates flaws in the logic of an argument and makes it invalid. There are many different kinds of fallacies and they can be found almost anywhere someone can look. I saw this hasty generalization talking about celebrities and it seemed biased.
Rush Limbaugh discusses multiculturalism and its possible failings to America culture. Limbaugh believes teaching minorities about their roots hinder their “future as Americans.” He continues to say “If you want to prosper in America, if you want access to opportunity in America, you must be able to assimilate: to become part of the American culture.” This statement, personally, implies other cultures cannot have the same work ethic and values as “regular” Americans, which is a presumptuous statement to make. To a certain point, yes, incoming immigrants and generational immigrants do have to adapt to the American culture, but their roots do not discount their ability to succeed in American society.
A hasty generalization is a conclusion based on bias evidence. “A woman who lacks the means to manage her fertility lacks the means to manage her life.” The author bases this sentence on what she thinks and not on what is
In Race in America, Matthew Desmond and Mustafa Emirbayer highlight misbeliefs that people think to be true about racism. There are five fallacies: the individualistic fallacy, the legalistic fallacy, the tokenistic fallacy, the fixed fallacy, and the ahistorical fallacy. The individualistic fallacy maintains that racism is only clear, spoken interpersonal prejudices. This is harmful because it completely ignores systematic and structural racism. People that fall under the legalistic fallacy think that removing racist laws ends racism in everyday life.
Skip Hollandsworth’s “Toddlers in Tiaras” argues the negative effects of participating in beauty pageants for young girls. Hollandsworth supported his argument through the use of the following techniques: narratives, testimonies, logical reasoning, appeals to emotion, facts, and an objective tone that attempts to give him credibility. These techniques are used to help persuade his audience of the exploitation of young girls in beauty pageants and the negative effects that pageants will have on their lives. Hollandsworth begins his article with how a typical beauty pageant runs and describes the multiple steps Eden Wood, a pageant contestant, goes through in order to get ready for a competition (490).
Name: Ashutosh(Osh) Bhattarai Date: 8/30/15 Period: 5 Chapter and Title: Chapter 4 Red Eyes Questions: • Native Americans have been pretty much been misinformed in most of history • They are represented from the point of view of Europeans and barely think from their point of view • However the textbooks have been improving in the way they have been presenting their information on the Native Americans • Other authors of history textbooks are criticizing for using disrespectful words such as half-breeds and savages • Some authors how bias as they clearly favor the white Europeans as they are described as settlers and not
The invisibility of Native peoples and lack of positive images of Native cultures may not register as a problem for many Americans, but it poses a significant challenge for Native youth who want to maintain a foundation in their culture and language. " - NCAI President Brian Cladoosby (April 2014 - Washington Post
They are often labeled as uncivilized barbarians, which is a solely false accusation against them. This paper aims to address the similarities between Native American beliefs and the beliefs of other cultures based on The Iroquois Creation Story in order to defeat the stereotype that Natives are regularly defined by. Native Americans are commonly considered uncivilized, savage, and barbarian. Nevertheless, in reality the Natives are not characterized by any of those negative traits, but rather they inhabit positive characteristics such as being wise, polite, tolerant, civilized, harmonious with nature, etc. They have had a prodigious impact on the Puritans
Science journalist, Charles C. Mann, had successfully achieved his argumentative purpose about the “Coming of Age in the Dawnland.” Mann’s overall purpose of writing this argumentative was to show readers that there’s more to than just being called or being stereotyped as a savage- a cynical being. These beings are stereotyped into being called Indians, or Native Americans (as they are shorthand names), but they would rather be identified by their own tribe name. Charles Mann had talked about only one person in general but others as well without naming them. Mann had talked about an Indian named Tisquantum, but he, himself, does not want to be recognized as one; to be more recognized as the “first and foremost as a citizen of Patuxet,”(Mann 24).
Superman and Me - A Rhetorical Precis In “Superman and Me” (1998), an essay written for the Los Angeles Times, Sherman Alexie Jr. explains how the stereotype that Indian children are less intelligent than other children is not only incorrect, but harmful. Alexie provides examples of his own intelligence, having read “Grapes of Wrath in kindergarten” (5); and exhibits his personal experiences with the intelligence of other Indians (they “could tell complicated stories and jokes at the dinner table”) in contrast to how they acted around those who were not Indian (“They were monosyllabic”) demonstrating how Indians are “expected to fail” in a “non-Indian” society (6). Alexie draws contrasts between the stereotype and the truth in order to clearly
7. Generalization: an opinion or statement made about a large group, neglecting to take individuality into account. Textual Evidence Interpretation/Explanation “A gentle riddance.—Draw the curtains, go. — Let all of his complexion choose me so.”
A fallacy is defined as a mistake in an argument that arises from defective reasoning or the creation of an illusion that makes a bad argument appear good. In layman terms, Dictionary.com defines a fallacy as a deceptive, misleading or false notion, belief, etc. It is a misleading or unsound argument. Both inductive and deductive arguments may contain fallacies and if they do, they are usually uncogent or unsound. Fallacies are divided into two groups which are formal fallacy and informal fallacy.