Assignment 1: 1. The sources of religious discontent that preceded the Reformation was the people’s unhappiness with the selling of the offices of the church, clergy members holding more than one office, the selling of indulgences, church taxation, absenteeism, the literate and uneducated priests, and nepotism among the clergy. Additionally, the fact that most clergy was exempt from tax but could own property upset the people. 2. Luther’s intentions and actions of the 95 thesis to the Peace of Augsburg was to tell the Archbishop Albert that the indulgences were making penance insignificant, going against what was in the Gospels, and taking the importance of charity out of Christian’s lives. Luther intended to have theologians debate his topics in the 95 thesis to make the pope have no choice but to call a council to try to reform, not wanting to separate from the church. However, when he said that he did not believe the pope had the authority to grant indulgences and that he was not infallible, he was past the point of recanting his opinions of the church and refused to do so at the Diet of Worms. His actions that caused the religious chaos in the Holy Roman Empire as well as his excommunication, led to the Peace of Augsburg which allowed Germanic princes to choose to be Catholic or Lutheran as well as have a sense of religious tolerance, …show more content…
The effect the spread of Protestantism had on the Holy Roman Empire and France was that it caused the tensions between them to intensify. Since the Holy Roman Empire was weakened by the fighting over Protestantism and Catholicism, France saw the opportunity to get back at the Habsburg dynasty, that it has had a feud with, by weakening it even futher. By aiding the Protestants in their efforts to prevail against Catholic Charles V, not only did it spread Protestantism but France weaken Charles V, in an attempt to get back at the Habsburg dynasty, to a point where he eventually abdicated the throne after the Peace of
At the year 1524, Martin Luther, a significant figure in the Reformation and the founder of Lutheranism, had just finished hiding in Frederick the Wise’s Saxony castle after the Edict of Worms declared that he was an “outlaw” of the Holy Roman Empire. Luther’s action that led up to this event was the publication of the 95 Theses in 1517, which denounced indulgences and attacked the corruption of the papacy. Luther was able to remain hidden due to the extreme decentralization of the Holy Roman Empire. Emperor Charles V could not devote much of his attention to Luther, as he was controlling Spain, The Holy Roman Empire, and the New World.
Agyen, I enjoyed reading your discussion post and found your take on the Reformers to be informative and well thought out. I thought Calvin was the most committed to living a biblical life but do disagree that Luther was not committed to biblical Christianity. I feel that he was committed but in ways that weren’t as bold as Calvin. Luther seemed to have less hesitation on making his ideas become reality in his time. Our text states, “Luther is flamboyant, vivid, impulsive, immensely readable, frequently exaggerating his true position or contradicting what he said elsewhere in order to put over a point forcefully”
Martin Luther Kind writes "I hope this letter finds you strong in faith...will shine over our great nation with all their scintillating beauty" to approach the men with their problems and hope to meet them. Martin Luther clearly wants to meet with these people so they understand each other and that the person against Martin's point will comprehend that Martin wants to be equal. The paragraph is composed of personifying social issues. When it comes to "racial prejudice" he describes them as dark clouds and the "misunderstanding" is seen as the deep fog. Martin's diction makes the paragraph sound understanding and friendly.
The Protestant Reformation had a huge impact in all Europe in the sixteen century, but which ones were the factors that lead to it? It is very important to highlight that the European Christianity was falling into a noticeable corruption of its popes and some other high position members. Robbery, and even warriors were among of some factors that took the Cristian Church to a declining path. One of these examples was the Pope Julius II, which one won the nickname “the warrior pope” because he led armies against people. Furthermore, the church was not the only factor promoting this reformation, some other social changes were occurring with the masses in Europe; many of the peasants were being free especially in the western Europe.
13-1 Martin Luther Takes a Stand Martin Luther, Ninety-five Theses on the Power of Indulgences (1517) Many interpret the thesis 36 of Luther as an attack on the papacy because the thesis 36 indirectly denied the right to remit plenarily the punishment and guilt, which only place in the pope. 1.
The 95 theses is a list of questions and propositions for debate. Legend has it that on October 31, 1517 Luther defiantly nailed a copy of his 95 theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle church. In essence, his Theses called for a full reform of the Catholic church and challenged other scholars to debate with him on matters of the church policy. The 95 thesis were to be used by as the basis for a discussion on this topic. It challenged the teachings of the Catholic Church on the nature of penance, the authority of the pope and the usefulness of indulgeneces.
The reformation was a time period of revolutionized ideologies that led to a new look of the world for many in Europe. Starting in Switzerland and Germany the reformation was a time period in which there was a major fundamental shift in society including the selling of indulgences, reforms to the Catholic Church, and the start of a separation between the Catholic Church and the secular ruling elites. When the reformation started, humanists Martin Luther and others started to protest against the selling of indulgences. Luther began his public protest of the selling of indulgences when he posted his 95 theses on the door of the Castle Church of Wittenberg.
His propaganda against the practice of the Pope to have the authority to read and interpret the Bible only and make people believe and follow it. Luther said that everyone can and should read the Bible for themselves, and have their own conclusion and faith. He had a strong criticism about the church's wealth, called its leaders corrupt and immoral. He strongly disagreed with selling indulgences and simony, when people after facing and regretting their sins had to pay large fees to be able to get to haven instead of hell. This was a e very old “tradition” of the Catholic church, but by the 16th century it became abusive.
Luther’s 95 talked about how faith led you to salvation, it doesn’t matter what good works you do, only what you believe. The writing of the Ninety-Five Theses is considered to be the foundation of the Protestant Reformation. The reformation was a separation from the Roman Catholic Church. The thesis was written on October
In 1518, “...the pope condemned Luther’s writings as conflicting with the teachings of the Church” and some called it heretical (History.com Staff). The pope told him to renounce his belief, to which Martin Luther refused. In response, “Luther said he would not recant unless scriptures proved him wrong” (Martin Luther Biography). He also made comments about how he believed the higher powers in the church didn’t have the power or knowledge to interpret scripture. By doing this he was excommunicated from the Catholic Church.
95 theses Martin Luther wrote the 95 theses. They were 95 things that he didn 't like about the church. He wrote them in 1517.He was a monk but was encouraged to study law. The first theses he wrote was "When your lord and master, Jesus Christ said, Repent, He called for the entire life of believers to be one repentance. Martin believed in confession was a way of salvation turning to the Bible.
Some of the key people and effects of the Protestant Reformation were, Martin Luther, a monk in the Catholic church who wanted a simplified religion and direct relationship with God. Phillip the II (2), the Spanish King, King Henry VIII (8), Charles V, the emperor of the holy roman Empire and Queen Elizabeth I (1), the later Queen of England. The Pope of the catholic church, was charging people money, and saying there sins were forgiven. Martin Luther did not agree with this and decided to do something about it.
Luther was greeted very enthusiastically in every town he traveled through and it embodied a victory march. The Archbishops of Trier, John Eck, opened the hearing by laying a pile of Luther’s books in front of the defendant and asking once again whether or not he believed the ideas presented in the books should be apologized for. Luther asked for time to rethink his decisions and Eck granted him until the next day. Luther stood by his writings and beliefs presented in his books. He would not back down unless convicted of error by the Scriptures or by reason.
About the author: The Table Talks are the random conversations written down by various guests at Luther 's table, which over the years were gathered together and published in various collections. It is based on the notes of the students that Luther had and compiled by Johannes Mathesius and published soon after. Mathesius spoke very highly about the privilege of eating and conversing with Luther, and was known for taking detailed and serious notes about the remarks that Luther made. Other note takers wrote down only the serious remarks of Luther, rather than including the more damaging and hurtful words of Luther.
This publication at-tacked the Roman Catholic Church's sale of indulgences. “Calvin made a powerful impact on the fundamental doctrines of Protestantism, and is widely credited as the most important figure in the second generation of the Protestant Reformation.” Huldrych Zwingli