According to Machiavelli, a prince who keeps his promises is generally praised. But history demonstrates that most success is achieved when princes are crafty, tricky and able to deceive others. A prince can fight or succeed by using law or by using force. The use of law comes naturally to men and the use of force comes naturally to beasts. Hence, to achieve success, the prince must learn to fight with a balance between both law and force. He must imbibe the attributes of half man and half beast. By using force, a prince acts like a beast. And he must be like two types of beasts - lions and foxes. A fox’s weakness are wolves. A prince must be like a fox, in the sense, he must learn to fight off wolves. A lion’s weakness are traps and prince,
Machiavelli describes to us that a successful prince needs to have the two compelling qualities: that of a lion a lion and a fox. In chapter 18, Machiavelli says “… One needs to be a fox to recognize snares and a lion to recognize the wolves” (Machiavelli, 69). A prince must be smart like a fox but have the strength of a lion. This shows the value of dealing with situations (realism) as they come. Furthermore, when Machiavelli describes the qualities of a king, he implies that a prince should have the qualities and morals that are honest, but also be able to turn in a situation and protect the state.
Henry represents the beast because he ruthlessly invades France and “mow[s] like grass/ [their] fresh fair virgins and [their] flow’ring infants” (Henry V, 3.3.13-14). He threatens these atrocities to frighten the people and secure power. Imitating “the action of the tiger” initiates war (Henry V, 3.1.6). Machiavelli encourages violence to instill fear and gain faith because “fear is maintained by a dread of punishment which never fails” (The Prince, 61). A prince’s “end justifies the means,” arguing that the path to power does not matter but only the results (The Prince, 66).
“Ancient writers made subtle note to this fact when they wrote that Achilles and many other princes of antiquity were sent to be reared by Chiron the centaur, who trained them in his discipline. Having a teacher who is half man and half beast can only mean that a prince must know how to use both these two natures, and that one without the other has no lasting effect.” Machiavelli continues with the analogy, “Since a prince must know how to use the character of beasts, he should pick for imitation the fox and the lion. As the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot protect himself from wolves, you have to be a fox in order to be wary of traps, and a lion to overawe the wolves.” Machiavelli’s use of the analogy to help the reader better understand necessary being like a lion and a fox helps his audience visualize his
In Machiavelli’s book, The Prince, he maintains a harsh perspective on reality. His advice on how to maintain power leaves no room for compassion or generousity. While some may believe that these are qualities of a good person, Machiavelli believes these qualities lead to the downfall of rulers. He acknowledges that, in reality, it is impossible for someone to have qualities of a good person and simultaneously a good ruler. Machiavelli’s realistic outlook causes him to emphasize that it is better to maintain power through fear, rather than compassion.
Through all these conflicting characteristics, a side of Hamlet is seen in a new light; a Machiavellian prince. This aspect of Hamlet is the ruthless and cunning tactician who is open to using deceit for his own ends. Machiavelli, in his book 'The Prince ', shows a set of guidelines and philosophical arguments for a ruler to embody. He states that a ruler cannot always be virtuous and good as different situations could lead him to evil and inhumane acts as shown in his statement "learn how not to be good"(Machiavelli, Ch. XV). Machiavelli also stakes his point on a ruler been versatile with his analogy of the fox and lion.
The trick to staying in control was to recognize the needs of the people. The argument that Machiavelli portrayed in the Prince, was how an individual handles a situation, whether it is serendipitous luck or free will. “Many believe that governing the affairs of the world are governed by luck and God, not even intelligent individuals can control them. Therefore, one should allow chance to have its way” (Machiavelli, 550). Elaborating on this argument, many people believe that if something goes wrong, gamble on luck.
He cannot be too generous, because that increases people 's expectations of him and it is impossible to keep buying the people 's love as the price gets too high. Yet, the prince should not be hated due to his violent nature, because that rises up. The prince should act in ways that keep him in power and maintain his own power. He should be able to read the character and motives of others in order to use them for his own ends.
What does it mean to be a Prince? According to Niccolo Machiavelli there is various qualities that are needed to be a Prince. In the chapter, “The Qualities of the Prince,” Machiavelli list qualities a Prince must uphold to be considered a good Prince. In order to be a Prince one must know how to protect his state and people. Some qualities that he mentions are: being feared rather than being loved, being hated, being cruel, being generous, and being deceitful.
Probably one of the most infamous and controversial ideologies of the 16th century, the prince by Machiavelli has been a reference for many great leaders and academicians since it was published. The book provides historically tested and proven principles of leadership. The prince has been described as a manual for those who want to win and retain power. While some may argue that leadership is an inherent trait in human, leaders are made, not born. Making a great leader out of a person is not just a matter of identifying the leadership traits, skill and talents of the individual, but harnessing the traits, develop them and eventually mastering how to be leader.
Ruling through fear was by all means a must as it was regarded as a way to instill ones will on their subjects. He says, "it is difficult to unite them in one person, it is much safer to be feared than loved.." (The Prince XVII). Humanism centers around the maintenance of oneself and well-being, which is not too far from the ideals The Prince bases itself on. Self maintenance through any means necessary; violence, deceit and corruption.
If a prince does so, this loyalty will only be temporary or the subjects will learn to only be loyal to the prince’s money. It is necessary for a prince to wipe out his opponents and make sure it is done all at once. Even when a prince is not successful in ruling by his personal prowess during his own existence, he is establishing an excellent foundation for the rule of subsequent princes which is as significant if not more significant than the current prince’s success. Chapter 8 explains what degree of evil should be exemplified in order to ascend to power. Machiavelli delivers clear insight to the readers about the specific advantages and disadvantages of achieving power by ways of evil and in what cases to use this evil to your advantage.
According to him, rulers should know their respective limits when it comes to the force and violence they inflict. Machiavelli believes that maximizing betrayal, deception and other cruel acts aren’t considered talents. Although these methods are effective in gaining empire, these don’t help in getting glory. Therefore, using violence and cruelty may be necessary but should have limits. The prince must know up to what extent his violence should be inflicted upon and he must do it all at once to avoid the hatred and resentment from his
In Chapters six through nine, Machiavelli tackles the issue of the prince acquiring totally new principalities. Conquests by virtue is the theme Machiavelli presents in Chapter six. He cites the example of Moses as a conquering prince, who delivered orders from God. According to Machiavelli in Chapter seven, a prince can come into power by luck or by powerful figures within the regime. The prince typically has an easier time gaining power but a hard time keeping it thereafter, because his power is extremely dependent on his benefactors ' goodwill.
For these reasons, he should turn to his own arms. By all means, Machiavelli stated that it is not fortune and wickedness which leads to a good prince; it is intelligence and skills which are important. To be specific, he can try to strengthen its own military to defeat his nation during war rather than concerning himself relies on others. Moreover, a prince should be himself and do not change. To illustrate, he should live with his people so that any unexpected circumstances will not make him change whether the situation is good or bad.
I. Machiavelli In his famous work the Prince Niccolo Machiavelli exposes what it takes to be a good prince and how only this good price and keep control over his state. There are many different qualities that make a man a good ruler but there are some that are more essential than others. In this work Machiavelli stresses the importance of being a warrior prince, a wise prince, and knowing how to navigate the duality of virtù and vices. Without these attributes there was no way that a prince could hold together their state and their people.