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Magnetic Arc Lamp Essay

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The principle of operation of magnetic arc lamp is similar to carbon arc lamp. In this lamp anode is made carbon while cathode is made of magnetic oxide carbon. Light is given out when arc is established between electrodes. These lamps are rarely used. INCANDESCENT LAMP Incandescent lamp also known as temperature radiator or general lighting service lamp (GLPS) is a temperature dependent source. When electric current flow through fine metallic wire known as filament, its temperature increases. When the temperature is low it emits heat energy but as soon as temperature increases from certain level it emits visible radiations along with heat energy. The filament is enclosed in glass bulb prevents oxygen of the air from reaching the hot filament, …show more content…

But due to convection flow of inert gas inside the bulb, there will be greater chances of losing the heat of filament during operation. Again vacuum is a great insulation of heat, but it accelerates the evaporation of filament during operation. In the case of gas-filled incandescent lamps, 85 % of argon mixed with 15 % of nitrogen is used. The heat loss due to conduction and convention in case of inert gasses can be minimized by using single coil filament instead of straight wire filament.At about 80 % of atmospheric pressure, the gasses are filled into the bulb. Gas is filled in the bulb with the rating more than 40 W. But for less than 40 W bulb; there is no gas used. With the further development in incandescent lamp, the length of filament is shortened by using it in coiled or double coiled arrangement. Life span of Incandescent lamp: Even with the advancement in technology, each type of incandescent lamp has some life span. The output light of lamp decreases as the lamp ages. It is because of following reasons: • Filament evaporation phenomenon • Filament lamps are directly connected to the power supply line, the fluctuations in voltage affect the performance of the bulb The various factor related to voltage variation are as follow: • Lumens output α (voltage)3.55 • power consumption α (voltage)1.55 • luminous efficiency α (voltage)2 • life α (voltage)-13 (for vacuum lamps) • life α (voltage)-14 (for gas filled

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