Essay On Knowledge Sharing

II. Literature Review

Knowledge

Knowledge is processed information. According to the researchers Gammelgaard and Ritter (2000), knowledge can be defined as: “A fluid mix of framed experience, values, contextual information, and expert insight that provide a framework for evaluating and incorporating new experiences and information. Knowledge originates and prospers in the minds of experts. In organizations, it often becomes embedded not only in documents of repositories but also in organizational routine, process, practices, and norms.” Since most of the knowledge is internally suppressed within the minds of the experts, it is important to investigate the major factors which influence knowledge sharing strategies in organizations generally and schools specifically.

Knowledge Sharing

If knowledge management is that fluid mix of individuals beliefs, values and behaviours which shape their everyday lives; in other words, information put into action. Thus, it influences the process of decision making. Knowledge

It is called Affective commitment (Casimir,2012) an emotional attachment to the organization which provides the employees with their sense of purpose through a collective identity. This commitment reduces the cost of knowledge sharing in organizations as the employees do it voluntarily, thus it is vital for educational institutions to foster this feeling of belonging among their teachers. Casimir, the researcher also mentions several theories that might affect the emotional aspect such as the social dilemma theory along with the social capital theory. Social dilemma indicates the awareness of the price one could pay for sharing their expertise and knowledge, such as their time. Social capital is the state of awareness that revolves around control and power one could possess over the receiver of