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Malnutrition Literature Review

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Literature review
Malnutrition in childhood:
Malnutrition is a serious public health problem and a pathological condition that results when a person’s diet contains inadequate amount of nutrients(1). Malnutrition refers both under nutrition and over nutrition. But in common usage the word malnutrition refers to under nutrition and protein energy malnutrition. Malnutrition is the leading cause of more than one third of all child death(2). Globally, malnutrition is the major risk factor for all common childhood illnesses, and it increases the chance of worsening the conditions (3) and increases the chance of dying too(4). The term PEM is universally accepted for under nutrition. The severe form of PEM are Marasmus, kwashiorkor and Marasmic - kwashiorkor. The term SAM combines all forms of PEM(5).
Global burden of Malnutrition: …show more content…

Globally, prevalence of underweight children in India is very high when compared to other countries in the world. Report says, According to World Bank, India’s prevalence is twice that of sub Saharan African countries. Though India has large number of nutritional development program, but there is no progress in Child nutrition status. (11) In Global Hunger Index (GHI) Survey, India ranked 15th amongst various developing countries with hunger situation. But when compared to 1990, India has changed its position from its ‘extremely’ alarming state to alarming state of hunger.(12) In 2005- 2006, national family health survey 3 done, in which anthropometric survey of children of age 5 years and less is done. To classify the degree of malnutrition, 2006 WHO child growth standards are used. In NFHS 3, across all the states sampled, overall prevalence of malnutrition is 19.8% for wasting, 6.4% for severe wasting, 48% and 42.5% for stunning and underweight

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