People’s Republic of China was established in 1949. Since that time, China’s policy was determined majorly by one man, Mao Ze Dong. He tried to mimic Soviet Union’s pushing policy and wanted to focus China’s development towards industry. China has pursued this development strategy for 30 years, industrial sector of China has developed a lot. However, it came with a high cost. I think Mao’s economic policy created more harm than good for the Chinese economy during the pre-reform period. During the economic recovery period, 1949-1952, Mao decided to recreate Soviet Union’s economic model in China. The government redistributed many lands to poor farming households. The Communist party earned supports from grass-root level farmers by implementing …show more content…
The plan focused in construction of 156 large industrial projects which were all imported from soviet and Eastern Europe. In 1955-1956, the government decided to have public ownership over many things. This policy led to a drastic change to the households. At the end of 1954 only 2% of households enrolled in coorperatives or collectives; by the end of 1956, only 2% of them did not enroll. Shops and factories in urban areas also turned into cooperatives during early 1956. Private ownership was no more after 1956. Khrushchev of the Soviet Union declared that all communist countries had the right to determine their own path to socialism on February 25, 1956. Chinese government had turned their policy making attitude since that day. It criticized its earlier policies as “reckless advance”. Chinese government allowed public political discussion known as the hundred flowers. During 1958-1960, which was the period of “The Great Leap Forward”, one of China’s darkest times. Mao started this “Great Leap Forward” movement by attacking all liberal intellectuals and critics who had spoken their opinion in the hundred flowers. Mao then started an “Anti-Rightist campaign” that aimed to eliminate intellectuals who are not in the party. 800000 …show more content…
First of all, slowdown in economic growth. During the first 5-year plan period, China had a roughly 9-percent increase in economy. It decreased to 5-percent growth on average during 1957-1978. Mao’s policies shifted the whole country’s development from agricultural to industrial. China was not familiar with industrial at that time. A sudden change from agricultural to industrial was not good for people at that time. Also, after developing bad relationship with Soviet, China lacked the technology power to develop industry. Therefore the growth rate of the whole economy slowed
The Great Leap Forward of 1958–59 initially produced sharp gains in industry and agriculture, but the zeal for increased quotas quickly resulted in undue strain on resources and quality. The Great Leap was followed by "three bitter years" of economic crisis brought on by bad harvests and the economic dislocation of the previous period. By 1961, the GNP had fallen to an estimated $81 billion, roughly the level reached in 1955. By 1965, however, a readjustment of expectations, coupled with a careful program of industrial investment, helped the economy to recover. China 's trade patterns, meanwhile, had shifted radically away from the USSR and toward Japan and Western
When I was 10 years old I looked up communism, and it meant ‘a society where property was public, and everyone would be helped according to needs.’ This confused me because I had always heard of communism in a negative context. Such a society would mean that, everyone would have food, water, shelter, an education and job. This is the ideal society. So why was it talked about with disgust and horror?
The Vietnam War is considered one of the most controversial wars in United States history. The United States is one of the greatest superpowers at the time and were seen as the helping hand for doing the right thing. The United States were dragged into this war in order to stop the spread of communism throughout the Democratic South Korea. Many Americans saw this as the United States intervening in another country’s civil war which is not our duty. Americans also used the draft in a poor way affecting the young and African American population.
The Chinese communist party gained much power after going after and attacking the Kuomintang and its anti communist policies into Taiwan. With the growth of the communist party’s power, the peasant and lower class experienced major influence that would change the course of their lives forever. Chinese peasants and the Chinese communist party between circa 1925 and circa 1950 had a relationship in which the party fostered and cared the state of the people. This created a sense of nationalism and pride for the peasants, while they were advocating social equality, and showing anti-Japanese sentiment. First of all, the Chinese communist party greatly influenced the peasant class in sparking and igniting a sense of nationalistic unity into the
At first in August of 1945, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Nationalists made a treaty to have the dispute be peaceful, but in 1946, they were both fighting over China once again. The CCP had captured Beijing with the help of the leader Mao Zedong who declared the formation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Nationalist Jiang Jieshi was then obligated to migrate to Taiwan where he formed his alternative government the Republic of China (ROC). The CCP claimed to be the party of the workers and the peasants meaning they supported their rights and wanted more equality for them. The Nationalist party claimed nationalism, democracy, and people’s livelihood.
The Great Leap Forward took place during 1958 and 1960 (C). Mao introduced the Great Leap Forward as a means to catch up to the West’s development through agricultural and industrial development. The key factors of this movement were Propaganda, the introduction of communes and hard labour. While this was claimed to be in the interests of the Chinese population, the manner in which Mao lead this campaign, in addition to its devastating consequences, cannot prove these claims true (A). Mao’s goals for China were impossible to achieve as he believed the country could make a century’s worth of achievements in as little as a few decades (B).
The early republic had frequent wars and changes in policies which eventually led to a collapse of central authority and economic contraction. In the republic of China, after the fall of the Qing dynasty, new industrial developments resulted in an increase in demand for Chinese goods. This demand led to an increase of profit for the industrial workers. Years later around 1931, the rural economy of China hit a Great Depression. The Great Depression was caused by an overproduction of agricultural goods which led to an increase on imports and falling prices in the Chinese market.
As China grew with population and technologies, so did their government. Their military was weak but they had the idea to make iron and steel weaponry. The increase of weapons allowed the Chinese military to have more power over the people. Yet, the downfall of their era was their tactics in controlling their army and the rebellious citizens. As China’s economy and population grows, so does the growth of politics and Urban life styles.
Corruption was rampant in politics and labor. There was a growing disparity between the rich and the poor and the large influx of migration wasn't helping this. All the while the urban middle class were experiencing a growth in this period. (pg3) Reformers were comprised mainly of the middle class.
In the mid 19th century, the Chinese were experiencing extreme poverty and discontent. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, China was a booming economic power, producing a large majority of the world’s goods. But the country fell behind in technology and industry, not understanding how to utilise and distribute their land effectively. Rebellions, such as the Taiping Rebellion, and the military failure of the Opium Wars demonstrated to the Chinese government that reform was required. After defeating the rebels, the government attempted to appease them with the Self-Strengthening Movement.
To explain, there was heavy fighting during 2nd century BCE between the Xiongnu and dynasties. For this reason, the economy of China declined because of the Great Wall of
Secondly, the Cultural Revolution and the chaos and disaster this had on the Chinese population, especially through the “Down to the Countryside movement” and finally, the Cult of Mao and what the idolisation and glorification of Mao meant for the future of China. Mao’s introduction of the Great Leap Forward policy and the impacts and effects this had on the Chinese population as well as its role in the introduction of the Cultural Revolution played a key role in shaping China into what it is today. The plan’s failure lead to Mao’s loss of power, which resulted in Mao introducing the Cultural Revolution in China. Unfortunately, Mao’s five-year plan was a disaster, and caused the death of an estimated twenty to forty
Analyse the reasons for, and the consequences of, China’s attempt to modernise and overcome its weaknesses in the period 1862 to 1864. From 1861 to 1895, China began a self-strengthening movement to modernise by adopting foreign ideas to improve their political, military, and economic state. The main reason for this was to defend themselves against future threats, from both external and internal forces. In addition, the Tongzhi Restoration from 1860 to 1874, was also a part of the self-strengthening movement, put in place with the purpose of reviving the Qing dynasty’s fading powers and halting dynastic decline. However, the movement met with limited success, due to the entrenched social-cultural ethos of the Chinese people, and the failure
Mao Zedong (1893-1976) September 9, 1976, Mao Zedong, the prominent figure of Chinese communism revolution and the founder of People’s Republic of China after suffering from Parkinson’s disease for a long period of time, passes away at the age of 82 in Beijing, China. In a small village of Shaoshan in Hunan province, Mao Zedong was born into a peasant family in December 26, 1893. From his early childhood, Mao experienced extremities related to his family’s economic status; working everyday in the field, unable to study, forced marriage, and others. In his teenage life, Mao left to Changsha for half a year of military service until 1912, and education in a Teacher’s training school. After, Mao worked in the University Library, encountering revolutionary idea and Marxism, and in 1921, he became the branch of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
In 1976 Mao died and Deng Xiaoping took over as China’s leader. Like Mao, Deng focused first on the countryside and gave out land to farmers and paid the farmers how much they grew a year this lead to farmers being able to pick which crops they wanted to farm and Deng have the farmers to pay taxes instead of handing over a third of their crops. Since the majority of China’s population was farmers this gave a boost to their economic standing and an opportunity for a better