Marcel Duchamp
Marcel Duchamp was born on 28 July, 1887 near Blanville, France. His maternal grandfather was Frederic Emile Nicole, painter and engraver, and his mother painted landscapes. This influenced not only Marcel Duchamp but also four of his siblings to become involved in art. His first painting dates back to when he was 15 years old, and depicts landscape in Blanville. This painting reflects his family’s love for Impressionism especially for the works of Claude Monet.
After his two older brothers left home to pursue a career in art, he joined them in 1904 in Paris, to study at the Academie Julian. Because he was influenced by Impressionism at such early age, this style was present in his work for a very long time. In his 1968 BBC
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Instead he was exploring intellectual approach in which the concept and the idea itself mattered more than the visual representation.
Duchamp abandoned painting for more radical experiments which included readymades and kinetic, almost mechanical works. Amongst his few paintings Nude descending a staircase is the most famous one.
The nude descending a staircase
Nude descending a staircase is the painting that made Duchamp famous. When it was exhibited at Armory Show in New York, 1913 it enjoyed scandalous success. Altough the painting caused public outrage, it was the focal point of the exhibition outshining the works of other artists which included Cezanne, Gauguin, and Pablo Picasso.
The New York Times compared it to “an explosion in a shingle factory”, and American Art News called it “the conundrum of the season”, offering a hefty ten dollar reward “to find the lady”. J. F. Griswold’s published a caricature titled The Rude Descending a Staircase (Rush Hour at the Subway), in The New York Evening Sun on March 20, 1913.
Duchamp was not concerned with the negative review, on the contrary, he enjoyed it. After all the major characteristic of his work is to provoke.
He took an interest in art when he was around three
Camille Pissarro is born in the U.S Virgin Islands in 1830. He is born part French and part Danish from his parents. He moved to Paris at the age of 12 to pursue his career overseas. During his time overseas, he became interested in the French Arts, especially in the philosophy of anarchism. Overseas, he also studies in different institutes to learn more about the arts.
Eventually, he was familiar with modern painting and decided to paint like that for a long time. That soon ended when he returns to the Midwest, he forgot everything that he had learned about modern art to paint realistic style art. He wanted to paint art that had a cultural and colonial meaning to it. Around august,
When he was fourteen years old he came across abstract paintings by Jackson Pollock which was what influenced him to begin his artistic career. He furthered his education at the University of Washington School of Art as well as Yale University School of Art and Architecture. Following his graduation from Yale he received a scholarship to study in Vienna. After studying at the Akademie der Bildenen Künste he moved back to the United States in 1967 to begin his journey. There he started creating his portraits that he is known for which consist of a grid with designs within it.
In Europe he visited museums in France and Italy. Once he furthered his knowledge about Impressionism art in Europe, he moved to Chicago, Illinois. In Chicago he created metal, jewelry, furniture, and copperware by using new skills he learned when taking classes at the Art Institute
He was born in 31, December 1869 in Le Cateau-Cambrésis in Northern France. He was a painter, sculptor, drafts man, and printmaker. His mother was an amateur painter and his father was a corn merchant. He studied law from 1887 to 1891 and then decided to go to Paris, to become a painter. He drew some amazing paintings and all of them had a story behind it.
In this style of painting, Matisse began using bright colors, and disregard for details within the works. Matisse used his knowledge of the Impressionist style to create the backbone for Fauvism. The movement did not last very long. Many pieces of Matisse art during this phase were nudes, but he did paint of portrait of his wife, Portrait of Madame Matisse, The Green Line 1905, which I will examine later within my paper. During WWI, Matisse’s life seemed to fall apart.
Monet was named the father of the French Impressionism movement because he was responsible for bringing most of the individuals together (.theartstory.org/artist-monet). Monet’s work was mostly oil on canvas paintings that were in the Realism and Impressionism styles. His most important paintings were Parasol-Madame Monet and Her Son and the series called “Water Lilies”. According to the website, The Art Story, “Impressionism and Monet are now considered the basis for all of modern and contemporary art, and are thus quintessential to almost any historical survey” (theartstory.org/artist-monet). Pierre-Auguste Renoir was born to a simple, working class family in France.
By 1913, he was one of the leaders of the new artistic movements called cubism. Most of the previous forms of artwork before cubism expressed the world in a rather realistic way. The subjects of the piece of artwork, whether it was a person, an animal, or a bowl of fruit, were generally quite easy to recognize. Led by artists Pablo Picasso, George Braque, Diego Rivera and a number of other painters who worked in Paris in the early years of the twentieth century challenged all of that. Cubist painting often depicted common objects in exaggerated geometric form.
Instead he copied paintings from several churches in Italy. Also, he meets various painters who influenced him to pursue his art education. His
Hopper had a comfortable childhood, growing up in a middle class family. Here, his parents encouraged him to become an artist, as they saw his artistic talent even at a very early age. Hopper was given a chance to work with many mediums such as oil, charcoal, and watercolor. As Hopper became even more passionate about art, he decided to go to The New York School of Art and Design, where an impressionist painter named Robert Henri inspired him. Through his time studying with Henri, he learned to “paint the everyday conditions of their own world in a realistic manner” (Murphy).
“The Great Masturbator” an oil on canvas was painted in 1929, it is a representation of Dali’s sexuality and his
Piet Mondrian, he is the founder of the Dutch modern movement, The De Stilj. It is recognized for the purity of his abstraction. His aim were to simplify the essential features of his paintings for it to become more as a reflection to what he saw as the spiritual order in the visible world, creating a clear, universal aesthetic language within his materials. In his best known paintings from the 1920, Mondrian reduced his shapes to lines and rectangles and his palette to fundamental basics pushing past references to the outside world toward pure abstraction. His iconic abstract works remain influential in design and familiar in popular culture to this day.
Manet debuted, arguably one of his most famous paintings, Olympia at the 1865 Paris Salon. Since its debut, Olympia has been the source of much debate and controversy. The public saw this piece as obscene—a flagrant disrespect to established moral traditions. However, current discussions focus less on the “lewd” nature of this painting and more on the theoretical perspectives explaining why the public viewed Olympia as scandalous. In “Manet’s Olympia: The Figuration of Scandal,” author Charles Bernheimer argues for a Freudian perspective in which sex is the most important factor influencing public opinion.
He claims that it is within all of us that we want to preserve ourselves, and a way to do this is to create an arousing nude. An imaginary rule he seems to have made up, is that if a nude art does not arouse the viewer, it is bad art. A man should be sexually attracted to it or it has failed to be art. His view on the Japanese versions is that they must not understand how to do a nude because they incorporate aging and changing throughout life. It seems like he thinks that Durer’s drawings were failures because he drew them too accurate.