Marcel And Sartre's Existentialism

Marcel considered one of the most significant existentialists in his time. In 1910, Marcel received his doctor's degree in logic from the Sorbonne, as he became interested in the intellectual life. Marcel and many of European writers influenced by the World War I, so he became fascinated with matter of death. He was one the famous figures in renaissance as he became superior in drama, philosophy, music, politics, and theology. Throughout his adult life, he addicted to piano. In literature, Marcel wrote more than 30 plays. His most major philosophical works involve Being and Having (1949), The Mystery of Being, Volume I and II, Man against Mass Society and Creative fidelity. He is not a methodical sophist. Soren Kierkegaard ideas affected

While Marcel's "Christian existentialism" provoked sharp contradiction between his work and the legend existentialism of Jean

Paul Sartre. The most essential ideological conflict between Marcel and Sartre was over autonomy. According to Marcel, autonomy is represented in a detection of the self as an individual acceptant to others instead of exerting authority. Sartre's notion of obligation is based on the ability of the individual decisions are fully independence. Yet, Marcel's commitment was the first respond to recur the self as a being.

Self and body Marcel's view of the self is unique in existentialist intellect. Marcel is not convinced with any other philosophical ideas. For instance, the Cartesian analysis of the relationship of self to body is not satisfied Marcel, because his analysis is superficial. On the other hand, Marcel engages Descartes' view that the self cannot be miniature to the body, observing that " Descartes was right… consciousness is essentially something that is the contrary of a body, of a thing…"(Sweetman, 2008, p.23). He notes that "postulate that body and soul are things must be rejected; and this rejection entails consequences of the first importance" (as cited in Sweetman, 2008, p.24). He focuses on the relation between the aware subject and its body. One of the major observations of Marcel's phenomenological analysis of embodiment is that

In his opinion, individual could overcome the silliness of life and alienation by philosophy and religion to live a real meaningful existence. Marcel thinks himself a "Socratic Christian" in the heritage of St Augustine and other philosophers. Although, he was not faithfulness man and his philosophy was not as dark as most related to existentialism. Marcel's works characterized by optimistic ideas that represent in hope. Sometimes things do not go well, so Marcel thought that hope is not belief that things will be quiet well. According to Marcel, the enigma of being is not a matter to be solved. The notion of hope depends on his distinguish between the idea of problem and mystery. "A problem is something which I meet, which I find completely before me, but which I can therefore lay siege to and reduce. But a mystery is something in which I am myself involved…" (Marcel, 1949, p. 117). Regard for problematic man, life is a string of chances that hold, and the body is repelled from the problematic man's materiality. Marcel believes that there is no problem more important or difficult than determining how to overcome unhopeful in personal turn. Hope in the moral life serves as a ground for relationship with the self, others and