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Pollution In The Marine Environment

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Diane Bailey and Gila Solomon (2004) in their study explained that the seaports are major hubs of economic activity and environmental pollution in coastal urban areas. Due to increasing global trade, transport of goods through ports has been steadily increasing and will likely continue to increase in the future. Evaluating air pollution impacts of ports requires considerations of numerous sources, including marine vessels, trucks, locomotives and off-road equipment used for moving cargo. The air quality impacts of ports are significant, with particularly large emissions of diesel exhaust, particulate matter, and nitrogen oxides. The health effects of these air pollutants to residents of local communities include asthma, other respiratory diseases, …show more content…

Dwarakish (2015) in their article of Costal Pollution review they studied the harmful effects of various substances on the marine environment were reviewed by collecting and studying the relevant literature. Various sources for the pollution of marine environment were identified and the causes for the same are understood. Many of the pollutants that are let into the sea are directly or indirectly by human activities. Some of these substances are biodegradable, while some are not. Several laws and policies have been taken in preventing marine pollution at the national and international levels. Simulation of oil spills has been done by developing models in some parts of the world. The pollution off the shore is increasing at an alarming rate and to address this problem of pollution in the oceans is a difficult task, and a variety of approaches are urgently …show more content…

Shirodkar et. Al in their article of Impact of water quality changes in harbour environment due to port activities along the west coast of India, biological and physico-chemical study was done in three harbours Kandla, Mangalore and Mormugao for the various periods from the year 2002 to 2007. Hydrodynamic modeling, R-mode factor analysis, and water quality index (WQI) were used as to understand dominant factors influencing water quality and their impacts on harbour water quality. Overall Index of Pollution i.e. OIP values determined for Kandla harbour water that are evaluated from water quality index, shows increases OIP>4 characterized as polluted harbour water quality during all seasons. Analysis of Mormugao harbor showed OIP values in between 2.51 to 2.75 which is characterized as slightly polluted harbor water during post-monsoon, and analysis done for Mangalore harbour showed OIP values ranges in between 1 to 2 which is acceptable harbour water quality. For calculation of WQI, sub-index for each pollutant was obtained as per Sargaonkar and Deshpande (2003). Then WQI values are transformed into a single number called as Overall pollution Index which is given by mathematical expression as

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