4.1 Threats and Challenges to Coastal Security
India faces a number of threats and challenges that originate from the sea and which are mainly non-conventional in nature. These non-conventional threats and challenges can be categorised undermentioned five broad categories which are as follows:-
i. Maritime terrorism ii. Piracy and armed robbery iii. Smuggling and trafficking iv. Infiltration, illegal migration and refugee influx
v. Straying of fishermen beyond the maritime boundary.
4.2 Maritime Terrorism.
The most important threat the maritime terrorism features as the most important one. Maritime terrorism can be defined as “the undertaking of terrorist acts and activities within the maritime environment, using or against vessels or
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Merchant Ships are easy targets for the terrorist bunches as, with the exception of their colossal size, they have for all intents and purposes no method for their protection and threat prevention. Ships that are focused on could be passenger ships, extravagance journey liners, oil tankers, or maritime specialty. These merchant ships could be commandeered, assaulted by rockets, projectiles and guns, or stuffed with explosives and decimated. Of the considerable number of strategies, capturing in coastal waters or at high seas has been the most favoured method for terrorism in light of the fact that a substantial number of passenger can be held prisoner/hostage which gives greatest reputation to the terrorist group and it will give them maximum publicity also. There are various instances of such demonstrations of fear in the maritime history.
4.3 Terrorist attack
Terrorist attack in the coastal space, along these lines, remain a reasonable and present peril. Security experts have invoked a few likely situations in which terrorist gatherings could do sea fear acts. Some of these are:-
i. Using payload boats or compartments to carry in explosives to assault real business
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These substantial scale deluges throughout the decades have brought about boundless political turmoil in the Border States. To forestall invasion and expansive scale unlawful movement, the Indian government executed widespread security measures which included keeping up strict vigil along the border, the erection of wall, and the careful checking of outsiders/illegal immigrants. The involved security game plans sea constrained the terrorists and illicit vagrants to look towards the ocean where efforts to establish safety are similarly less vigilant, empowering them to 'move, shroud and strike' without breaking a easiness/sweat. The pattern of invasion through the ocean course has been seen as of late with the development of fencing along the India-Pakistan and India-Bangladesh outskirts. The trend of infiltration through the sea route concerned, the spring territories of Gujarat have been exceedingly powerless. Topographical vicinity to Pakistan and a landscape that is helpful for stealth developments make the district perfect for penetration. Although such individuals don't represent an immediate danger to India's security, however the likelihood that fear agents could exploit this and sneak into the nation in the pretence of vagrants and refugees remains. Likewise, given the unforgiving monetary conditions in the nations from where they come,
At the same time, the author presents the idea that not only does the issue address disregard for Indian sovereignty in the US, but internationally as well. The dispute does not end
The history of Operation Gatekeeper was a Clinton-era measure that was implemented by the U.S. Border Patrol. Operation Gatekeeper was announced in Los Angeles on September 17, 1994, by then U.S. Attorney General Janet Reno. The Operation in 1994 was established with the objective of regaining control of the San Diego-Tijuana Border, which is the busiest land crossing in the world (Nevins, 2003). Operation Gatekeeper was a calculated plan that called for three tiers of agent deployment. The primary fence with various other USBP implementation initiatives along the San Diego border proved to effective but fiscally and environmental expensive.
The connotation of the word terror has changed drastically from the 18th century to now due to the prominent terrorist groups, such as ISIS, in today’s society. This is due to the fact that in the 18th century terror most prominently meant the act of inflicting terror upon others, while today terror is often associated with acts of terrorism. Rediker states that there were two types of terror during the “golden age”, including terror conducted by the states and terror inflicted by the pirates. The buildup of states and pirates being portrayed as terrorists was inevitable due to the self interests of colonial empires. The beginning of pirates being seen as terrorist is evident in Document one by Excellencies Command Isaac Addington.
The British are taking American ships and crewmen. If this non-sense doesn’t stop, I’m not going to be able to send my merchandise abroad. Why doesn’t our navy resist these attacks! I read in the Boston Times that the British tried taking crewmen from the Chesapeake. Why isn’t Jefferson doing anything to prevent this!
Due to that, criminals took great advantage of the huge Indian Territory to escape from the law and hide. The Indian Territory had an immense number of criminals from all over the country. They would terrorize anyone who would get in there way. In order to take
Terrorism and its impact on policing Stockton University Grizel Rivera 10/28/2015 Abstract Terrorism has not made a lasting impact on Americans until September 11, 2001. Since 9/11, research on terrorism has been increasing and it had been determined that terrorism is a complex area. So law enforcement needs to be educated on the different aspects of terrorism. Since September 11th, local, state, and federal law enforcement have made changes to become more effective in detecting terrorists and deterring attacks.
“Piracy has doubled in the last decade” according to White (2006) (pg.66). With the rise of these piracy acts, warships from several nations were sent out to sea but with unspecific instructions about what they should be doing. Jihadist groups recognizing the immense possible profits they could make through capturing industrial ships and releasing them for ransom; which is exactly what they began to do. In 2010 several nations signed an agreement to work together against maritime terrorism and piracy as it is ridiculous. Warships protected areas they were familiar with and shipping companies began hiring armed guards.
However, the U.S. Navy is an essential component in backing free trade globally. Much of the world’s commerce, including oil, is moved from country to country on large shipping freighters. If a small group of pirates or terrorist were to hijack, or destroy, only a handful of these vessels, the world economy could potentially crash due to the increased price of gasoline. This could have catastrophic consequences such as rioting, widespread panic, and tension between countries. The U.S. Navy is devoted to protecting international trade routes from such occurrences.
On December 7th of 1941, an attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese changed the course of history of the United States and the world. This attack on an American naval facility claimed a staggering 2,403 lives and wounded 1,178 others forcing the United States’ formal entrance into World War II. I was very fortunate to visit and participate in a South Washington County ISD 833 group band performance at this historic site, in honor of the 75th anniversary of the Pearl Harbor attack. While visiting this monument, I learned about the significance of this International aggression on the American soil. This attack symbolized a threshold point for Americans from just offering support to the Europeans to becoming actively involved in the war.
Ahh!! The ship is under attack!The third reason of why the ship could have been dangerous it that the ship could have been taken over by pirates. “You’re a girl, a pretty girl (Avi 109).” If the pirates knew that there was a rich girl on the ship, they could have robbed her. After that, the pirates could have enslaved the rest of the crew members.
Secondly, they also commit the crime using dangerous weapons. Finally, this was an act of violence protected people. One reason that it is terrorism is because they conspired to hijack the boat. “... at 10 o'clock at the Old South meeting house, where they pass’d a unanimous vote that the Tea should go out of the Harbour that afternoon.”
Analysis of “The Seafarer” “The Seafarer” by an anonymous Anglo-Saxon scop, focuses on the themes of personal conflict and the desire to be on a journey. Have you ever experienced love and hate at the exact same time? This Anglo-Saxon elegy reveals the pain of isolation, desire, love, and confusion the sea causes the speaker to feel when he faces fate. The Seafarer has developed a love-hate relationship for his passion.
However, it still cannot avoid some issues such as the piracy and terrorist issues. Besides that, the increasing of the ships and other maritime related activity will bring the issue of the environmental pollution issue. It will bring the threats of maritime pollution because of the accidental spills, illegal dumping of waste, and so on. As well as, that will influence the health of the human and organism inside the sea. Therefore, to address maritime security concern requires international efforts.
National Security in the 21st Century will encompass threats ranging from fraud, corruption, illegal migration, transnational crime and environmental degradation. One could consider seven broad subject areas of focus, economic security, food security, health and environment security, personal security and community security. The new threats to national security will come from emerging issues like terrorism, oil and gas depletion, environmental concerns, including climatic alterations, HIV/AIDS and over-population. National Security
What happens in a terrorist attack affects many people in the world. The aftermath of an attack is what has the largest impact on people’s lives. However, terrorism does not have the same effect on everyone. The threat is not taken as seriously by some people. Some might think that it is an empty threat, but others might think it is a serious threat.