The Marxist position is that the mode of production does in fact determine the superstructure of political relations. Therefore, it is argued, history can be understood as of product of dialectical process- the contradiction between the evolving techniques of production and the resistant sociopolitical system. As for the concept of “national interest,” the national interest of a given nation-state is, of course, what its political and economic elite determines it to be” .The dominant idea of contemporary bourgeois thinking is that increasing international integration of economic activity, or “globalization” will lead to prosperity and peace for all. But globalization is not a concept that helps us understand the world around us. It is an ideological construct used to trumpet capital victory- to conceal the crisis ridden nature of the system and its
In this essay I will discuss the views of Conflict Theorists on education and the implications it does when dealing with curriculum and learners. Marx argued the bourgeoisie (ruling-class) used the capitalist economic system to extract surplus value from the proletariat (working-class). Marxism is seen as a conflict approach because of the class conflict the above system creates between the two social-classes (the opposite of the consensual approach Durkheim, Parsons Etc. argue). Contemporary Marxists argue globalisation has created a global bourgeoisie based on the evidence of a global 1% of ruling-class owning the means of production.
According to Marx and Engel, cited by Linklater (2005), there are two social classes, namely the bourgeoisies and the proletariats. The bourgeoisies have power in government and economics, while proletariats are only workers ruled by bourgeoisies (p.110). Marx said, “Class struggle have been the principal form of conflict in the whole of human history. Political revolution has been the main agent of historical development while technological innovation has been the driving-force behind social change” (Marx in Linkanter, 2005, p. 114). It means that there should be a political revolution to solve the class struggle.
China, and even Australia are multi0ethnic entities. Everywhere except Europe, we see that the form of the nation is being evolved out. We are outgrowing this historical artefact of tribal nationalism almost everywhere, as Marx predicted would happen, multinational capitalism is growing and it’s contradictions are growing along with it. In Europe we see the attempt to apply to braks to this development by those like the rightists and neo-fascist who want to cling on to reaction and obscure, outmoded forms and ideas. They seem to be like latter day Chateaubriands and hopelfully the monarchs will not face the same fate as Louis Philippe.
The Communist Manifesto is home to the the Communist Program, a set of measures detailed out by Karl Marx, measures that are required to be enacted to achieve the communist state from the capitalist society. These measures range from radical to reasonable; a few have been modified and adapted into the United States, such as free public education for children. Others seem simply farcical to be applied to a capitalist society, even when aiming for communism. Are these measures truly feasible to be applied in a capitalistic society, or would the populace be too caught up in Capitalism to accept the path set before them? As Capitalism is seen by Marx as an essential stepping stone, despite the potential corruption of the proletariat by the bourgeois, it seems unlikely that a portion of these could be applied; specifically ones concerning radical fiscal measures.
He has shown that as long as capitalism is there, the threat of fascism is always there. The crisis in capitalism which leads to the economic misery of the masses produces fascism. Thus, the ultimate cure of fascism is to uproot capitalism itself. However, it must be prevented whenever and wherever the fascist party rises. One of the reasons for the failure to prevent the Nazi party was lack of united opposition to it.
Marxism is principally concerned with modes of production, social exploitation through unjust distribution, and social emancipation through the transcendence of capitalism. Karl Marx himself anticipated the growth of globality that ‘capital by its nature drives beyond every spatial barrier to conquer the whole earth for its market’. Accordingly, to Marxists, globalisation happens because transworld connectivity enhances opportunities of revenue creating and surplus buildup . Marxists reject both liberalist and political realist explanations of globalisation. It is the outcome of historically specific impulses of capitalist development.
There for I believe that communism as Marx describes it is not necessarily ideal, but he does make certain points questionable and he helps understand what type of society we are living in and how communism can change a society as a whole. Even though Marx did speak about extremist measures and seemed like an advocate that was convinced on to use any way to make a society work such as revolutions and a violence in order to have rights and freedoms one can see that he had a well though out extreme way to transition from a capitalist society to a communist society. “We have seen above, that the first step in the revolution by the working class, is to raise the proletariat to the position of ruling as to win
Prior to the 1800s time was not standardised, but now standard time is a fundamental part of society. The reality of standardisation is obvious, but for many the process and motivation for standardisation is in question. While other perspectives like modernisation should be considered, the weight of evidence points towards a Marxist one - that is that the standardisation of time was a tool of control and need of capitalism. Such standardisation was not only “official”, but also internal in the sense that the a person accepted and acted in regularity to such standard time. The Marxist view is that capitalism is the dominant cause of standardisation as it transformed time into a commodity, and standardisation was greatly needed.
To make matter worse, modernization theory, which Marxism believes is an essential element of capitalism, further worsens the imbalances between the economic classes. For example, globalization advocates for lesser intervention of government in economic activities but Marxists believe that such action would encourage the growth of bourgeoisie while proletariats would always suffer. Thus, Marxism is a humanity-cantered philosophy. It is also an activist view of looking at the society. It recognizes the constraints upon human action and also acknowledges that those constraints are the creations of other sets of human beings.