Mataram Kingdom
Keraton of Yogyakarta and Solo have deeply rooted in long history of Islamic Mataram Kingdom. The existence of Yogyakarta and Solo cannot be separated from the history of Islamic Mataram Kingdom. As one of the biggest Islamic-Javanese kingdom in Nusantara, Mataram was great kingdom which played important role in Javanese society during the Dutch colonial period. Furthermore, Mataram kingdom has frequently depicted as symbolism of harmonious relationship between Javanese’s values and Islamic values. Under the Sultan Agung reign, Mataram tried to reconcile Islamic culture and Javanese values by conjoining Islamic calendar (Hijriyyah) and Javanese calendar (Saka) in the 1633, adjusting kingdom’s law to Islamic law, and placing Ulama’s as kingdom advisors (Harun, 1994:295). As …show more content…
Another feature of Islamic identity in Mataram kingdom is ‘Sultan’ tittle which is obtained from Ulama in holy city Makkah, previously the kings of Mataram tittled ‘Sasuhunan’ which means the guardian of Allah. (Purwadi, 2010:313). Under such circumstances, the Islamization of Javanese society was inevitable accross the Mataram land. As the successor of Mataram kingdom, actually both Yogyakarta and Solo are the political product of Giyanti agremeent in the 1755. The internal war within Mataram kingdom and the friction among the princes especially between Prince of Mangkubumi and Pakubuwana III for the throne led to political compromy namely Giyanti agremeent. The Giyanti agremeent divided Mataram into two main kingdom, they are Kasunanan Surakarta which is ordered by the descendants of
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