ipl-logo

Maternal Inheritance Essay

1755 Words8 Pages

INTRODUCTION:- Several experiments have shown the presence of the genes on chromosomes inside the nucleus. These genes inside nucleus control the phenotypes of the organisms and are transmitted from one generation to next generation. This hereditary transmission is known as Mendelian Inheritance. The nuclear genes are inherited from male and female parents in equal proportions and contribute equally to the genetic constitution of the offspring. However, some inheritance patterns have been observed which do not follow the regular Mendelian inheritance or even the extensions of the Mendelian genetics. These variations confer that the genes for the inheritance of certain characters do not occur within the nucleus. These are present in cytoplasm …show more content…

Different phenotypes of progeny in reciprocal cross In cytoplasmic inheritance, transmission of a trait usually occurs through only one parent i.e., uniparental inheritance. Uniparental transmission occurring through mother is called maternal inheritance and through father is called paternal inheritance. Maternal inheritance is most common uniparental inheritance. Difference between maternal inheritance and maternal effect ??? Maternal inheritance occurs when the hereditary determinants of a trait are extra nuclear and genetic transmission is only through the maternal cytoplasm, whereas maternal effect occurs when the nuclear genotype of the mother determines the phenotypes of progeny. In maternal effect, the hereditary determinants are nuclear genes transmitted by both sexes. EVIDENCE FOR EXTRA NUCLEAR INHERITANCE: Evidence for cytoplasmic inheritance was first reported by Carl Correns (one of the rediscoverers of Mendel’s work) in Mirabilis jalapa (4o’clock plant) in 1908. He observed that some branches in 4o’clock plant had white leaves, some had green and some had variegated leaves. The completely white leaves and the white areas in variegated leaves were devoid of chlorophyll that otherwise provides green colour. It comes out that the branch colour is determined by the phenotype of the ovule source. If the seeds (future progeny) were derived from ovules on branches with green leaves, all progeny plants have only green leaves. It doesn’t depend on the source of

Show More
Related

  • Summary Of Inheritance By Dr. Moalem Sparknotes

    578 Words  | 3 Pages

    Inheritance by Dr. Sharon Moalem is an exceptional book. Dr. Moalem’s goal for writing this book is to convey a new idea of genetics and inheritance to the reader. In middle school and high school we were taught that our genetics comes from our parents and that they are fixed throughout our lifetime, but Dr. Sharon Moalem brings the idea that the environment may alter them. He states that the food we eat and the trauma we endure during life can imprint onto our genes. Dr. Moalem works with rare genetic disorders where he accumulates his knowledge from research to help treat his patients with changing some environmental factors in their lives.

    Read More

  • Nt1310 Unit 9 Study Guide

    513 Words  | 3 Pages

    1. Nucleus- present only in eukaryotic cells, this structure stores most of the genetic information of the cell. The nucleus directs the production of proteins through the synthesis of mRNA. 2.

    Read More

  • Drosophila Flies Lab Report

    1464 Words  | 6 Pages

    Title: Determining Phenotypes of Crosses Between Drosophila Flies Ameena Ahmed, Ishana Fleurant, Aleksandra Drozdziel, and Chelsea Kornfeld. Abstract The purpose of this experiment is to determine phenotypes of 2 separate crosses between Drosophila flies and compare the outcome to the expected results, which should fit the 9:3:3:1 ratio, set up by the law of independent assortment. A vial with a set of 3 male flies with specific characteristics were mated with 3 female flies with distinct characteristics as one of the two crosses; the characteristics were reversed in a separate cross between 3 males and 3 females, each gender with distinct characteristics.

    Read More

  • Summary Of A Troublesome Inheritance By Nicholas Wade

    1629 Words  | 7 Pages

    In his book, A Troublesome Inheritance, Nicholas Wade attempts to shed light on the perennially taboo subject of the genetics of race. His efforts include a frank conversation about the origins of the matter as well as the justifiably strong feelings that come with it. Wade’s book dives right in by elaborating and explaining in great detail the laborious and often painful processes utilized by the scientific community in reaching consensuses on issues. Wade also unabashedly delves into the dark, horrific events of the 20th Century that stemmed from misconceptions of genetics, race, and politics. It is clear that Wade believes these tragic events have prevented society from addressing the issues and potential for greater understanding that race

    Read More

  • Explain How Genetics Affect Me

    655 Words  | 3 Pages

    For example, the dominant genes that I have are brown eyes, dark brown hair, my height, my skin color, oily skin and my acne. These are the dominant genes that I got from my mom and dad. The dominant genes are practically the genes that overpower the recessive genes from the other person or from recessive genes they had from there parents. Another example, the recessive genes that I have are my nose, lips, that's pretty much of what I can think of. Mostly the dominant genes that I have are from my dad's side of the

    Read More

  • Explain The Key Components Of Darwin's Concept Of Natural Selection

    186 Words  | 1 Pages

    There are four key components to Darwin’s Concept of Natural Selection: Variation, Inheritance, high rate of population growth, and different reproductive successes. Variation exists throughout members of a population, and those who obtain the most prosperous traits (those best suited for their surroundings and circumstances) will survive the best and reduplicate more: that is the “survival of the fittest” (sexiest). Variation also affects the appearance and behavior of an organism. This could involve body size, markings, color, or even the number of offspring an organism could produce.

    Read More

  • Bearded Fruit Fly Lab Report

    1617 Words  | 7 Pages

    Name: Paul Meyer PS ID #: 1305816 BIOL 3311 Fall 2014 Lab Section: 16254 Date: 10/10/14 TA Instructor Name: Tess Doumas Writing Assignment 3: “Bearded (Brd) gene encodes for multiplication and thickening of chaetae and sensilla by interfering with neurogenic pathway” Introduction An important aspect of research is finding an appropriate model to use for performing one’s experiment(s). For biology and genetics, Drosophila melanogaster, the common fruit fly, has proven to be a suitable subject for over the last 100 years. In 1910, a small research group led by principal investigator Thomas Hunt Morgan at Columbia University first utilized Drosophila as a model organism to discover two fundamental concepts of genetics – chromosomal means

    Read More

  • Nt1310 Lab 1

    401 Words  | 2 Pages

    During random fertilization, no gamete has a greater chance than the other with fusing together in sperm and zygote fusion. These processes contribute to the production of genetic variety because of the many opportunities of unique combinations, unlike the process of mitosis, in which identical daughter cells are always the

    Read More

  • Audre Lorde's Dual Inheritance Theory

    1963 Words  | 8 Pages

    The developing gonad, with its affected protoplasm, develops into a new individual of the F2 generation (i.e., offspring), carrying changed soma. New metabolic substances in the F1 organism are passed on to the organism of the newly developing individual, which consequently shows the same variation as the parent, albeit removed from the inducing environment in question. These substances might be of such a nature as to stimulate the formation of antibodies, thus causing a reaction in a later generation. (Schönpflug, “Theory and Research in Cultural Transmission: A Short

    Read More

  • Homozygous Pea Research Paper

    542 Words  | 3 Pages

    These days scientists know how you inherit characteristics from your parents. They're able to calculate probabilities of having a specific trait or getting a genetic disease according to the information from the parents and the family history. But how is this possible? To understand how traits pass from one living being to its descendants, we need to go back in time to the 19th century and a man named Gregor Mendel. Mendel was an Austrian monk and biologist who loved to work with plants.

    Read More

  • Varicocele Semen Analysis

    811 Words  | 4 Pages

    21 Fresh semen samples were diluted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to 2x106 sperm/mL. Fifty µL were incubated with 100 µL lysing reagent for 15 seconds and then 2 mL of PI was added and mixed with tube. Tube acquisition was done by flowcytometry immediately after staining. The intensity of its emission corresponds to the DNA content. Flowcytometric analysis displays a constant and characteristic bimodal nonartifactual DNA pattern indicating the presence of two different populations. The main population is represented by a peak followed by a shoulder ("marginal population"), which represents a sperm group altered in the nuclear condensation, yielding unstable chromatin which appears more stainable with PI.

    Read More

  • Inheriting From Parents: Genetic Traits

    190 Words  | 1 Pages

    When a baby is born they inherit 50% of each parents genetic information in the process of genetic transmition. They transmit their information via their chromosomes during through the gametes they provided during fertilization. There are two specific things that determine a child trait, they are Homozygous and Heterozygous traits. Homozygous trait is Inheriting from parents similar genes for a given trait, while Heterozygous traits are Inheriting from parents different forms of a gene for a given trait. Many different genetic disorders can be transmitted to the child during fertilaztion.

    Read More

  • Mendel's Human Genetics

    767 Words  | 4 Pages

    Summary - Mendel and Human Genetics Mendel 's laws of genetic inheritance initiated an era of genetics which feeds on the complete functional information of each and every ' 'modern ' ' gene of the organisms. Mendel 's studies; instead of being able to reach human genetics directly through his observations, eventually made it 's way to human genetics through the basic rules of genetics that Mendel deduced while working on Pisum sativum. With the advancement of technology and uprising of brilliant minds, the chromosome had its shape defined, along with its behavior deduced during cell division and gametogenesis. All these observations and a formulation for heredity by Weismann led to a need of laws by which characters transfers from parent

    Read More

  • Lamarck's Theory Of Germplasm

    711 Words  | 3 Pages

    Somatoplasm is the fundamental component of germ cells (sperm and eggs) and is the inherited material that is gone from era to era. This perspective negated Lamarck's hypothesis of obtained attributes, which was a predominant hypothesis of heredity of the time. In spite of the fact that the points of interest of the germ-plasm hypothesis have been changed its reason of the progression of genetic material is the current's premise comprehension of the procedure of physical legacy. Germplasm:

    Read More

  • The Importance Of Gender Selection

    987 Words  | 4 Pages

    The ‘X’ sperm chromosomes are statistically longer and larger than ‘Y’ sperm chromosomes. The mean areas of ‘X’ sperm chromosome heads are found to be 6% larger than the ‘Y’ sperm chromosomes. The length of ‘X’ sperm chromosome head, neck and tail are significantly larger and longer than the ‘Y’ sperm chromosomes. The ‘X’ sperm contains approximately 3- 4% more genetic material than ‘Y’ sperm chromosomes. However, few studies reveal no distinguishing characteristics in dimensions observed between ‘X’ sperm chromosomes and ‘Y’ sperm

    Read More

More about Maternal Inheritance Essay

Open Document