The duty of any criminal prosecutor is to seek justice. A conviction is the end of justice being served prior to sentencing; however justice cannot be served if an innocent person is found guilty. Even though the prosecutor(s) are there to represent the public and has the duty to aggressively pursue offenders for violations of state and federal laws, they shall never lose sight or their own moral compass of their main purpose is to find the truth.
The precedent was set in Terry v. Ohio, when the courts ruled that it was sensible for an officer to carry out a restricted search and, if required, seizure of weaponries on an individual that the officer realistically considers could be armed. The result of the Terry case was useful in the case of Michigan v. Long. In this particular case, the standard of the police search in the Terry case was expanded to include motor vehicles. According to the Michigan v. Long case, the court ruled that the police were within their rights of conducting a “Terry’s” search of the person of interest vehicle. In this case, the evidence gained from the search was not discarded as a violation of the person’s Fourth Amendment, but rather seen as being prudently
David Hume and Adam Smith have both laid down essential monetary theories that form the basis of macroeconomics today. The quantity theory of money and the labour theory of value explained to humans how money affects us in our daily lives. Most people do not ponder over this in detail, but thanks to Hume and Smith, we can learn more about money’s role in economics by reading their essays (of money) and book (Wealth of Nations), respectively.
Along the time human beings have been able to evolve and modify its surroundings despite the environmental challenges. As a result, society has been creating laws in order to regulate different aspects of life.
If we talk about finance, money and the economy in America, we must mention JPMorgan Chase bank. It is one of the biggest banks on America with more than 240,000 employees, 5,300 branches and 15,500 ATMs all around USA. This company is notorious for changing the business world then, and still has a footprint on the world does business today. The steps taken to build the success in this company were different, innovative, and nothing any ordinary business would do. The groundwork for JPMorgan Chase Bank’s continuing success was laid by its founder J.P. Morgan, who used his wealth to manipulate the entire American Economy. How did he set the stage of success for his bank? And how did he control the American
The presidential election of 1836 is approaching. Besides heating discussions of the nominees such as Willie Person Mangum, we should also look back into Andrew Jackson’s presidency and ask ourselves: what type of president he is?
Andrew Jackson believed the banks to be corrupt which is the reason that he declared war on them. The First Bank’s charter ended in 1811, so with the War of 1812 and no bank, the country suffered financially and many people were in debt. That’s why in 1816, another bank was chartered and it became known as the Second Bank of the United States. Eventually, the bank grew and had supreme economic power with over 35 million dollars in capital. Most of the money was put into it by investors whereas some was put into it by the government that owned one-fifth of the bank. The bank printed the country’s money, had offices across the nation, could provide loans, collected taxes, payed bills and was even able to move money around the world.
In McClesky v. Kemp the Supreme Court held that a study showing the death penalty in Georgia was imposed on black defendants disproportionately to white defendants failed to establish that any of the decision makers involved in the process acted with a discriminatory purpose. McClesky is a notable case in several respects. First, it highlighted the integrated nature of the criminal justice system and how each component functions to reach a certain result. Second, it emphasized the debate on which actors in the justice system have the most power and what role that power plays in reaching the result. Third, the case also underscored the importance on prosecutors keeping records of their decisions at varying stages of the criminal justice process.
The significance of this triad is that Dartmouth, McColloch, and Gibbons are three landmark Supreme Court cases decided by Chief Justice John Marshall that affected the interpretation of the Constitution and the federal government’s powers. Dartmouth College v. Woodward was decided in 1819 and found that the Contract Clause of the U.S. Constitution which says no State shall make any law impairing the obligation of contracts was good law. It separated public and private charters and created the American business corporation and the free enterprise system. McCulloch v. Maryland was decided in 1819 and allowed the Federal government to pass laws not expressly provided for in the Constitution’s list of enumerated powers. It further developed the
In 2012, the case of Miller v. Alabama was presented in front of the Supreme Court detailing the crimes that took place in 2003 by Evan Miller. In July 2003, Miller, who was only fourteen years old at the time, with companion Colby Smith killed neighbor Cole Cannon by beating him with his own baseball bat and burning down the trailer Mr. Cannon lived in, while he was still inside. In 2004, Miller was to be tried as an adult for his crimes for capital murder. In 2006, he was found guilty and charges with aggravated murder and sentenced to mandatory life imprisonment without any parole.
The first case that caused the Supreme Court to allow officers to authorize a search and seizure, was the Terry vs. Ohio case in 1968. The case ruled whether or not it violated the U.S. Constitution’s Fourth Amendment protection from an unreasonable search and seizure. The Supreme Court then determined that the practice of stopping and frisking a suspect in public does not violate the Fourth Amendment as long as the officer has a “reasonable suspicion”. Suspicions such as a person that may seem like they’re planning a crime, have committed a crime, or that may be armed and appear as dangerous. The reason why this policy escalated was due to an incident that happened On October 31, 1963 in Cleveland, Ohio. Detective Martin McFadden saw two men,
J.D.B v. North Carolina, involved a 13-year-old, seventh-grade student. J.D.B was stopped and questioned by police when they observed him near the site of two home break-ins. Five days later, a digital camera matching one of the items from one of the home break-ins was found at J.D.B’s school and was observed to be in J.D.B.’s possession. Investigator Diconstanzo went to the school and a uniformed police officer went to the school and removed J.D.B. from his classroom and escorted him to a closed-door conference room. Police and school administrators questioned him for a minimum of 30 minutes; without giving him his Miranda warnings or the opportunity to call his legal guardian. They also did not advised him he was free to leave the room. At first J.D.B denied any involvement, but later confessed after being urged by officials to tell the truth and informing him of the possibility of juvenile detention. After J.D.B. confessed Diconstanzo told him he could refuse to
When detained by the Police in Cranston, Rhode Island for breaking and entering Brian Burine was immediately given his Miranda Rights and he denied his right to a lawyer. Though the entire process the piece seemed to have obtained evidence they Mr. Burbine had committed a murder in near by providence Rhode Island.He confessed to the breaking and entering and tot the murder when he waved his rights. Because Mr. Burbine’s sister knew he had an appointment with a certain lawyer she called his office but he specifically was not available but his partner was. The original lawyer’s partner called the police department but the people department told the parent that he had refused his right to council and was
The need for a national bank was very much so necessary. Hamilton also convinced president Washington to sign the bank bill by his lengthy report that stated:
From British taxes contributing to the Revolutionary War to the housing collapse in 2008, every major event in the United States can be tied to money in some way. Money has been a catalyst of change over our history with both positive and negative results with the Department of the Treasury naturally being a central factor. The currencies that predate the dollar helped to create the United States as they funded our fight for freedom in multiple wars. The US dollar, a currency created less than 250 years ago, has shaped the United States history and amazingly become the most polarizing and well-known currency in the world economy.