Mechanical Engineering Case Study

INTRODUCTION :

Mechanical engineering department in king Fahd university gives students who will graduate after semester or year a good opportunity to work as engineer in any company and facing problems and responsibilities with help from supervisors .This chance can give student background and a lot of skills which will help him after graduate from the university .Mechanical engineering is the most important major in the companies and plants , its connected with other majors , the demand of mechanical engineers is increasing every year .

NIBRAS HISTORY & SERVECES:

Is a multidisciplinary national company founded in Medina in 1408 H and began its work in general contracting and gradually ,pipline and in conjunction with the urban expansion

1.2 Pipe fittings:

Fittings are feigned pieces of pipe that are used to make changes of direction, branch from a main pipe or make a reduction in line size such as 90 elbows, 45 elbow, tee, reducers and weld cap.

1.3 Flange Basics:

1.3.1 Rating flanges: Rating means the maximum pressure allowed by pressure piping code for the specific temperature at which the flange will be operating and it is called pound rating. There are many flanges ratings such as 300#, 400#, 600#, 900# and 1500#. Flange type, size and rating are selected depending on pipe size, temperature of commodity.

1.3.2Flange facings: the mating surface of flange, nozzle or valve is called the face. This face helps to prevent the leakage from the pipe

a) Flat face flange: is commonly found in 150# and 300# ratings.

b) Raised face flange: the most common face type in use, it is available in all pound ratings and it needs a gasket to fit with pipe.

c) Ring type joint:it has a ring for connection so it does not need a gasket, it is also available in all pound

Isometric drawing is developed using the three primary dimensions of an object: height, width, and depth. We noticed from the project that the ISO is a detail combination of facility plot plan and piping plan. Fig3 is an example of ISO drawing.

Figure 8: ISO

2.1.4 Process and instrumentation diagram (P&ID): In our center P&ID is done by process department then they send it to our department Piping department.P&ID is used by the piping department to develop and lay out the plot plan. Piping engineers are developing the plot plan, the arrangement of the equipment in the facility reflects, in part, the logical sequence of flow depicted on the flow diagram. Flow diagrams describe in a schematic drawing format the flow of fluids and gases through a unit or an entire plant. The flow diagram provides the piping designerwith an overall view of the operation of a facility. Fig4 is an example of P&ID. Figure 9: P&ID

2.1.5 Piping Material Specification