Mechanical Micromachining
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter presents literatures survey on past research work on mechanical micromachining, pure laser machining at macro, meso and micro scale, Laser assisted machining at macro, meso and micro scale, micro cutting tools and tool coatings. 2.1 MECHANICAL MICROMACHINING The trend of micro-miniaturization (meso 100µm-10µm and micro 0.1-100µm) of the products and its parts has already become forceful in industry, especially in field of biomedical, electro optics, automotive, aerospace and information technology. Specific applications include micro scale fuel cells, fluidic micro chemical reactors requiring micro scale pumps, valves and mixing devices, micro fluidic systems, micro holes for fiber optics, micro nozzles …show more content…
In this process the unwanted part of the work piece is removed by mechanical force through brittle breakage. A high stress that causes breakage of material is applied to a very small area or volume of the work piece. Extremely precise cutting machines with high level of positioning accuracy are designed to perform milling, turning and grinding in micro scale. Tool dimensions and cutting edge sharpness represents challenges in developing this technology in micrometer scale. Coated micro mills down to 30 μm in diameter are commercially available for micro machining purposes. Mono crystalline diamond cutters of no less than 50μm in diameter is also used in the mechanical micro machining process and the diameter cannot be any smaller due to part stability reasons during manufacturing of the part …show more content…
Majority of researchers who have investigated mechanical micromachining process have used cutting force for monitoring or improving the quality of machined products. As in conventional machining, mechanical micromachining cutting force consists mainly of normal and tangential components, usually called shearing/ cutting and plowing/ thrust force respectively. High Ratio of the normal to the tangential component is observed as uncut chip thickness decreases, which indicates a transition of material removal process from cutting to ploughing [7]. Cutting force in mechanical micromachining is significantly influenced by problems that are generally minor in macro- domain as tool wear, unbalance (run- out) and instability (chatter)
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