Media And Information Literacy

Chapter 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

Literacy as a concept has proved to be both complex and dynamic, continuing to be interpreted and define in a multiplicity of ways (UNESCO, 2006). According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizations Position Paper (2004), literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society.

As stated in an article by the National Statistics Office (NSO), the number of people who can read and write in any language or dialect in the Philippines has risen in 2010 compared to ten years ago. In addition to this, the National Capital Region (NCR) had the highest literacy

UNESCO’s MIL indicators background document (2011) states “Media and information literacy begins with the creation of content, based on a collection of raw data. The data may be gleaned from a diverse array of sources, such as written documents, an oral expression of indigenous knowledge, a live news report, a work of art, observations of a live giraffe, or a digital readout from a satellite or medical device. The content produced can take on one form or many.”

As time passes by, the concept of Media and Information Literacy (MIL) has evolved out of these developments, and aims to provide a coherent approach to the new types of literacy in the field of communication and information, this is according to UNESCO (2015).

UNESCO also stated that one of the major reasons for combining these literacies into one compound MIL concept is to equip citizens with necessary competencies to seek and enjoy the full benefits of universal human rights and fundamental freedoms, particularly freedom of expression and access to

Since this study focus on the researches habits and practices of freshmen students, it’s important to know their ability or capability in literacy. According to Robertson (2012), Multiliteracies is a new buzz word. It has made its way into media, communication, the classroom; and it also lends its way not only into how people interact but also how people learn. The theory of multiliteracy persuades the engagement with multiple literacy methods like linguistic, visual, audio, gestural, spatial, and multimodal in able to learn and communicate. In this study, the researchers will able to identify the students most preferred medium and their habits and practices in learning. In a student’s life there are a lot of things to learn and it made possible by the medium that they use. As there is an improvement in technology, people must easily adapt with changes in communication and that’s the role of learning multiliteracy in a person’s life particularly in a student’s