The fortress and the auxiliary buildings that form the castle vary from a text to another. Sometimes the buildings (such as the chapel, the great hall and kitchens) were found within the main tower, other times not. The main tower was the main residence of the ruler. It was made of stone and could have square or round format. The main towers could be integrated into the wall, and had various functions. Residential apartments contained beds and furnishings. They were usually heated by fireplaces and the light came through the windows. The great hall could be in the main tower or in a separate building. In the first castles, as described in the epic poem "Beowulf," the great halls were used for meals and sleep. Later, they were used to entertain …show more content…
By the end of the twelfth century stone castles became more elaborate, not only by technical advances and the military needs as well as the obsession of certain nobles to build fortresses that reflect their dreams of power. The Edward I castles were built as advanced military machine, to ensure its hold on the conquered territory, and served to reinforce its rich and powerful sovereign status. All the kings of the Angevin dynasty, Henry II, Richard I, John and Henry III, spent thousands of pounds on their castles, chasing a reputation for unparalleled authority and prosperity men. It is still surprising that the Angevin dynasty has spent so fabulous sums in these constructions, as their financial resources were not known, the most extraordinary. In fact, their projects were undertaken only by its ability to convince his subjects to finance them, with promises of expanding territories and …show more content…
The artillery could throw heavy balls cannons so hard nor too strong walls stand any. Generally, the medieval castle gave way to fortified cities (almost like a reverse of history) and strong (as the colonial period in North America). Instead of large walls of brick or stone, these forts had large clay platforms with wooden stakes or stone on top. The idea was that thick layers of dust absorb the impact of cannon fire. In addition, these fortifications were easier and faster to build than castles. Initially what we can see is that the castles were always treated in general, as it were, first, a reality throughout medieval Europe, according to which the castles always evolved in closed standards, had the same architectural features and the same functions, which were concentrated in the hands of powerful lords and, therefore, was the hallmark of the absence of central powers in medieval
Mud towers on the Bimaru heights were connected by an earthwork and gun emplacements were dug. Open gaps in the perimeter were made defensible by the construction of wire entanglements and ditches. A gorge running through the centre of the Bimaru heights was protected by flanking trenches and a blockhouse, whilst the northeastern corner, the most vulnerable area of the defences, was buttressed by sandbagging and strengthening an existing fort. The entire cantonment was connected by telegraph, and buildings outside the defences were levelled to provide a clear field of fire.
Land was pivotal to power and stability across kingdoms, it reinforces loyalty to the lords among peasants especially on manor lands as well as it gave the lords soldiers. Greed was also another component which led to disunity as wealthy landowners wanted more than they bargained for. Link: This disunity among the lords led to sieges and battles. Paragraph 2: (119/132) Sieges – QE, GW, Topic: The struggle for power and land resulted in sieges and battles all across Europe with revolutionary weapons.
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With a position on high land overlooking the Hudson River, the fort, in conjunction with Fort Lee across the river, was intended to protect the river from opposing warships upon completion. Construction of the fort required significant effort to bring enough soil to the location to construct the fort. Upon completion, the fort consisted of five earthen walls, each with a bulwark. The walls included openings for gun emplacements covering every angle and overlooked approximately four open acres surrounding the structure. In addition to the primary fort, numerous defenses surrounded the fort.
The Himeji Castle answers the question in that it was designed to defend against local shoguns through intelligently calculated ways. This includes the fifteen-meter sloping stonewall which blocks the view of the castle when looking at from the base of the walls. Also, the gates were built to a small size so limited men could move through the gate, which was strengthened by wood and stone. The combination of nature and technology creates a physical and psychological blockade designed to baffle and tire the
The forts were built supposedly as a method to prevent the raids that had been happening for a long period of time, however they proved to do little to stop
One of the problems Henry II faced was the barons. Under Stephen the baron had become too powerful and Henry had the issue of regaining this power. Many baron had taken advantage over Stephens lack of control and authority, several barons built castles without asking the kings permission and had taken over large areas of land Henry had to reassert his authority as the barons where becoming too powerful. If the barons carried on as they were Henrys fate would have ultimately reflected that of Stephens. Also the barons would have been seen as undreaming the king’s power and authority.
When people hear of the Alamo, they think of it as just the church, but in 1836, it was a 4.2-acre compound. The walls around the complex were made from limestone that is found in the surrounding area and made into blocks that were nearly three feet thick, and were from nine to twelve feet tall, and stretching more than ninety feet long. The floor of the Alamo was most likely laid with flagstone. Its original design was a Chapel but never completed. The Alamo has a design to hold up against attacks from Native American tribes but it was not designed to withstand the forces from an Army with artillery capabilities.
In Crusader Castles, Hugh Kennedy takes a strong approach that Crusader Castles are the pinnacle 12th and 13th century engineering. He explains that European castles which are often garrison by a local lord or vassal did not have to be built to the highest stand, unlike their counterparts to the east who would have to be built to perfection of the highest standard. They needed to be able to withstand brutal assaults from siege weaponry and armies ranking in the tens of thousands much more frequently than anywhere in Europe. Kennedy’s book is useful because it divides the crusaders castles into discrete areas and fits them into context of history and the part that they play in them. Something interesting that I have not commonly seen in other sources is his chapter on siege warfare and how it developed throughout the crusade.
The usage and architecture of the Tower of London has allowed it to become known as a powerful building in history. The Tower can be viewed as regal yet hunting, due to its complex past. The many centuries of use has allowed the Tower of London to mold itself into the fascinating building it has become today. The Tower of London has served as a royal residence, prison and location of Crowned Jewels making it one of the most significant buildings in history.
During the medieval times, various medieval queens left their mark on history. During the early medieval times, there was hardly any established kingdoms in Europe after the down fall of the Roman Empire. Due to this reason, we rarely find any examples of a medieval queens during the early middle ages. Medieval Kings dominated the middle ages and ruled their lands with authority. The medieval period went on for around 1000 years and during that time there were many medieval kings who ruled England and Europe.
The scholarship of crusader castles has progressed considerably from the early literature of E.G Rey and Hans Prutz. The earliest literature focused on what an observer most obviously considered when examining the remains of a castle, the remnants of high, thick walls used to defend against enemies. As this was the most apparent function of a castle, the theories that followed were based around the assumption that a castles only purpose was to defend against and enemy. That assumption, combined with pro-colonist views formed theories about the inherent ability of castles to defend the border of the crusader kingdoms against Muslim enemies. Later theories began to incorporate the difference of crusader castle as internal and external, but still
Concentric castles may have good defense but by far are the worst castles to have. One of the reasons on why they are the worst is the building time. It would take so long that the castle may not be needed anymore or the buyer may die. Another reason is that they are extremely expensive and only the richest people can afford them. These castles are also very expensive to maintain because of the castle being cold and leaky sometimes.
As a start, the building types are many as the private houses, baths, as well as temples and theatres and these are our points; Firstly in temples, Greeks’ structures were invented to be the home of gods called Parthenon having an obsolete religion. As inside these sanctuaries they didn’t have spots of meeting, but obeying the penances and aimed to custom an individual god in them. These temples anyways were sometimes used to be storage of votive offerings. Subsequently, they are very unique in there style and very essential modeling construction. For examples, the palace of Knossos, and Athens acropolis.
The drawbridge would commonly be made out of wood because of this it would be highly flammable. The drawbridge was not supported by a beam so it would swing up and down and side to side like a seesaw. Gate house One of the most important parts of a castle was the gate house which you can tell by how heavily defended it is, and you can tell by it being the entrance. There would be a heavy, thick wooden door that would be incredibly heavy, invaders would try to burn this door down but this did not always work: behind the wooden door is a heavy portcullis that weighs even more than the door.