Medinet Habu Research Paper

The White Temple, Uruk (Iraq) c.3200B.C.E. and the Stepped Pyramid of Djoser c.2630B.C.E. have similar structures and functions, so it is interesting to compare them since they come from different civilizations. This paper is going to focus on how are the structures of these two buildings similar, what architectural features distinguish them, and how were the structural differences related to the function of the buildings.

There are many well-known Ancient Egyptian pharaohs, but one of the most popular is Ramses II. This isn't really surprising because he had accomplished a lot of things during his time. He also had an unusually long reign — he was in power for 67 years — which not only earned him recognition but also turned him into a god. (Egyptian pharaohs became gods if they stayed in power for 30 years.)

There are 2 main types of temples that the ancient egyptians worship in.One of the temples is called the Cultus temple.The cultus temples are usually built just for a specific god or gods.The second type is called the mortuary temple.The mortuary temples are built mostly to worship the dead pharaohs.The only people can enter these temples are the priests.But,the priests have to be pure to enter these temples.The priests had to take very good care of the statues of dead pharohs.Every morning they had to anoint the gods with sacred perfume and oils.Then he had to put ceromonial clothes and paints on the statues.Lastly,he made offerings of food to the

There were many ancient civilizations that conveyed their religious beliefs, spirituality, and worldviews through their architecture, decorations, and other artistic mediums. The three cultures that stand out the most in regards to their beliefs being conveyed through architecture and art are Cahokia, Nubia, and India. Cahokia was a Mississippian civilization located in what is modern day North America. One of the unique cultural aspects within their government, known as the chiefdom, was the way in which the ruler of Cahokia was treated in regards to their gods. In a chiefdom, the ruler is hereditary and the chiefdom is based on a gift-giving and communal culture. The chief of Cahokia built his home atop of high mounds while the rest

King Ramses had many accomplishments but probably what he was the most known for his architectural achievements some example of what he has done is the Ramesseum which is a “memorial temple” that is located in Thebes. Ramses also built the temples of Abu Simbel which are two rock temples these temples are carved out of the mountainside they were made as a lasting

are able to tell the difference between what plants are edible and poisonous. The only tool used for gathering the food is an digging stick. It’s used for digging up roots and tubers. When all the necessities are gathered, they go into a large suede cape that is functionable for carrying food and firewood. Because the pouch is close to the body, it is very effective for ponderous loads.

Egyptians created large monuments known as the Great Pyramids. They were created for life after death, and were made with stones. The Egyptian sculptures were characterized by compact, solid structures that had qualities of strength and geometric clarity (pg. 252).

In Ancient Egypt, the temples were all constructed from stone because the gods were to live in these temples for all of eternity and lack of wood. The temple walls were covered with inscriptions and images. They were often historical events, such as important events at the temple or of the pharaoh’s reign. The Temple of Dendur depicted Pihor worshipping Isis and Pedesi worshipping Osiris as well as Emperor Augustus praying and offering the gods. Traditionally, the drawings would’ve been of the pharaoh. However, after his conquest of Egypt, Augustus became the pharaoh during this time. Priest maintained the temple along with craftsmen, cleaners, farmers, and slaves. There were four types of priests: full-time, lay, waab and the High Priest. Full-time priests would serve the gods at all times. Lay priests served for three months a year. Waab priests performed rituals. The High Priest oversaw all activities in the temple. The Temple of Dendur was smaller than many other temples in Egypt, therefore, there wouldn’t have been as many priests compared to larger temples. Priesthood was given in two ways: by an appointment of the pharaoh or inheritance. Serving priests must be celibate and live in or near the temple as well as be circumcised if they weren’t already. Priests weren’t allowed to wear clothing made from animals, so their clothing was made of plant fibers and linen.

The Apollo at Delphi and Zeus at Olympia, two major cult centers, were pilgrimage sites renowned throughout the Greek world, with activities and monuments intimately linked with all Greek cities, near and far. These two sites have noticeable similarities and differences that make them unique to the early classical period.

Akhenaten decided to make another radical change by relocating Egypt’s capital city from Thebes the cult centre of Amun to ‘Akhenaten’ meaning ‘the horizon of the Aten’. Between Memphis and Thebes lay Akhenaten, on a site no previously established or associated with any other god. Among 7 temples the most prominent temple was ‘The Great Temple of the Aten’- a central place of worship, with its ‘unusual’ layout, it had no roof, worship was towards the actual sun. This stamped his total devotion to Aten’s ‘cult’. Surrounding the city are 14 stela carved into the cliff recording Akhenaten’s speech about the cities founding, information regarding the cities functionality is mainly derived from this. From the 9th year of his reign the whole of the court had taken residence in the city. The city, embodied with worker’s villages, military barracks, palaces, temples and administrative centres. Inhabited by only a single generation estimated at 20,000 people. Upon his death Thebes was reinstated as Egypt’s capital: the court moved back. However, recovered written documents suggest the city continued functioning for 10 more years. Destroyed by later pharaohs like the Ramesside kings, systematically resources were reused to build other projects. Images of Aten and the royal family decorating the buildings. The Amarna Letters are a series of 350 clay tablets that have been derived from the city discovered

We all have read about great Egyptian rulers such as Ramses II and King Tutankhamun, but many don’t know that there was a woman ruler in ancient Egypt from 1479 – 1457 B.C. and her name was Hatshepsut. A woman that was destined for greatness and rose to the occasion by becoming a pharaoh. I chose the Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut because I have always been intrigued with Egyptian History, especially the women who came to rule. When I was in the fifth grade I took a class trip to Brigham Young University to see the Ramses Exhibit and ever since then I have been hooked on the culture and history from ancient Egyptian times. I find women rulers extremely captivating, because just like to today, it is not common place to see a woman rise to great

Symbols Associated with Poseidon. Poseidon used his trident to make a spring by sticking it in the ground. The trident, sea, the crown, Atlantis, the statues.

According to William L. MacDonald, who wrote the book The Pantheon: Design, Meaning, and Progeny, “Hadrian’s Pantheon is one of the grand architectural creations of all time: original, utterly bold, many-layered in associations and meaning, the container of a kind of immanent universality.” While Hadrian was not the architect of the very first Pantheon, he was the architect of the one that stands today. The first Pantheon was started in 27 BC by Marcus Vispanius Agrippa. It was unfortunately destroyed by a fire in 80 CE. The second Pantheon was commissioned by Domitian, but it was struck by lightning in 110 CE and burned down as well. In 118 AD, Hadrian completely rebuilt it and made it the majestic beauty that it is today. The pantheon

A sacred space is often distinguished from other spaces by its atmosphere and connection to the transcendent or otherworldly. Many features of the space, such as its architecture, lighting, and décor, create an aesthetic that is conducive to one’s experience of spirituality within the space. While sacred spaces are frequently defined by religious institutions as either temples, shrines, churches, or mosques, they are not necessarily limited to such conventional categories. For example, Native American tribes regarded caves or other natural wonders as sacred; some spaces do not have to fit strict religious molds to be venerated. In certain ways, Hindu temples also reflect the idea that sacred spaces are flexible and cannot be assumed to possess one specific set of qualities. The Hindu

The ziggurat of Ur was built by the Sumerians.They built it with solid mud brick and bitumen. A ziggurat has four sides that are oriented to the cardinal points of the compass. The temple was built on a platform that lifts the building up to the ground; this platform is the ziggurat. Ziggurat symbolizes elevation or a link between men and the heavens. Furthermore, the ziggurat also emphasized and maintained the Priest-king`s status, his isolation from the rest depicts that he is important and more closer to god than anyone else. Similar to the ancient Egypt, the pyramids of Giza have four sided base and these structures are also oriented to the cardinal points of the compass. Moreover, the pyramid is also a stairway to connect themselves to their gods. Likewise, Egyptian civilization is hierarchical, the pyramids of Giza are a way to emphasize that they are elite and in the top of the hierarchy.