Enzyme Immobilized On Membrane: A Case Study
4.1.2. Reactors with Enzyme Immobilized on Membrane
In reactor with enzyme immobilized on membrane, the biocatalyst retains within the membrane itself, during mass transfer process the contact between the substrate and the enzyme takes place as a result of the transmembrane pressure and permeate contains the product. The better results and control of the reaction is possible through the “micro-reactor concept”, where the distance between the catalyst and the substrate is reduced considerably, then increasing the probability of reaction. In such a system, the contact between the molecules of the substrate and biocatalysts is improved as the mass transfer path is reduced, while the contact time can be controlled through the mass transfer rate. Theoretically, with this special configuration, a good choice of the membrane and process parameters allows better process optimization, with good control of the reaction kinetics, contact time and reduced losses of substrate and catalyst, resulting in higher yields and cleaner products.[195]
The benefits of using this type of reactor is that the design and scaling up of the process is very simple. The process could be optimized through a proper balance between enzyme
…show more content…
In this case, an organic and aqueous solution are joined, both containing a certain monomer, e.g. an acid chloride and an amine. These two monomers can react via a poly condensation reaction at the interface and form a thin polyamide membrane. This membrane is stable for liquid/gas or liquid/ liquid contact, and permeable to gas molecules in the microchannel. By alternating water and oil phases, multiple membranes can be prepared next to each other. The determination of multiple analyte is possible through the application of parallel dual membranes. This study helps to understand substrate permeation and subsequent molecular transformation
Sn1 Reaction Lab Report
2140 Words | 9 PagesIntroduction An unimolecular substitution reaction, SN1 reaction, has a two step mechanism that results in a halide group being displaced by a nucleophile1. In an SN1 reaction, the first step involves the leaving of a halide group to form a carbocation intermediate. This is the rate determining step, and it is also the slowest step. In the second step a nucleophile attacks a face of the the carbocation. Figure 1 displays this mechanism.
Peroxidase Chemical Reaction Lab
740 Words | 3 PagesTitle: Enzymes Abstract: Enzymes can catalyze chemical reactions by speeding up the chemicals activation energy. Temperature and pH are just two of the factors that affects enzymes and their involvement with chemicals and the way they function. Throughout this experiment, we conducted a study on peroxidase, which is an enzyme. The following information consist of the recordings of when it was exposed to four different pH levels to come up with an optimum pH and IRV at the end. Introduction: Enzymes are proteins that are used in reactions in living organisms.
Enzyme Lab Report
250 Words | 1 PagesThis experiment will also show how molecules that work with the enzymes, otherwise known as substrates, speed up the chemical reaction. Enzymes are known to speed up a chemical reaction because they are catalysts,
Unit 18 Lab 18 Report
192 Words | 1 PagesIntroduction The Lab 18 focuses on the reaction rates. Each experiment will have two or more test tubes with same amount of reactants to be included. However, the different variable will show the difference of how reaction can be hastened or delayed. The different variables are temperature, concentration, and presence of catalyst.
Enzyme Lab
901 Words | 4 PagesThe enzymeʼs have an active site that allows only certain substances to bind, they do this by having an enzyme and substrate that fit together perfectly. If the enzyme shape is changed then the binding
Quetiapine Fumarate Case Study
3223 Words | 13 PagesThe mobile phase used was a mixture of ammonium acetate buffer and acetonitrile at a ratio of 400:600. A flow rate of 1 mL/min was maintained, and the detection wavelength was 292 nm (22). The required studies were carried out to estimate the precision and accuracy of the HPLC method and were found to be within limits [percent coefficient of variation was less than 15%]. Sample preparation briefly involved 0.4 μ membrane filter through which the sample was filtered, diluted with mobile phase, and 10 μL was spiked into
Enzyme Temperature Lab Report
1654 Words | 7 PagesI) Introduction This lab was designed to test what effect multiple temperatures would have on the activity of an enzyme. It’s scientifically known that there’s a positive correlation between temperature and an enzyme’s rate of reaction. In other words, as temperature increases, so too does the rate of reaction of an enzyme.
Enzyme Fast Lab
485 Words | 2 Pagespurpose the propose of this experiment was too see if the chemical reaction of a enzyme can be made faster. Hypothesis I think that a warm environment would be best to make an enzyme’s reaction faster. because a protein can move faster in heat.
The Effect Of Molecular Concentration On The Rate Of Diffusion
700 Words | 3 PagesINTRODUCTION Diffusion takes place on molecules of liquid, gas or a solution. It is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration down a concentration gradient in random motion (D G McKean, Dave Hayward 2014). The diffusion of molecules passing across a lipid bilayer is also affected by its “hydrophobicity”. Diffusion can be done without the use of energy due to the randomness of the movements of particles. Molecules move from areas where they are dominant, to areas where they are in little number without the influence of outside forces.
Osmosis Lab
959 Words | 4 PagesOsmosis is one of the most important regulators in the body. Osmosis regulates solvents through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, creating equal concentration in and out of the cell. For the purpose of this laboratory a dialysis bag will be used to imitate the semipermeable membrane of a cell. The dialysis bags will be filled with different concentrations of sucrose and placed in distilled water to mimic osmosis. With the dependent variable being the mass of the bag and the independent variable being the sucrose.
Lab Report Peroxidase
1138 Words | 5 PagesFirst was to create a baseline using 0.1mL of guaiacol, 0.2mL and 4.7mL pipetted into a test tube and 1.0mL of turnip extract and 4.0mL of distilled water pipetted into another. These two test tubes were mixed and immediately poured into a cuvette to collect the progression of the reaction. Once 120 seconds of the reaction is collected record the data. Next was the reaction for 2x enzyme concentrate. The steps are the same as the baseline except 2.0 mL of turnip extract was used.
Aromatic Aldehyde Formal Report
1073 Words | 5 Pages.1.1 CYTOSINE ANALOGUE PREPARATION WITH AROMATIC ALDEHYDE when aromatic aldehyde is used, magnesium is added to anhydrous methanol or ethanol (4 eq relative to cytosine) and heated until complete dissolution of magnesium filings and add 2 mmol of cytosine, followed by the aromatic aldehyde in the amount of 4-6 eq, minimum of 4 eq relative to cytosine, the reaction mixture is heated up to 45-65°C for at least 3 hours, and later, a reducing agent, preferably NaBH(1 eq relative aldehyde) ,is added to the cooled mixture, then it is kept at room temperature for at least 15 minutes, followed by addition of inorganic acid solution; next, the mixture is evaporated, water is added and the mixture is extracted with ethyl acetate to isolate the product;
Phosphatase Optimum Temperature
538 Words | 3 PagesTitle The purpose of this experiment was to test the reaction rate of an enzyme in various temperatures to further learn what such enzyme’s (phosphatase) optimum temperature is. By learning what the optimum temperature is, we can hypothesize what type of environment the specimen in which the enzyme was isolated from lives in. In this experiment, therefore, the independent variable was the temperature in which the reactions took place. The dependent variable was the rate of the reactions measured by the light absorbance of the product (p-nitrophenol).
Recrystallizing Benzoic Acid Lab Report
1019 Words | 5 PagesIt is faster due to the filter funnels surface area. Results/Observations Experimental data resulted as expected because it was found that on experiment one, Benzoic Acid could recrystallize with a better recovery percentage than the solvent pair in experiment two. The mass recovered in experiment one was 0.048g while experiment two had a mass recovery of 0.045g. Solvent(s) Used Mass of “Crude” (g) Mass of Recovered (g) Amount of Solvent Used (mL) Percent Recovered (%) Experiment One Water (H2O) .051
Hepatitis A Case Study
3304 Words | 14 Pages• Mixing - Stirring is one of the key elements in a bioreactor system on which mass transfer and energy transfer depend on. The mixing principle in a single use bioreactor is limited to a movement which limits the use of the bags to low volume and simple applications such as the seed‑train expansion of
More about Enzyme Immobilized On Membrane: A Case Study
Sn1 Reaction Lab Report
2140 Words | 9 PagesPeroxidase Chemical Reaction Lab
740 Words | 3 PagesEnzyme Lab Report
250 Words | 1 PagesUnit 18 Lab 18 Report
192 Words | 1 PagesEnzyme Lab
901 Words | 4 PagesQuetiapine Fumarate Case Study
3223 Words | 13 PagesEnzyme Temperature Lab Report
1654 Words | 7 PagesEnzyme Fast Lab
485 Words | 2 PagesThe Effect Of Molecular Concentration On The Rate Of Diffusion
700 Words | 3 PagesOsmosis Lab
959 Words | 4 PagesLab Report Peroxidase
1138 Words | 5 PagesAromatic Aldehyde Formal Report
1073 Words | 5 PagesPhosphatase Optimum Temperature
538 Words | 3 PagesRecrystallizing Benzoic Acid Lab Report
1019 Words | 5 PagesHepatitis A Case Study
3304 Words | 14 Pages