We live in a society where ethnic minorities are target for every minimal action and/or crimes, which is a cause to be sentenced up to 50 years in jail. African Americans and Latinos are the ethnic minorities with highest policing crimes. In chapter two of Michelle Alexander’s book, The Lockdown, we are exposed to the different “crimes” that affects African American and Latino minorities. The criminal justice system is a topic discussed in this chapter that argues the inequality that people of color as well as other Americans are exposed to not knowing their rights. Incarceration rates, unreasonable suspicions, and pre-texts used by officers are things that play a huge role in encountering the criminal justice system, which affects the way …show more content…
Many ethnic minorities, and often times U.S citizens as well, do not know the amendments that protects them. For example, the fourth amendment that gives people the right to deny any unreasonable searches without a warrant. “Many Americans do not know what the 4h Amendment of the U.S constitution actually says or what it requires of the police” (pg.61). Many times fear takes over an individual and therefore, he/she feels forced to do what an officer requests them to do when in reality they have the right to deny them. When people get pulled over or have a police officer knocking on their door makes individuals feel unlawful. Not to mention all the undocumented people that feel oppressed by officers and scared to talk back to them with a “no”. In chapter two, the author presents a section titled Just Say No. In this section the author illustrates a time where two police officers stopped a bus to search for drugs. Police officers never warned individuals that they had the right to remain silent and, therefore, minorities were trapped and found guilty for carrying drugs. In addition, the book discusses the Florida vs Botsick case that states that people have the right to refuse answering the police. As Americans we have the rights that we hardly ever use. We don’t feel entitled to use our rights and therefore cops can get away with whatever they want. Ethnic minorities are targeted when they do …show more content…
Police officers are always looking for a target and they end up finding the perfect person to penalize. For example, many people are usually shocked when they find out that the reason they were pulled over was not, in fact, against the law, and end up penalized. In my opinion police officers should really focus on stopping crimes such as rapes, robbery, murders etc. Those crimes should have high penalties, but crimes such as speeding, driving without a license, carrying a small amount of drug should not equal the same prison time for a major crime for ethnic minorities. Therefore, unreasonable suspicions, pre-texts used by officers and jail time are things that play a huge role regarding the criminal justice system that affects the way ethnic minorities are
James Queally and Joe Mozingo on the article “Feds fault San Francisco police for violence against minorities and recommend 272 reforms” explains how law enforcement is racially biased towards minorities. Queally and Mozingo support their claim by mentioning the rise of police brutality against Blacks and Latinos and describing the type slurs used when law enforcement are referring to minorities amongst their fellow colleague. The authors’ purpose is to show the reader the type of way law enforcement is unfair to people of color and different cultures. The authors write in a serious tone to those seeking to end police brutality.
Racial profiling by law enforcement is an overwhelmingly useless and prevalent expression of hate and ignorance to this day. Internationally, a wide variation of races are unrightfully discriminated against by the enforcements who are supposedly there to protect them. Jim Crow policing is an issue that undoubtedly continues, no matter the amount of riots or unjustly arrested/ murdered civilians. Cases like Trayvon Martin, and Mike Brown, as well as Bob Herbert 's article Jim Crow Policing published in the New York Times, February 2nd 2010, explain first hand accounts and statistics to give examples of the fact that racial profiling from the police force consistently takes place.
A huge part of today's racial issues is an action called stop and frisk. Stop and Frisk is a term used to describe police officers stopping people on the street to “pat them down” in order to collect illegal weapons and prevent possible crimes. Although it was intended to be a safe and proactive way to prevent crime, it has turned into serious cases of racial profiling. For example, an article titled Stop and Frisk by Numbers, written by Jason Oberholtzer on Forbes.com, state's, “Young black and Latino men account for 4.7% of New York City’s population but 41.6% of the stops in 2011.” These numbers prove the issue of racial profiling when it comes to Stop and Frisk.
Many people claim that racism no longer exists; however, the minorities’ struggle with injustice is ubiquitous. In the “Anything Can Happen With Police Around”: Urban Youth Evaluate Strategies of Surveillance in Public Places,” Michelle Fine and his comrades were inspired to conduct a survey over one of the major social issues - how authority figures use a person’s racial identity as a key factor in determining how to enforce laws and how the surveillance is problematic in public space. In the beginning of the article, she used the existed survey reports to support and justify their purpose to perform this survey. The survey analyzed urban youth interactions with authority figures, comprising police, educators, social workers and security guards.
The police treat people of color differently than whites. It 's like the Jim Crow Law is happening all over again. Police would rather mistreat people of color instead of giving them equal opportunity when it comes to the law. In the Boston Globe article
Throughout history, disputes and tensions between law enforcement officials and communities of minorities have endured hostility and violence between each other. Racial profiling has become a “hot topic” for researchers as well as for politicians and by now it is likely that most citizens are at least aware of the common accusations of racial bias pitted against law enforcement (Cochran & Warren, 2013). Communities of color are being discriminated against and racially profiled by white police officers for any suspicion of criminal activities. It has been widely assumed by policy makers and citizens alike that allegations of racial profiling are mostly associated with the policing practices of white officers and their treatment of racial and ethnic minorities (Cochran & Warren, 2013). Also, individuals of minority descent will certainly recognize that they are being racially profiled during a stop that is being conducted by a white police officer.
Law enforcement do not recognize the minorities they victimize in a way that one should be acknowledged. They view them as troublemakers or nuisances that should be in prison because they are always up to no good. Taylor states, “Within these perspectives, misrecognition shows not just a lack of due respect. It can inflict a grievous wound, saddling its victims with a crippling self-hatred” (Taylor). The perspective that people who practice racial profiling view minorities results in negative effects.
The killing of a young African American Michael Brown by white police officer Daren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri on August 9, 2014 shed a light on something that had long been ignored by the white population of the USA, the obvious inequality between black and white individuals in the criminal justice system. This racial bias is no longer based on explicit racism which was outlawed by the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, instead it is influenced by implicit racial bias present in all aspects of the criminal justice system resulting in implicit assumptions that lead to quick and prejudice judgments based on negative stereotypes by the actors of the criminal justice system especially law enforcements which lead the uneven usage of “stop and
One of the greatest challenges law enforcement are facing is providing effective policing for minority communities. Some factors that prevent minorities from gaining access to justice or being taken advantage of certain criminal justice services are language barriers, racial stereotyping, and cultural differences. Since the 30 's and 40 's, and even during the 60 's, civil rights activists damaged the police-minority relations in the United States, believing that police only interest are protecting white communities. A big explanation of why there 's a poor police-minority relations in the United States is racism on the part of the individual officers. Many minorities in the United States have continued to complain about being treated more harshly than whites and the Department of Justice believes that racial profiling and police discrimination will continue to be a big problem.
Under the law, an officer may not stop a person without having a reasonable suspicion that the individual. Persona used to target minorities: The form lists several possible reasons for the stop that officers check off", including “Fits Description,” “Furtive Movements,” “Suspicious Bulge/Object,” “Wearing Clothes/Disguises Commonly Used in Commission of Crime,” “Sights and Sounds of Criminal Activity,” and “Area Has High Incidence of Reported O"ense of Type Under Investigation” (high-crime area). Information gathered stating how there is injustice with this statue:
As a result police officers have become a major key in the arrests of many people of color. Alexander explains how police will stop and search people of color who are “suspected” of containing drugs or who look “suspicions.” Police officers are actually encouraged in their training to use racial profiling and when a person files a complaint the Courts always take the side of the police officer. As stated by Alexander, “The dirty little secret of policing is that the Supreme Court has actually granted the police license to discriminate” (130). Many would argue that police officers and the justice system are fair and that they don’t discriminate and that one does have a fair trial in court from all the lies the media and television shows feeds the people about the justice system and police force.
Our law enforcement sometimes judges people on their race or ethnicity. The police decide who they consider suspicious, that discretion is routinely exercised through race. People believe some shouldn’t be allowed in places because of it. The color of our skin daren’t portray the lives that we live on a daily basis, that is what’s wrong with today’s society. Police disproportionately target minorities as criminal suspects, skewing at the outset the racial composition.
‘In New York City, 80% of the NYPD stop checks were of blacks and Latinos’ (Quigley). It is more common for African Americans to be checked, by making them lay flat onto the ground, in comparison to any other group in the USA. The same was the biased practice indicated in A lesson Before Dying which is represented by the deputy’s regular checks on Grant for which he had to empty all his pockets as if was also a criminal whenever he visited Jefferson in the jail. Moreover, today the fear of police shooting has made African Americans parents so much afraid of the police that they train their children’s to not stir during a police check and to slowly access driving documents while the hands still raised up. Nevertheless African Americans form the biggest segment of the population killed during police checks and most of the time the person killed is unarmed highlighting the injustice resulting from a bias attitude of policemen against African Americans.
When it comes to racial profiling people automatically believe that it is harsh and inhuman as well that the victim had nothing to do that caused racial profiling , when it comes to being frisked and detained. In an article written by “National institute of Justice” it stated “What is clear from the research is that race is a consistent predictor of attitudes toward the police. Hence, some researchers argue that what happens during the stop is as important as the reason for it”. when it comes to law enforcement people always blame the police officer for taken a little more action on detaining someone.
Random sample surveys were conducted in Seattle, Washington by telephone, which asked citizen’s various questions concerning their feelings towards police. These questions included their level of happiness in regards to police problem-solving, their views on police hassling citizens, and if they had ever experienced, or perceived to experience racial profiling or bias by law enforcement (Wu, 2014). Of all the citizens that took part in the survey, 64% of African Americans felt that racial profiling was a problem inside their neighborhoods, 28% of Asians, 20% of whites, and 34% of Hispanics agreed (Wu,