The whole outlook on domestic workers is so' feudal here. There are 90 million domestic workers in India, and it's sad there are no rules for them. Across Asia, 'domestic work' (e.g. work carried out in the homes of others) is a common occupation. Yet domestic work is usually not recognized in many societies as I employment' and labour laws do often not protect the workers.
What the underdeveloped counties get is the destroyed environment while developed countries get most of the capital and cheap labor. For example, there are many Nike factories in Indonesia and Vietnam using the cheap labor and low price ingredient, but the local countries and workers only get little profits. So the factories have to extend working hours and even employ child laborers working in dangerous places for higher profits. In China, the 18 attempted suicides by Foxconn employees resulted in 14 deaths. In excess of the 36 hours a month allowed by Chinese law was routinely demanded from Foxconn employees (Fiona, James and Mimi).
Poverty and insufficient generation of income are the main reasons in entering domestic work. Many domestic workers choose the job that they will perform compared to other types of employment. In Cambodia, domestic work is not considered as real “work”, instead it is a form of servitude. Domestic workers do not have labour
There are over 0.2 million people registered as rural people, who are the main source of migrant workers in China. “Hu Kou” system not only restrict these migrant workers from rural area to have the same social welfare as urban residents. Their children cannot receive high school education instead of in local province, their medical insurance is different, the average pension is less. It is also hard to apply the relevant bureaucracies for permission and the provals are tightly controlled. Besides, “Hu Kou ”system also result the discriminations of these rural residents, they are regarded as low education and cheap labour in big cities.
In the late 1970s, there was a demand for temporary low-income jobs in Guangzhou’s factories, resulting in the withdrawal of certain migratory controls (Joseph, 2010). Even so, at this stage, the migrants still had rural hukou statuses and were deemed as the ‘floating population’, which clearly worsened rural-urban disparity, because those rural migrants who took up the surplus of cheap labour in Guangzhou were not entitled to any social welfare benefits (Chao, 2012, p.2). The hukou has led to some degree of subjectification and in hopes to tackle the rural-urban divide, the Guangzhou government announced in 2013 that they were abolishing the rural hukou so that rural migrants (mainly farmers) can enjoy “better employment rights, education and other legal interests” (Zheng, 2013). However, this did not indicate that the farmers were entitled to the other kinds of social welfare that the local residents have, which meant that discrimination towards the migrants were relatively still
The urban poverty is also increasing. Migrants with low-paying jobs or without jobs are unable to afford housing or feed their families. In 2012, it was estimated that the extreme poverty in the Philippines was 19.2% (18.4 million people). Most of the poor people live in rural areas and work primarily in farming and agriculture. Lack of infrastructure prevents Philippines’ economy from growing .A country like Philippines that is still developing also makes it hard for the government to provide basic needs like services in health, education and clean water supply.
In a recent survey, it was estimated that the population of the Philippines is 102 million, most of those people have to face poverty every day. Migrants with low-paying jobs or without jobs are unable to afford housing or feed their families. In 2012, it was estimated that the extreme poverty in the Philippines was 19.2% (18.4 million people). Most of the poor people live in rural areas and work primarily in farming and agriculture. Lack of infrastructure prevents Philippines’ economy from growing .A country like the Philippines that is still developing also makes it hard for the government to provide basic needs like services in health, education and clean water supply.
They don’t have food to eat, place to sleep and clothes to wear. It is one of the biggest social problems of our country. Government should provide facilities to the poor, only then this social problem can be controlled. UNEMPLOYMENT: The people who get the education are unemployed. They don’t find the jobs; even if they do it’s not according to their fields.
The respondent said that most of them years ago migrate because they are lacking jobs opportunities. They found it is hard to work there since they are only skilled in doing traditional works such as farming. However, in their places of origin, there are not enough lands or estate to grow crops, or even works as a rubber tapper. Therefore, they chose to move to nearby places such as Kg Bendang Pakyong to find jobs that suit their skills because these places has many lands or estates which still need workers to cultivate the land. They work as tappers, farmers and even labor to make up and build up homes or any building.
It has been noted that majority of Malaysian citizens do not prefer to work at construction sites as it is perceived as a dirty, dangerous and difficult (3D’s) kind of job (Mohd Arif et al., 2012) . For this particular reason, the number of local workers keeps lessening each year, resulting in massive employment of foreign workers from other countries. The former Minister of Human Resources, Datuk Seri Dr Fong Chan Onn stated that despite Malaysia currently has about 1.8 million foreign workers, there are still hundreds of applications submitted every month by local companies to the Home Affairs Ministry, requesting to hire more foreign labor. (Bernama, 2006) . The statement evidently proves that the demand for foreign workers at construction sites is tremendously high, due to the inadequacy of local