features emerge. First of all it was noticed that the number of tertiary-educated workers in the total stock of migrants exceed the share of tertiary-educated workers in the domestic labor force in every developing region of the world. In sub-Saharan Africa, the tertiary educated account for less than 3 percent of the labor force but more than 35 percent of all migrants (Ratha, Mohapatra, Ozden, Plaza and Shimeles, 2011). Secondly, highly educated individuals are more likely to emigrate than less educated
THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE & VULNERABILITY ON FISHERIES IN WEST AFRICA: ECONOMICS, FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL SECURITY IMPLICATIONS ABSTRACT Considering the climate change from different global analyses, West Africa was penciled as one of the most unsafe regions to climate change threat and adverse consequences. No doubt as the harmful changes in marine ecosystem under climate change may pose consequential threats to the livelihoods and general well-being of both rural and urban communities and countries
Migration in the process that people leave their home to move to other countries in groups or individual for many reasons. Throughout human history, many people have left the place where they were born with the hope of a better life for themselves in the new land, legal immigration of people across the globe have risen 50% in the last 25 years; with 3.2% of the world population - 232 million people are migrants. In the world history, the two largest flows of migration are to Europe and to North America
1.0 Background to the Study Migration – as a necessary human activity – is as old as man himself. Its importance lies in the connection between it and development, when properly directed, managed and handled. The United Nations has equally noted that migration is a vital element in the development process. To this end, several conferences have held to discuss the issues arising from migrations and how these could be utilized to aid global development. Contemporary studies have shown that the more
GLOBAL MIGRATION The term “global migration” means that the movement of people from one nation state to another nation state or from one continent to another continent or from one place to another. MAJOR MIGRATION PATTERNS IN THE EARLY 21st CENTURY The map shows the major migration patterns in the early 21st century. In the map, it can be seen that the major-migration streams are shown with the help of the thick arrows and these arrows are flows from Africa to Europe, from Asia to Europe, from Asia
Africa is the continent with a massive influx of migrants. Political instability (conflicts, war, dictatorial rule, terrorism) and social-economic problems (unemployment, poverty, illiteracy, lack of education and healthcare resources, are the push factors which have been around for decades. These factors are the major circumstances that push people to become refugees, asylum seekers, and labor migrants. In many African countries, migration has been the core of many political and legislative discussions
“The African Diaspora refers to the communities throughout the world that are descended from the historic movement of peoples from Africa, predominantly to the Americas, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, among other areas worldwide”[African Union]. The term ‘Diaspora’ historically applies to the successors of the West and Central Africans who were enslaved and shipped to the Americas in the Atlantic slave trade, with the largest population being Brazil, followed by the USA and others. Much of the
definite consequences for the development of Africa and the complex and evolving challenges for politicians and the people of Africa. Addressing climate change is critical to the program for the development of the continent. It has been shown that the communities and the poorest countries earliest and the most global warming due to the weaker strength and greater confidence in sensitive sectors such as agriculture suffer climate. In the last decade, Africa has experienced more or less high economic
spread of this language. The most important of these factors are historical geographical factor.And because of the historic campaigns to the Americas, Asia and the poles. This expansion in the 19th century with expansions and developments in colonial Africa and the South Pacific continued. In the mid-20th century, many of the newly independent countries Adopted and considered it an official language. The English language became widespread in every continent and in the islands and oceans, such as: Saint
ink between migration and livelihoods and the vital roles that human mobility can play in lessening the vulnerable people’s challenges and eradicating poverty in the developing world are noticeable. Population movement is part of the livelihood strategies used by various communities and individuals, in other words, migrants move in search of greener pastures or for sustainable livelihoods. Various scholars have endorsed migration as a strategic decision used by many households and vulnerable communities