Milk Plant Case Study

1.1 HISTORY Milk plant Vita at Gohana road in Rohtak, was established in 1976 by Haryana Dairy Cooperation with handling capacity of one lakh liters per day. The plant is spread over 15 acre’s of land. Haryana Dairy Cooperation was converted into federation in 1979 under operation Flood-I. In November 1982; the responsibility of milk procurement through societies was handed over to milk unions under operation flood-II. Before November 19, 1982 milk was collected directly from collection centers. In 1991 ten milk unions were converted into five milk unions by amalgamation to increase the area of operation behind each milk plant for capacity feeding. In April, 1992, milk plants were leased out to milk union to remove the confrontation between

It consists of a high-pressure piston pump that forces the milk and thereby subdivided into smaller particles of more uniform size.

The fat globules of milk are surrounded by a membrane 5-10 mm thick. The membrane has properties of an emulsifier and keeps the emulsion, milk stable. During homogenization the original membrane is destroyed and the first result is a rise in interfacial tension soon falls again. The new emulsion therefore remains stable even after homogenization.

Homogenization effect is produced by three collaborating factors:

(a) Passage through the narrow gap in the homogenizer head at high velocity subjects the fat globules to very powerful shear forces, which deforms elongate and shatter the spherical globules.

(b) The acceleration of the liquid in the gap is accompanied by a pressure drop. This creates camadhution in which the globules are subjected to powerful imposive force.

(c) Further shattering takes places when the fat globules impact at high velocity in the homogenizing

The fresh milk testing, product testing and bacteriological quality determination, all the functions are performed in this laboratory.

At present quality control department has following functions :-

1. Testing quality control departments has following functions.

2. Analysis of the products for its specifications and purity laid down by as per ISI.

3. Testing the efficiency of intermediate processing steps.

4. Testing equipments, environment for count an water for its hardness total solids & fresh milk analysis. Whenever milk enters the plant before receiving it milk is testing for its quality. In case of tanker separate sample is drawn for each portion with the help of plunger. The sample are taken to Q.C. Lab and tested for different platform tests. Can sample is also tested in Q.C. Lab and sample is taken by make a composite sample. Tests for raw milk for its quality and composition.

3.2 Acidity test 10 ml milk + 10 ml distilled water +1 ml Phenolphthalein indicator. Mix it and titrate in against N/9 NaoH till faint pink colour is received.

Acidity % = Vol used x 0.10

Testing of Adulterant and preservatives

a) Urea test 2 ml milk + 2 ml urea reagent – Pale yellow = Test +